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The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the frequency of antibiotic usage, potentially contributing to changes in the dynamics of bacterial agents colonizing humans. Here we determined MRS colonization rates among pregnant individuals attending a single maternity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil before (January 2019\u2013March 2020) and during (May 2020\u2013March 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Anovaginal samples (n\u2009=\u2009806 [521 samples before and 285 during the pandemic]) were streaked onto chromogenic media. Colonies were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Detection of <jats:italic>mecA<\/jats:italic> gene and SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic> typing were assessed by PCR and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI guidelines. After the onset of the pandemic, MRS colonization rates increased significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) from 8.6% (45) to 54.7% (156). Overall, 215 (26.6%) MRS isolates were detected, of which <jats:italic>S. haemolyticus<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent species (MRSH, 84.2%; 181 isolates). SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic> type V was the most frequent among MRS (63.3%; 136), and 31.6% (68) of MRS strains had a non-typeable SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>, due to new combinations of <jats:italic>ccr<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>mecA<\/jats:italic> complexes. Among MRS strains, 41.9% (90) were resistant to at least 3 different classes of antimicrobial agents, and 60% (54) of them were <jats:italic>S. haemolyticus<\/jats:italic> harboring SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic> V. MRS colonization rates and the emergence of multidrug-resistant variants detected in this study indicate the need for continuing surveillance of this important pathogen within maternal and child populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-64422-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T20:28:31Z","timestamp":1719606511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. colonization among pregnant individuals during COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Rio-Tinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. C. S. 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M.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. C. A.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"64422_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1730813","volume":"18","author":"K Becker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Becker, K., Both, A., Wei\u00dfelberg, S., Heilmann, C. & Rohde, H. Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Expert Rev. 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