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In a double-blinded, randomized, crossover study, 16 female athletes participated in simulated combats under one control and 5 experimental conditions [i.e., CAF alone (CAF), placebo alone (PL), CAF with music (CAF\u2009+\u2009M), PL with music (PL\u2009+\u2009M), and no supplement with music (M)]. After warming-up, athletes rated their felt arousal (FAS). Mean (HR<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>) and peak (HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>) heart rate values were determined for each combat. After fighting, athletes rated their perceived exertion (RPE), feeling scale (FS), FAS, and physical enjoyment (PACES). Time-motion and technical-tactical variables were analyzed. CAF\u2009+\u2009M induced shorter skip and pause time, while attack time increased compared to other conditions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Moreover, CAF\u2009+\u2009M increased single attacks, combined attacks, counter-attacks (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and defensive actions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) than other conditions. HR<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> and HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> were lower under CAF\u2009+\u2009M than other conditions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Additionally, higher FAS post-combat, FS, and PACES were observed under CAF\u2009+\u2009M, while RPE was lower (except CAF condition) compared to the other conditions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.Using CAF with warm-up music may increase combat cadence and improve the psychological state in female athletes more effectively than either strategy alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-64880-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T08:01:58Z","timestamp":1718956918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Warm-up music and low-dose caffeine enhance the activity profile and psychophysiological responses\u00a0during simulated combat\u00a0in female taekwondo athletes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Slaheddine","family":"Delleli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Ouergui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamdi","family":"Messaoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Bridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca Paolo","family":"Ardig\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamdi","family":"Chtourou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"64880_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0159-9","volume":"44","author":"CA Bridge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bridge, C. 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