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A total of 830 official matches from LaLiga men\u2019s first division and Spanish Copa del Rey were analyzed, which resulted in 24,980 match observations collected from 1138 male players (forwards, n\u2009=\u2009286; midfielders, n\u2009=\u2009441; defenders, n\u2009=\u2009411). The physical performance variables, which represent the locomotor demands, were collected using electronic performance tracking systems. A Partial Least-Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used to measure performance. The PLS-SEM output had three significant latent components, which explained 95% of the initial variability, that were related to the acceleration-specific performance (component 1), high-intensity running-related variables (component 2), and medium intensity actions variables (component 3). Also, a linear regression analysis was used to explore relationships between playing activity time (hours\u2014X axis) and the composite index (10-point scale\u2014Y axis), in which a strong and positive correlation was observed between individual playing time and the composite index (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.76; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.58). Also, significant positive correlations were observed in forwards (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.85; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.74), midfielders (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.80; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.64), and defenders (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.67; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.45). However, significant differences between playing positions with a small effect size (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05; eta-squared\u2009=\u20090.01) were found. From a practical perspective, this study may serve as a reference for sports performance practitioners to create a composite index that measures the overall players\u2019 physical performance. The instructions to create this index are available in the manuscript.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65581-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T06:02:21Z","timestamp":1719208941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Summarizing physical performance in professional soccer: development of a new composite index"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Oliva-Lozano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Cefis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Fortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto L\u00f3pez-Del","family":"Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Resta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"65581_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315681276","volume-title":"Legacies of Great Men in World Soccer","author":"K Bandyopadhyay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bandyopadhyay, K. 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