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Doping results in a transition from the <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\u2032<jats:italic>-type<\/jats:italic> to the <jats:italic>O-type<\/jats:italic> distorted structure. Traces of reactants, intermediate phases, and a small amount of Eu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions were detected on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles consist of antiferromagnetic cores flanked by ferromagnetic shells. The Eu<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> dopant ions enhance the magnetization values relative to those of the pristine nanoparticles and result in magnetic susceptibilities compatible with the presence of Eu<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> van Vleck paramagnetism of spin\u2013orbit coupling constant (\u03bb\u2009=\u2009363\u00a0cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and a low temperature Curie\u2013Weiss like behavior associated with the minority Eu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions. Anomalous temperature-dependent magnetic hardening due to competing magnetic anisotropy and magnetoelectric coupling effects together with a temperature-dependent dopant-sensitive exchange bias, caused by thermally activated spin reversals at the core of the nanoparticles, were observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65757-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T16:02:26Z","timestamp":1719417746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Core and surface structure and magnetic properties of mechano-synthesized LaFeO3 nanoparticles and their Eu3+-doped and Eu3+\/Cr3+-co-doped variants"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"R. T.","family":"Al-Mamari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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