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Cytokine research, especially Th-17 cytokine research on GAD patients, is limited. Here, we aim to assess the role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23A (IL-23A) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD. This investigation included 50 GAD patients and 38 age-sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). A psychiatrist diagnosed patients with GAD and assessed symptom severity using the DSM-5 and the GAD-7 scales. The serum concentrations of IL-17A and IL-23A were determined using commercially available ELISA kits. GAD patients exhibited elevated levels of IL-17A (77.14\u2009\u00b1\u200958.30\u00a0pg\/ml) and IL-23A (644.90\u2009\u00b1\u2009296.70\u00a0pg\/ml) compared to HCs (43.50\u2009\u00b1\u200925.54\u00a0pg\/ml and 334.40\u2009\u00b1\u2009176.0\u00a0pg\/ml). We observed a positive correlation between disease severity and cytokine changes (IL-23A: r\u2009=\u20090.359, p\u2009=\u20090.039; IL-17A: r\u2009=\u20090.397, p\u2009=\u20090.032). These findings indicate that IL-17A and IL-23A may be associated with the pathophysiology of GAD. ROC analysis revealed moderately higher AUC values (IL-23A: 0.824 and IL-17A: 0.710), demonstrating their potential to discriminate between patients and HCs. Also, the sensitivity values of both cytokines were relatively higher (IL-23A: 80.49% and IL-17A: 77.27%). According to the present findings, there may be an association between peripheral serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23A and the pathophysiology and development of GAD. These altered serum IL-17A and IL-23A levels may play a role in directing the early risk of developing GAD. We recommend further research to ascertain their exact role in the pathophysiology and their performance as risk assessment markers of GAD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66131-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T06:03:54Z","timestamp":1719900234000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Altered serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-23A levels may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"family":"Mamun-or-Rashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. S. 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