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The purpose of this study was to determine\nthe breast cancer screening behavioral patterns and associated factors in women over\n40 years of age. In this descriptive\u2011analytical cross\u2011sectional study, 372 over 40 years of age\nwomen visiting health centers in Tabriz, Iran, in 2023 were enrolled using cluster sampling.\nThe data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, breast\ncancer perception scale, health literacy for Iranian adults scale, and the Breast Cancer\nScreening Behavior Checklist. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 using\ndescriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential\nstatistics (univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses). In total, 68.3% of all\nparticipants performed breast self\u2011examination (BSE) (9.9% regularly, once per month),\n60.2% underwent clinical breast examination (CBE) (8.9% regularly, twice per year),\n51.3% underwent mammography (12.3% regularly, once per year), and 36.2% underwent\nsonography (3.8% regularly, twice per year). The findings also showed that women with\nbenign breast diseases were more likely to undergo CBE (OR = 8.49; 95% CI 2.55 to 28.21;\nP &lt; 0.001), mammography (OR = 8.84; 95% CI 2.98 to 10; P &lt; 0.001), and sonography\n(OR = 18.84; 95% CI 6.40 to 53.33; P &lt; 0.001) than others. Participants with low and moderate\nbreast cancer perception scores were more likely to perform BSE than women with high\nbreast cancer perception scores (OR = 2.20; 95% CI 1.21 to 4.00; P = 0.009) and women who\nhad a history of benign breast disease were more likely to perform screening behaviors than\nothers (OR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.27 to 4.80; P = 0.008). Women between the ages of 50 and 59 were\nmore likely to undergo mammography (OR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.29 to 4.77; P = 0.008) and CBE\n(OR = 2.40; 95% CI 1.347 to 4.20; P = 0.003) than those \u2265 60 years. Given the low participation\nof women in regular breast cancer screening, it is suggested that health care providers\nhighlight the need for screening at the specified intervals in their training programs. In\naddition, health authorities are recommended to use reminder systems to remind women,\nespecially those over 40 years of age, of the best time for breast screening. Moreover, health\ncare providers must seek to improve breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions\nof women who visit health centers, which are the first level of contact with the healthcare\nsystem for the general population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66342-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T02:01:52Z","timestamp":1719972112000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Breast cancer screening patterns and associated factors in Iranian women over 40\u00a0years"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Elham","family":"Seyedkanani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Hosseinzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojgan","family":"Mirghafourvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Sheikhnezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"66342_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","volume":"68","author":"F Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray, F. et al. 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