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Studies have highlighted neuro-anatomical abnormalities in the visual processing stream but fail at quantifying these abnormalities at a functional level. To identify these deficits, we undertook a multi-center eye-tracking study where we recorded 210 sessions from 42 patients using a novel eye-tracking system that was made specifically for free-viewing in the (ICU); each session lasted 10\u00a0min and was labeled with the delirium status of the patient using the Confusion Assessment Method in ICU (CAM-ICU). To analyze this data, we formulate the task of visual attention as a hierarchical generative process that yields a probabilistic distribution of the location of the next fixation. This distribution can then be compared to the measured patient fixation producing a correctness score which is tallied compared across delirium status. This analysis demonstrated that the visual processing system of patients suffering from delirium is functionally restricted to a statistically significant degree. This is the first study to explore the potential mechanisms underpinning visual inattention in delirium and suggests a new target of future research into a disease process that affects one in four hospitalized patients with severe short and long-term consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66368-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1720443767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A prospective multi-center study quantifying visual inattention in delirium using generative models of the visual processing stream"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al-Hindawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Vizcaychipi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiannis","family":"Demiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"66368_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"European Delirium Association & American Delirium Society. 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