{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T14:17:33Z","timestamp":1781360253924,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CFB703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CFB703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibit a complex interconnection with immune dysfunction, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and activation of inflammatory pathways. This study aims to identify and validate critical butyrate metabolism-related shared genes between both UC and MASH. Clinical information and gene expression profiles were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Shared butyrate metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (sBM-DEGs) between UC and MASH were identified via various bioinformatics methods. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, and UC patients were categorized into subtypes using the consensus clustering algorithm based on sBM-DEGs. Key genes within sBM-DEGs were screened through Random Forest, Support Vector Machines-Recursive Feature Elimination, and Light Gradient Boosting. The diagnostic efficacy of these genes was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on independent datasets. Additionally, the expression levels of characteristic genes were validated across multiple independent datasets and human specimens. Forty-nine shared DEGs between UC and MASH were identified, with enrichment analysis highlighting significant involvement in immune, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways. The intersection of butyrate metabolism-related genes with these DEGs produced 10 sBM-DEGs. These genes facilitated the identification of molecular subtypes of UC patients using an unsupervised clustering approach. ANXA5, CD44, and SLC16A1 were pinpointed as hub genes through machine learning algorithms and feature importance rankings. ROC analysis confirmed their diagnostic efficacy in UC and MASH across various datasets. Additionally, the expression levels of these three hub genes showed significant correlations with immune cells. These findings were validated across independent datasets and human specimens, corroborating the bioinformatics analysis results. Integrated bioinformatics identified three significant biomarkers, ANXA5, CD44, and SLC16A1, as DEGs linked to butyrate metabolism. These findings offer new insights into the role of butyrate metabolism in the pathogenesis of UC and MASH, suggesting its potential as a valuable diagnostic biomarker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66574-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T13:03:19Z","timestamp":1720616599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Exploring the butyrate metabolism-related shared genes in metabolic associated steatohepatitis and ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Beiying","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengzhan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongbiao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiguo","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"66574_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.12.015","volume":"88","author":"K Kridin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kridin, K. & Ludwig, R. J. Isotretinoin and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome: A large-scale global study. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 88(4), 824\u2013830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.12.015 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32228","volume":"75","author":"JM Paik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paik, J. M. et al. Global burden of NAFLD and chronic liver disease among adolescents and young adults. Hepatology 75(5), 1204\u20131217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.32228 (2022).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","volume":"64","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younossi, Z. M. et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 64(1), 73\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.28431 (2016).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10290","key":"66574_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3","volume":"397","author":"EE Powell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Powell, E. E., Wong, V. W. S. & Rinella, M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Lancet 397(10290), 2212\u20132224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.01.028","volume":"18","author":"AN Ananthakrishnan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ananthakrishnan, A. N., Kaplan, G. G. & Ng, S. C. Changing global epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases: Sustaining health care delivery into the 21st century. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 18(6), 1252\u20131260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.01.028 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"66574_CR6","volume":"15","author":"S Onwuzo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Onwuzo, S. et al. Increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based study. Cureus 15(3), e35854 (2023).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"8","key":"66574_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000832","volume":"22","author":"T Bessissow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bessissow, T. et al. Incidence and predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by serum biomarkers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 22(8), 1937\u20131944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000832 (2016).","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"66574_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16879","volume":"55","author":"M Zamani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zamani, M., Alizadeh-Tabari, S., Singh, S. & Loomba, R. Meta-analysis: Prevalence of, and risk factors for, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 55(8), 894\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.16879 (2022).","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"34","key":"66574_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7727","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i34.7727","volume":"22","author":"CY Chao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chao, C. Y. et al. Co-existence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease: A review article. World J. Gastroenterol. 22(34), 7727\u20137734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v22.i34.7727 (2016).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"8","key":"66574_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.10.015","volume":"7","author":"A Sourianarayanane","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sourianarayanane, A. et al. Risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J. Crohns. Colitis. 7(8), e279\u2013e285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.10.015 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Crohns. Colitis."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-022-10424-6","volume":"17","author":"J Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, J. et al. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and liver function markers are associated with Crohn\u2019s disease but not Ulcerative Colitis: A prospective cohort study. Hepatol. Int. 17(1), 202\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12072-022-10424-6 (2023).","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"issue":"13","key":"66574_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3367","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15133367","volume":"15","author":"SJ Mart\u00ednez-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Dom\u00ednguez, S. J. et al. Liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review. Cancers (Basel) 15(13), 3367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers15133367 (2023).","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2021.00315","volume":"10","author":"MY Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, M. Y. et al. Premorbid steatohepatitis increases the seriousness of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol. 10(5), 847\u2013859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14218\/JCTH.2021.00315 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol."},{"key":"66574_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14245323","author":"L Abenavoli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abenavoli, L. et al. Gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A complex interplay. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14245323 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"66574_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00566-7","volume":"19","author":"CD Fuchs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fuchs, C. D. & Trauner, M. Role of bile acids and their receptors in gastrointestinal and hepatic pathophysiology. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 19(7), 432\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-021-00566-7 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02431-w","volume":"60","author":"W Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu, W. et al. A bridge for short-chain fatty acids to affect inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease positively: By changing gut barrier. Eur. J. Nutr. 60(5), 2317\u20132330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-020-02431-w (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i1.5","volume":"24","author":"ZH Shen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shen, Z. H. et al. Relationship between intestinal microbiota and ulcerative colitis: Mechanisms and clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation. World J. Gastroenterol. 24(1), 5\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v24.i1.5 (2018).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"66574_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259","volume":"166","author":"L Cui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cui, L. et al. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 166, 1035\u20131045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"8","key":"66574_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304833","volume":"63","author":"K Machiels","year":"2014","unstructured":"Machiels, K. et al. A decrease of the butyrate-producing species Roseburia hominis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gut. 63(8), 1275\u20131283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304833 (2014).","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"3","key":"66574_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-20-0018","volume":"245","author":"M Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng, M. et al. SCFAs alleviated steatosis and inflammation in mice with NASH induced by MCD. J Endocrinol. 245(3), 425\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/JOE-20-0018 (2020).","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"66574_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.004","volume":"76","author":"DA Fraser","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fraser, D. A. et al. A structurally engineered fatty acid, icosabutate, suppresses liver inflammation and fibrosis in NASH. J. Hepatol. 76(4), 800\u2013811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.004 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts034","volume":"28","author":"JT Leek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leek, J. T., Johnson, W. E., Parker, H. S., Jaffe, A. E. & Storey, J. D. The sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiments. Bioinformatics 28(6), 882\u2013883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts034 (2012).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","volume":"41","author":"DE Kleiner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kleiner, D. E. et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 41(6), 1313\u20131321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.20701 (2005).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"66574_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559","volume":"9","author":"P Langfelder","year":"2008","unstructured":"Langfelder, P. & Horvath, S. WGCNA: An R package for weighted correlation network analysis. BMC Bioinformatics 9, 559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559 (2008).","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"D1","key":"66574_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D587","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac963","volume":"51","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M., Furumichi, M., Sato, Y., Kawashima, M. & Ishiguro-Watanabe, M. KEGG for taxonomy-based analysis of pathways and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 51(D1), D587\u2013D592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkac963 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","volume":"16","author":"G Yu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yu, G., Wang, L. G., Han, Y. & He, Q. Y. clusterProfiler: An R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS 16(5), 284\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2011.0118 (2012).","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"issue":"43","key":"66574_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Subramanian, A. et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102(43), 15545\u201315550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0506580102 (2005).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"12","key":"66574_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq170","volume":"26","author":"MD Wilkerson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wilkerson, M. D. & Hayes, D. N. ConsensusClusterPlus: a class discovery tool with confidence assessments and item tracking. Bioinformatics 26(12), 1572\u20131573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq170 (2010).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"66574_CR29","unstructured":"GSVA: Gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data - PubMed. Accessed January 12, 2023. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23323831\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000525925","volume":"104","author":"A Andoh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andoh, A. & Nishida, A. Alteration of the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease. Digestion 104(1), 16\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000525925 (2023).","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0269-9","volume":"17","author":"J Aron-Wisnewsky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aron-Wisnewsky, J. et al. Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: Disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 17(5), 279\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-020-0269-9 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18497","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44853-6","volume":"13","author":"W Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, W. et al. Shared biomarkers and immune cell infiltration signatures in ulcerative colitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci. Rep. 13(1), 18497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-44853-6 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3278","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25063278","volume":"25","author":"R Maresca","year":"2024","unstructured":"Maresca, R. et al. Inflammatory bowel diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Piecing a complex puzzle together. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 25(6), 3278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25063278 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"66574_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy182","volume":"24","author":"L Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou, L. et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii produces butyrate to maintain Th17\/Treg balance and to ameliorate colorectal colitis by inhibiting histone deacetylase 1. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 24(9), 1926\u20131940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izy182 (2018).","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"6351","key":"66574_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam9949","volume":"357","author":"MX Byndloss","year":"2017","unstructured":"Byndloss, M. X. et al. Microbiota-activated PPAR-\u03b3 signaling inhibits dysbiotic Enterobacteriaceae expansion. Science 357(6351), 570\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aam9949 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"66574_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215857","volume":"547","author":"A Woodward","year":"2022","unstructured":"Woodward, A., Faria, G. & Harrison, R. G. Annexin A5 as a targeting agent for cancer treatment. Cancer Lett. 547, 215857 (2022).","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"66574_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2021.02.025","volume":"518","author":"W Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, W. et al. The ABCA1-efferocytosis axis: A new strategy to protect against atherosclerosis. Clin. Chim. Acta. 518, 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2021.02.025 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta."},{"key":"66574_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101634","volume":"36","author":"F Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu, F. et al. Annexin A5 regulates hepatic macrophage polarization via directly targeting PKM2 and ameliorates NASH. Redox Biol. 36, 101634 (2020).","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"66574_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236610","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1236610","volume":"11","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, Y., Xu, M., Zhu, Z., Xu, F. & Chen, B. Transendothelial electrical resistance measurement by a microfluidic device for functional study of endothelial barriers in inflammatory bowel disease. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 11, 1236610 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00626-z","volume":"6","author":"X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Phosphatidylserine externalized on the colonic capillaries as a novel pharmacological target for IBD therapy. Signal Transduct. Target Ther. 6(1), 235 (2021).","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"66574_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2022.02.002","volume":"33","author":"X Weng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weng, X., Maxwell-Warburton, S., Hasib, A., Ma, L. & Kang, L. The membrane receptor CD44: Novel insights into metabolism. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 33(5), 318\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2022.02.002 (2022).","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"66574_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.003","volume":"67","author":"S Patouraux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patouraux, S. et al. CD44 is a key player in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 67(2), 328\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.003 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"66574_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-22-0194","author":"L Wiering","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wiering, L. & Tacke, F. Treating inflammation to combat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/JOE-22-0194 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065247","volume":"8","author":"CE Egan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Egan, C. E. et al. CCR2 and CD44 promote inflammatory cell recruitment during fatty liver formation in a lithogenic diet fed mouse model. PLoS One 8(6), e65247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0065247 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"66574_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2021.155474","volume":"142","author":"X Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang, X. et al. Lipid-injured hepatocytes release sOPN to improve macrophage migration via CD44 engagement and pFak-NF\u03baB signaling. Cytokine 142, 155474 (2021).","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"10","key":"66574_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1957-7","volume":"10","author":"H Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote healing via TNF-\u03b1-stimulated gene-6 in inflammatory bowel disease models. Cell Death Dis. 10(10), 718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-019-1957-7 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"66574_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2301585","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202301585","volume":"35","author":"X Song","year":"2023","unstructured":"Song, X. et al. Efficient therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with highly specific and durable targeted Ta(2) C modified with chondroitin sulfate (TACS). Adv. Mater. 35, e2301585 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"66574_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12082014","volume":"12","author":"I Frani\u0107","year":"2022","unstructured":"Frani\u0107, I. et al. Expression of CD44 in leukocyte subpopulations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 12(8), 2014 (2022).","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"20","key":"66574_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407778","volume":"371","author":"PM van Hasselt","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Hasselt, P. M. et al. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 deficiency and ketone utilization. N. Engl. J. Med. 371(20), 1900\u20131907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1407778 (2014).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.008","volume":"78","author":"A Hadjihambi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hadjihambi, A. et al. Partial MCT1 invalidation protects against diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the associated brain dysfunction. J. Hepatol. 78(1), 180\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.008 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"66574_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.10.005","volume":"6","author":"L Carneiro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carneiro, L. et al. AMPK activation caused by reduced liver lactate metabolism protects against hepatic steatosis in MCT1 haploinsufficient mice. Mol. Metab. 6(12), 1625\u20131633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.10.005 (2017).","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21894","volume":"18","author":"V De Preter","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Preter, V. et al. Impaired butyrate oxidation in ulcerative colitis is due to decreased butyrate uptake and a defect in the oxidation pathway. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 18(6), 1127\u20131136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ibd.21894 (2012).","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"66574_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.06.011","volume":"99","author":"RM Stilling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stilling, R. M. et al. The neuropharmacology of butyrate: The bread and butter of the microbiota-gut-brain axis?. Neurochem. Int. 99, 110\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.06.011 (2016).","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"66574_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2018.09.024","volume":"108","author":"P Erdmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Erdmann, P. et al. Dysregulation of mucosal membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes in ulcerative colitis. J. Pharm. Sci. 108(2), 1035\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2018.09.024 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"66574_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-016-0500-x","volume":"16","author":"M Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, M. et al. Butyrate inhibits interleukin-17 and generates Tregs to ameliorate colorectal colitis in rats. BMC Gastroenterol. 16(1), 84. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-016-0500-x (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"12","key":"66574_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1405","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00543.2011","volume":"302","author":"MA Zimmerman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zimmerman, M. A. et al. Butyrate suppresses colonic inflammation through HDAC1-dependent Fas upregulation and Fas-mediated apoptosis of T cells. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 302(12), G1405-1415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00543.2011 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"7480","key":"66574_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12721","volume":"504","author":"Y Furusawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Furusawa, Y. et al. Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature 504(7480), 446\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12721 (2013).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"66574_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz046","volume":"25","author":"L Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen, L. et al. Microbiota metabolite butyrate differentially regulates Th1 and Th17 cells\u2019 differentiation and function in induction of colitis. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 25(9), 1450\u20131461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izz046 (2019).","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"66574_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104435","volume":"25","author":"C Macchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Macchi, C. et al. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 deficiency impacts CD8+ T lymphocytes proliferation and recruitment to adipose tissue during obesity. iScience 25(6), 104435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104435 (2022).","journal-title":"iScience"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-66574-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-66574-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-66574-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T17:04:10Z","timestamp":1720890250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-66574-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["66574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-66574-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15949"}}