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Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between fasting serum sex hormones and CT-derived abdominal muscle area and radiodensity in adult men. Conducted as a cross sectional observational study using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, our analyses focused on a community-based sample of 907 men aged 45\u201384\u00a0years, with 878 men having complete data. CT scans of the abdomen were interrogated for muscle characteristics, and multivariable linear regressions were used to test the associations. After adjustment for relevant factors, higher levels of both total testosterone and estradiol were associated with higher abdominal muscle area (1.74, 0.1\u20133.4, and 1.84, 0.4\u20133.3, respectively). In the final analyses, levels of total testosterone showed a positive association, while an inverse relationship was observed for SHBG with abdominal muscle radiodensity (0.3, 0.0\u20130.6, and \u2212\u20090.33, \u2212\u20090.6 to \u2212\u20090.1, respectively). Our results indicate a complex association between sex hormones and abdominal muscle characteristics in men. Specifically, total testosterone and estradiol were associated with abdominal muscle area, while only total testosterone was associated with muscle radiodensity and SHBG was inversely associated with muscle radiodensity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Clinical Trial<\/jats:italic>\n                    : NCT00005487\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66948-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T06:01:53Z","timestamp":1720764113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Levels of\u00a0Sex Hormones and Abdominal Muscle\u00a0Composition in Men\u00a0from The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2774-0194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amar","family":"Osmancevic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Miljkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal A.","family":"Vella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Trimpou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bledar","family":"Daka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"66948_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.739714","volume":"117","author":"C Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang, C., Rexrode, K. 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