{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:55:13Z","timestamp":1791258913155,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nagasaki University\u2014LSHTM PhD studentship","award":["WISE programme of MEXT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WISE programme of MEXT"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP18KK0248 and JP19H01080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18KK0248 and JP19H01080"]}]},{"name":"JICA\/AMED joint research project","award":["20JM0110020H0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JM0110020H0002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/Y018842\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/Y018842\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRC IAA2129, MR\/R026297\/1, and MR\/X005895\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRC IAA2129, MR\/R026297\/1, and MR\/X005895\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    East African countries accounted for\u2009~\u200910% of all malaria prevalence worldwide in 2022, with an estimated 23.8 million cases and\u2009&gt;\u200953,000 deaths. Despite recent increases in malaria incidence, high-resolution genome-wide analyses of\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasite populations are sparse in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The Kenyan-Ugandan border region is a particular concern, with Uganda confirming the emergence and spread of artemisinin resistant\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasites. To establish genomic surveillance along the Kenyan-Ugandan border and analyse\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    population dynamics within East Africa, we generated whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for 38 parasites from Bungoma, Western Kenya. These sequences were integrated into a genomic analysis of available East African isolate data (n\u2009=\u2009599) and revealed parasite subpopulations with distinct genetic structure and diverse ancestral origins. Ancestral admixture analysis of these subpopulations alongside isolates from across Africa (n\u2009=\u2009365) suggested potential independent ancestral populations from other major African populations. Within isolates from Western Kenya, the prevalence of biomarkers associated with chloroquine resistance (e.g.\n                    <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n                    K76T) were significantly reduced compared to wider East African populations and a single isolate contained the\n                    <jats:italic>PfK13<\/jats:italic>\n                    V568I variant, potentially linked to reduced susceptibility to artemisinin. Overall, our work provides baseline WGS data and analysis for future malaria genomic surveillance in the region.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67623-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T03:02:48Z","timestamp":1722826968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Plasmodium falciparum population dynamics in East Africa and genomic surveillance along the Kenya-Uganda border"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ashley","family":"Osborne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Ma\u0144ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Waweru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Kita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Campino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Gitaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taane G.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"67623_CR1","unstructured":"Geneva: World Health Organization (2022) World malaria report 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"},{"key":"67623_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30700-3","volume":"21","author":"DJ Weiss","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weiss, D. J. et al. Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on malaria intervention coverage, morbidity, and mortality in Africa: A geospatial modelling analysis. Lancet. Infect. Dis 21, 59\u201369 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"67623_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2012.013","author":"S Antinori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Antinori, S., Galimberti, L., Milazzo, L. & Corbellino, M. Biology of human malaria plasmodia including Plasmodium knowlesi. Mediterr. J. Hematol. Infect. Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4084\/MJHID.2012.013 (2012).","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Hematol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"67623_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55437-8","volume":"9","author":"W Kagaya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kagaya, W. et al. Malaria resurgence after significant reduction by mass drug administration on Ngodhe Island, Kenya. Sci. Rep. 9, 1\u201311 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"67623_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19809","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99192-1","volume":"11","author":"A Osborne","year":"2021","unstructured":"Osborne, A. et al. Characterizing the genomic variation and population dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in and around Lake Victoria Kenya. Sci. Rep. 11, 19809 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"67623_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0383","volume":"95","author":"FM Mulenge","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mulenge, F. M. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in lake victoria islands, a region of intense transmission. Am. J. Trop Med. Hyg. 95, 1077\u20131085 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop Med. Hyg."},{"key":"67623_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032725","author":"N Minakawa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Minakawa, N., Dida, G. O., Sonye, G. O., Futami, K. & Njenga, S. M. Malaria vectors in Lake Victoria and adjacent habitats in Western Kenya. PLoS One https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0032725 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"67623_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101746","volume":"385","author":"B Balikagala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balikagala, B. et al. Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa. N. Engl. J. Med. 385, 1163\u20131171 (2021).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"67623_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav5427","volume":"365","author":"A Amambua-Ngwa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amambua-Ngwa, A. et al. Major subpopulations of Plasmodium falciparum in sub-Saharan Africa. Science 365, 813\u2013816 (2019).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"67623_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03763-6","volume":"20","author":"BB Agaba","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agaba, B. B. et al. Genetic diversity and genetic relatedness in Plasmodium falciparum parasite population in individuals with uncomplicated malaria based on microsatellite typing in Eastern and Western regions of Uganda, 2019\u20132020. Malar. J. 20, 242 (2021).","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"67623_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13223","volume":"24","author":"D Nderu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nderu, D. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in Kenyan-Ugandan border areas. Trop. Med. Int. Health 24, 647\u2013656 (2019).","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"67623_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-1003-x","volume":"14","author":"W Gatei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gatei, W. et al. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasite by microsatellite markers after scale-up of insecticide-treated bed nets in western Kenya. Malar. J. 14, 495 (2015).","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"67623_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15706","volume":"30","author":"KA Moser","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moser, K. A. et al. Describing the current status of Plasmodium falciparum population structure and drug resistance within mainland Tanzania using molecular inversion probes. Mol. Ecol. 30, 100\u2013113 (2021).","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"67623_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7067","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1505691112","volume":"112","author":"RF Daniels","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daniels, R. F. et al. Modeling malaria genomics reveals transmission decline and rebound in Senegal. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112, 7067\u20137072 (2015).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"67623_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.18681.1","volume":"8","author":"MM Abdel Hamid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdel Hamid, M. M. et al. Pf7: An open dataset of Plasmodium falciparum genome variation in 20,000 worldwide samples. Wellcome Open Res. 8, 22 (2023).","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res."},{"key":"67623_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.1043","volume":"77","author":"D Zhong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhong, D. et al. Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity in western Kenya highlands. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 77, 1043\u20131050 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"67623_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-110711-155534","volume":"46","author":"SR Browning","year":"2012","unstructured":"Browning, S. R. & Browning, B. L. Identity by Descent between distant relatives: Detection and applications. Annu. Rev. Genet. 46, 617\u2013633 (2012).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"67623_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007065","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007065","volume":"13","author":"AR Taylor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taylor, A. R. et al. Quantifying connectivity between local Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite populations using identity by descent. PLOS Genet. 13, e1007065 (2017).","journal-title":"PLOS Genet."},{"key":"67623_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02093","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02093-20","volume":"11","author":"C Cal\u00e7ada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cal\u00e7ada, C. et al. Expansion of a Specific Plasmodium falciparum PfMDR1 haplotype in Southeast Asia with increased substrate transport. mBio 11, e02093-e2120 (2020).","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"67623_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009268","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009268","volume":"16","author":"A Turkiewicz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Turkiewicz, A. et al. Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum GTP-cyclohydrolase 1, dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes reveals new insights into sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine antimalarial drug resistance. PLOS Genet. 16, e1009268 (2020).","journal-title":"PLOS Genet."},{"key":"67623_CR21","volume-title":"Compendium of WHO malaria guidance: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, surveillance and elimination","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Compendium of WHO malaria guidance: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, surveillance and elimination (World Health Organization, 2019)."},{"key":"67623_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.203","volume":"77","author":"C Goodman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Goodman, C. et al. Medicine sellers and malaria treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 77, 203\u2013218 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"67623_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu216","volume":"210","author":"AEP Frosch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Frosch, A. E. P. et al. Return of widespread chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum to Malawi. J. Infect. Dis. 210, 1110\u20131114 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"67623_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1637-3","volume":"15","author":"S Mwanza","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mwanza, S. et al. The return of chloroquine-susceptible Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Zambia. Malar. J. 15, 584 (2016).","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"67623_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1086\/375419","volume":"187","author":"JG Kublin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kublin, J. G. et al. Reemergence of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum malaria after cessation of chloroquine use in Malawi. J. Infect. Dis. 187, 1870\u20131875 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"67623_CR26","unstructured":"Geneva: World Health Organization (2020) Report on antimalarial drug efficacy, resistance and response: 10 years of surveillance (2010\u2013 2019). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"},{"key":"67623_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1172257","volume":"324","author":"SA Tishkoff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tishkoff, S. A. et al. The Genetic structure and history of Africans and African Americans. Science 324, 1035\u20131044 (2009).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"67623_CR28","unstructured":"Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (2019) 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Results."},{"key":"67623_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021853700034101","volume":"36","author":"J Vansina","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vansina, J. New linguistic evidence and \u2018The Bantu Expansion\u2019. J. Afr. Hist. 36, 173\u2013195 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Afr. Hist."},{"key":"67623_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.05.008","volume":"47","author":"DE Loy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Loy, D. E. et al. Out of Africa: origins and evolution of the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Int. J. Parasitol. 47, 87\u201397 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"67623_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09442","volume":"467","author":"W Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu, W. et al. Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in gorillas. Nature 467, 420\u2013425 (2010).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"67623_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal1988","volume":"356","author":"E Patin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patin, E. et al. Dispersals and genetic adaptation of Bantu-speaking populations in Africa and North America. Science 356, 543\u2013546 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"67623_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199846733-0029","author":"R Ginio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ginio, R. & Sessions, J. French colonial rule. Afr. Stud. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199846733-0029 (2016).","journal-title":"Afr. Stud."},{"key":"67623_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009969","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009969","volume":"17","author":"M Diehl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Diehl, M. et al. Co-chaperone involvement in knob biogenesis implicates host-derived chaperones in malaria virulence. PLOS Pathog. 17, e1009969 (2021).","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog."},{"key":"67623_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan1478","volume":"358","author":"AS Nasamu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nasamu, A. S. et al. Plasmepsins IX and X are essential and druggable mediators of malaria parasite egress and invasion. Science 358, 518\u2013522 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"67623_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04287-3","volume":"21","author":"T Chiuya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chiuya, T. et al. Molecular screening reveals non-uniform malaria transmission in western Kenya and absence of Rickettsia africae and selected arboviruses in hospital patients. Malar. J. 21, 268 (2022).","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"67623_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.5.2435-2440.2005","volume":"43","author":"KA Mangold","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mangold, K. A. et al. Real-Time PCR for detection and identification of Plasmodium spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43, 2435\u20132440 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"67623_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa015","volume":"37","author":"BQ Minh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Minh, B. Q. et al. IQ-TREE 2: New Models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Mol. Biol. Evol. 37, 1530\u20131534 (2020).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"67623_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl529","volume":"23","author":"I Letunic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Letunic, I. & Bork, P. Interactive tree of life (iTOL): An online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation. Bioinformatics 23, 127\u2013128 (2007).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"67623_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx100","volume":"33","author":"P Danecek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Danecek, P. & McCarthy, S. A. BCFtools\/csq: Haplotype-aware variant consequences. Bioinformatics 33, 2037\u20132039 (2017).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"67623_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2500-5","volume":"17","author":"DA Pfeffer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pfeffer, D. A. et al. malariaAtlas: An R interface to global malariometric data hosted by the Malaria atlas project. Malar. J. 17, 352 (2018).","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"67623_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12471","volume":"16","author":"K Caye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caye, K., Deist, T. M., Martins, H., Michel, O. & Fran\u00e7ois, O. TESS3: Fast inference of spatial population structure and genome scans for selection. Mol. Ecol. Res. 16, 540\u2013548 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol. Res."},{"key":"67623_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1214\/17-AOAS1106","volume":"12","author":"K Caye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caye, K., Jay, F., Michel, O. & Fran\u00e7ois, O. Fast inference of individual admixture coefficients using geographic data. Ann. Appl. Stat. 12, 586\u2013608 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Stat."},{"key":"67623_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5029","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13822","volume":"25","author":"H Martins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martins, H., Caye, K., Luu, K., Blum, M. G. B. & Fran\u00e7ois, O. Identifying outlier loci in admixed and in continuous populations using ancestral population differentiation statistics. Mol. Ecol. 25, 5029\u20135042 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"67623_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wickham H. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis, 2nd ed. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4 (Springer, 2016).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4"},{"key":"67623_CR46","first-page":"297","volume":"1","author":"T Hastie","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hastie, T. & Tibshirani, R. Generalized additive models. Stat. Sci. 1, 297\u2013310 (1986).","journal-title":"Stat. Sci."},{"key":"67623_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119115151","volume-title":"Statistics for spatial data","author":"NAC Cressie","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cressie, N. A. C. Statistics for spatial data Rev. (Wiley, 1993).","edition":"Rev"},{"key":"67623_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11174","volume":"487","author":"M Manske","year":"2012","unstructured":"Manske, M. et al. Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum diversity in natural infections by deep sequencing. Nature 487, 375\u2013379 (2012).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"67623_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"hmmIBD: software to infer pairwise identity by descent between haploid genotypes | Malaria Journal | Full Text. https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-018-2349-7. Accessed 28 Apr 2021","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2349-7"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-67623-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-67623-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-67623-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T03:04:02Z","timestamp":1722827042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-67623-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["67623"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-67623-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18051"}}