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In this study, Na<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG were simultaneously imaged using the Compton-PET system, in vivo. The angular resolution and sensitivity of the Compton camera with 356 keV gamma ray measured using a <jats:sup>133<\/jats:sup>Ba point source were 12.3\u00b0 and 2\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>, respectively. The spatial resolution and sensitivity of PET were measured with a <jats:sup>22<\/jats:sup>Na point source. The transaxial and axial spatial resolutions of the PET at the center of the FOV were 1.15 mm and 2.04 mm, respectively. Its sensitivity was 1.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>. In-vivo images of the <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F and <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I isotopes were simultaneously acquired from mice. These showed that <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG was active in the heart, brown fat, and brain, while Na<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I was active in the thyroid, stomach, and bladder. Artifacts were found in the Compton camera images when the activity of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I was much lower than that of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F. 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