{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T03:32:04Z","timestamp":1786591924855,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the most common diagnoses for adults and children with respiratory tract inflammation. Recently, a novel fixed dose combination consisting of Ipratropium and Fenoterol has been released for the management and control of the symptoms of such disorders. The current research has newly developed and\u00a0optimized\u00a0three smart, accurate,\u00a0simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly spectrophotometric methods that enabled the simultaneous determination of the drugs under study in their combined inhaler dosage form, without the need for any previous separation steps, using water as a green solvent. The strategy employed was based on\u00a0calculating one\u00a0or two factors as a numerical spectrum or constant, which\u00a0provided the\u00a0complete removal of any component in the mixture that might overlap and the mathematical filtration of the targeted analyte. The methods developed could be classified into two\u00a0types\u00a0of spectrophotometric windows. Window I; involved absorption spectrum in their original zero-order forms (\u00b0D), which included recently designed methods named induced concentration subtraction (ICS) and induced dual wavelength (IDW). While window III focused on the ratio spectrum as the\u00a0induced amplitude modulation (IAM) method. The extremely low absorptivity and lack of distinct absorption maximum in the zero-order absorption spectrum of Ipratropium were two intrinsic challenges that were better overcome by the proposed spectrophotometric methods than by the conventionally used ones. According to ICH guidelines, the proposed methods were validated using unified regression over range 2.0\u201340.0 \u00b5g\/mL in the ICS method, while the linearity ranges for the IDW and IAM methods were 5.0\u201340.0 \u00b5g\/mL of Ipratropium and 2.0\u201340.0 \u00b5g\/mL of Fenoterol. Moreover, the three proposed methods were effectively used to assay the co-formulated marketed inhaler and further expanded to confirm the delivered dose uniformity\u00a0in compliance with the USP guidelines. Finally, the established methods were evaluated for their greenness and blueness, in comparison to the official and reported analysis methods, using advanced cutting edge software metrics. Furthermore, the suggested techniques adhered well to the white analytical chemistry postulates that were recently published.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72431-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T03:46:05Z","timestamp":1727495165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Intelligent spectrophotometric resolution platforms for the challenging spectra of ipratropium and fenoterol in their combination inhaler with ecological friendliness assessment"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Salma N.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samah S.","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"Fayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda M.","family":"Marzouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"72431_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/publichealth.9930","author":"RM Turner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Turner, R. M., DePietro, M. & Ding, B. Overlap of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients in the United States: Analysis of prevalence, features, and subtypes. JMIR Public Health Surveill https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/publichealth.9930 (2018).","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"72431_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI36130","author":"PJ Barnes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barnes, P. J. The cytokine network in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J. Clin. Investig. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI36130 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"72431_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464150-00005","author":"F K\u00e4ssner","year":"2004","unstructured":"K\u00e4ssner, F., Hodder, R. & Bateman, E. D. A review of ipratropium bromide\/ fenoterol hydrobromide (Berodual \u00ae ) delivered via respimat \u00ae soft MistTM inhaler in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Drugs https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003495-200464150-00005 (2004).","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"12","key":"72431_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.589837","volume":"12","author":"RO Salama","year":"2011","unstructured":"Salama, R. O. et al. Advances in drug delivery: Is triple therapy the future for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 12(12), 1913\u20131932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14656566.2011.589837 (2011).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"1","key":"72431_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.106636","volume":"106","author":"T Katsunuma","year":"2000","unstructured":"Katsunuma, T. et al. \u03b2-Adrenergic agonists and bronchial hyperreactivity: Role of \u03b22- adrenergic and tachykinin neurokinin-2 receptors. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 106(1), S104\u2013S108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mai.2000.106636 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"72431_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/0731-7085(94)E0006-M","volume":"12","author":"GA Jacobson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jacobson, G. A. & Peterson, G. M. High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the simultaneous determination of ipratropium bromide, fenoterol, salbutamol and terbutaline in nebulizer solution. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 12(6), 825\u2013832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0731-7085(94)E0006-M (1994).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"72431_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200505-047SR","author":"JF Donohue","year":"2005","unstructured":"Donohue, J. F. Combination therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Clinical aspects. Proc. Am. Thoracic Soc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/pats.200505-047SR (2005).","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Thoracic Soc."},{"key":"72431_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.58837\/CHULA.CMJ.65.2.15","volume":"65","author":"K Kawkitinarong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawkitinarong, K., Ananpipatkul, A., Sae-Eao, N., Asawawichienchinda, T. & Sirichana, W. Effects of fenoterol\/ipratropium bromide on FEV1 and hyperinflation in Thai COPD patients. Chulalongkorn Med. J. 65, 211\u2013218 (2021).","journal-title":"Chulalongkorn Med. J."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"72431_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1159\/000195150","volume":"50","author":"E Huhti","year":"1986","unstructured":"Huhti, E. & Poukkula, A. Comparison of fenoterol, ipratropium bromide, and their combination in patients with asthma or chronic airflow obstruction. Respiration 50(Suppl. 2), 298\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000195150 (1986).","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"72431_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2019.01.058","volume":"213","author":"MR Rezk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rezk, M. R., Monir, H. H. & Marzouk, H. M. Spectrophotometric assessment of the brand new antiviral combination: Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in their pure forms and pharmaceutical formulation. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 213, 159\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2019.01.058 (2019).","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-023-01046-6","author":"YA Sharaf","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharaf, Y. A., Abd El-Fattah, M. H., El-Sayed, H. M. & Hegazy, M. A. Spectrophotometric determination of favipiravir in presence of its acid hydrolysis product. BMC Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13065-023-01046-6 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2023.123650","volume":"307","author":"Y Rostom","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rostom, Y., Rezk, M. R., Wadie, M., Abdel-Moety, E. M. & Marzouk, H. M. State-of-the-art mathematically induced filtration approaches for smart spectrophotometric assessment of silodosin and solifenacin mixture in their new challenging formulation: Multi-tool greenness and whiteness evaluation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 307, 123650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2023.123650 (Feb.2024).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"72431_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1061934823090083","author":"HM Marzouk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marzouk, H. M., Ayish, N. S., El-Zeany, B. A. & Fayed, A. S. Green spectrophotometric resolution platforms of spectrally overlapping signals of antihypertensive ternary pharmaceutical formulation: Application to content uniformity testing. J. Anal. Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1134\/S1061934823090083 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2023.109581","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., El-Hanboushy, S., Fayez, Y. M., Abdelkawy, M. & Marzouk, H. M. Computational intelligence spectrophotometric scenarios for screening and quantification of single-dose triple therapy banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency in some sports. Microchem. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microc.2023.109581 (2024).","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"72431_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121523","author":"S El-Hanboushy","year":"2022","unstructured":"El-Hanboushy, S., Marzouk, H. M., Fayez, Y. M., Abdelkawy, M. & Lotfy, H. M. Eco-friendly spectrophotometric evaluation of triple-combination therapies in the treatment strategy of patients suffering from hypertension during coronavirus pandemic \u2013 Spectralprint recognition study. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121523 (2022).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.104905","author":"MA Tantawy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tantawy, M. A., Weshahy, S. A., Wadie, M. & Rezk, M. R. Stability-indicating HPTLC method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of alfuzosin hydrochloride, solifenacin succinate along with four of their official impurities. Microchem. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microc.2020.104905 (2020).","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"72431_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-023-01015-z","author":"HM Marzouk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marzouk, H. M. et al. Sustainable chromatographic quantitation of multi-antihypertensive medications: application on diverse combinations containing hydrochlorothiazide along with LC\u2013MS\/MS profiling of potential impurities: greenness and whiteness evaluation. BMC Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13065-023-01015-z (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2023.109815","author":"HM Marzouk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marzouk, H. M., Gouda, A. S., Rezk, M. R. & Abdel-Megied, A. M. A validated LC-MS\/MS method for determination of Molnupiravir and Favipiravir in human plasma; Assessment of the remarkable potential synergistic effect against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Egyptian volunteers. Microchem. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microc.2023.109815 (2024).","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"72431_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121256","author":"DA Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed, D. A. & Lotfy, H. M. Sticking - pulling strategy for assessment of combined medicine for management of tough symptoms in COVID-19 Pandemic using different windows of spectrophotometric Platform-Counterfeit products\u2019 detection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121256 (2022).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"72431_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2023.122737","author":"OG Hussein","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hussein, O. G., Rostom, Y., Abdelkawy, M., Rezk, M. R. & Ahmed, D. A. Spectrophotometric platform windows\u2019 exploitation for the green determination of Alcaftadine in presence of its oxidative degradation product. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2023.122737 (2023).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR21","volume-title":"Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences","author":"H Lotfy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lotfy, H., Saleh, S., Rostom, Y., Obaydo, R. & Ahmed, D. Advanced Approaches in Green Univariate Spectrophotometric Methods. In Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences (eds Shah, K. et al.) (Wiley, 2023)."},{"key":"72431_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.10.067","author":"B B\u00e1nfai","year":"2007","unstructured":"B\u00e1nfai, B., Ganzler, K. & Kem\u00e9ny, S. Content uniformity and assay requirements in current regulations. J. Chromatogr A https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.10.067 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr A"},{"key":"72431_CR23","first-page":"2295","volume":"5","author":"V Abbirami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abbirami, V., Sainithya, P., Shobana, A., Ramya Devi, D. & Vedha Hari, B. A review on in-vitro bioequivalence studies and its methodologies. Int. J. Chemtech Res. 5, 2295\u20132302 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Chemtech Res."},{"key":"72431_CR24","unstructured":"British Pharmacopoeia, Vol. II, The Stationary Office, London-UK, (2022)."},{"key":"72431_CR25","unstructured":"FDA, Guidance for Industry (2018). Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) and Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) Products-Quality Considerations. US department of health and human services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/metered-dose-inhaler-mdi-and-dry-powder-inhaler-dpi-drug-products-quality-considerations, (2018)."},{"key":"72431_CR26","unstructured":"Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP), Guideline on the Pharmaceutical Quality of Inhalation and Nasal Products, in: EMEA\/CHMP\/QWP\/49313\/2005, 2006. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/guideline-pharmaceutical-quality-inhalation-and-nasal-products_en.pdf."},{"key":"72431_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2022.100806","author":"S El-Hanboushy","year":"2022","unstructured":"El-Hanboushy, S., Marzouk, H. M., Fayez, Y. M., Abdelkawy, M. & Lotfy, H. M. Sustainable spectrophotometric determination of antihypertensive medicines reducing COVID-19 risk via paired wavelength data processing technique - Assessment of purity, greenness and whiteness. Sustain. Chem. Pharm. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scp.2022.100806 (2022).","journal-title":"Sustain. Chem. Pharm."},{"key":"72431_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15260","author":"Z Kayali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kayali, Z., Obaydo, R. H. & Alhaj Sakur, A. Spider diagram and sustainability evaluation of UV-methods strategy for quantification of aspirin and sildenafil citrate in the presence of salicylic acid in their bulk and formulation. Heliyon https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15260 (2023).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"72431_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121036","author":"SS Saleh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saleh, S. S., Lotfy, H. M., Tiris, G., Erk, N. & El-Naem, O. A. The power of High Impact Amplitude Manipulation (HIAM) technique for extracting the basic spectra of two Fixed-dose combinations (FDC) -Spectrophotometric purity analysis via spectral contrast angle. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121036 (2022).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22297928.2017.1279985","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Fayez, Y. M., Tawakkol, S. M., Fahmy, N. M. & Shehata, M. A. E. A. Spectrophotometric determination for the binary mixture of clotrimazole and dexamethasone in pharmaceutical dosage form. Anal. Chem. Lett. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22297928.2017.1279985 (2017).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"72431_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2015.04.004","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Hegazy, M. A., Rezk, M. R. & Omran, Y. R. Comparative study of novel versus conventional two-wavelength spectrophotometric methods for analysis of spectrally overlapping binary mixture. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2015.04.004 (2015).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-017-0270-8","author":"EH Mohamed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mohamed, E. H., Lotfy, H. M., Hegazy, M. A. & Mowaka, S. Different applications of isosbestic points, normalized spectra and dual wavelength as powerful tools for resolution of multicomponent mixtures with severely overlapping spectra. Chem. Cent. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13065-017-0270-8 (2017).","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"72431_CR33","first-page":"741","volume":"6","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M. Absorbance subtraction and amplitude modulation as novel spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of binary mixtures. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 6, 741 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"72431_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2014.02.005","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Hegazy, M. A., Rezk, M. R. & Omran, Y. R. Novel spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of timolol and dorzolamide in their binary mixture. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2014.02.005 (2014).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc"},{"key":"72431_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2014.01.130","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Saleh, S. S., Hassan, N. Y. & Salem, H. A comparative study of novel spectrophotometric methods based on isosbestic points; Application on a pharmaceutical ternary mixture. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2014.01.130 (2014).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2019.117322","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Ahmed, D. A., Abd El-Rahman, M. K. & Weshahy, S. A. Smart Spectral Processing of Data for the estimation of Commonly Used Over-the-counter (OTC) Co-formulated drug; Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and Ibuprofen. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2019.117322 (2019).","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22297928.2018.1436003","author":"SS Saleh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saleh, S. S. & Riad, S. M. Analytical investigation on green smart spectrophotometric methods utilizing unified regression equation. Anal. Chem. Lett. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22297928.2018.1436003 (2018).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"72431_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420039917","author":"TJ Bruno","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bruno, T. J. & Svoronos, P. D. N. CRC Handbook of Basic Tables for Chemical Analysis. CRC Handbook Basic Tables Chem. Anal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781420039917 (2003).","journal-title":"CRC Handbook Basic Tables Chem. Anal."},{"key":"72431_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.123046","author":"M Sajid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sajid, M. & P\u0142otka-Wasylka, J. Green analytical chemistry metrics: A review. Talanta https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.123046 (2022).","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"72431_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4gc01149j","author":"D Prat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prat, D., Hayler, J. & Wells, A. A survey of solvent selection guides. Green Chem https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4gc01149j (2014).","journal-title":"Green Chem"},{"key":"72431_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05289","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M. & Mohamed, E. H. Induced mathematical filtration as an innovative strategy for discrimination and estimation of glycemic control drugs in fixed dose combination. Heliyon https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05289 (2020).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"72431_CR42","unstructured":"M. S. Nasr et al., Eco-Friendly Analytical Approaches for the Quantification of Molnupiravir and Favipiravir Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis and Derivative Ratio Spectrophotometry: Greenness, Blueness, and Whiteness Evaluation https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4623559, (2012)."},{"key":"72431_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2014.10.084","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Saleh, S. S., Hassan, N. Y. & Salem, H. Novel two wavelength spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of binary mixtures with severely overlapping spectra. Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2014.10.084 (2015).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2020.119080","author":"Y Rostom","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rostom, Y. et al. Trade-off efficacy and data processing strategy in the power of spectral resolution of co-formulated antihypertensive pharmaceuticals. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2020.119080 (2021).","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01669","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Ahmed, D. A., Abdel Rahman, M. K. & Weshahy, S. A. F. Study of efficiency and spectral resolution for mathematical filtration technique using novel unlimited derivative ratio and classical univariate spectrophotometric methods for the multicomponent determination-stability analysis. Heliyon https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01669 (2019).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"72431_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2015.10.033","volume":"155","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Fayez, Y. M., Michael, A. M. & Nessim, C. K. Simultaneous determination of mebeverine hydrochloride and chlordiazepoxide in their binary mixture using novel univariate spectrophotometric methods via different manipulation pathways. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 155, 11\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2015.10.033 (2016).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"72431_CR47","unstructured":"International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Guidelines, Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, Q2 (R1), (2005)."},{"key":"72431_CR48","first-page":"314","volume":"10","author":"GA Shabir","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shabir, G. A. Step-by-step analytical methods validation and protocol in the quality system compliance industry. J. Val. Technol. 10, 314\u2013325 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Val. Technol."},{"key":"72431_CR49","unstructured":"US Pharmacopeia, Uniformity of dosage units, Chapter 905, (2011)."},{"key":"72431_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24761-x","author":"C Larsen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Larsen, C. et al. A tool for identifying green solvents for printed electronics. Nat. Commun. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-24761-x (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"72431_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TALANTA.2018.01.013","volume":"181","author":"J P\u0142otka-Wasylka","year":"2018","unstructured":"P\u0142otka-Wasylka, J. A new tool for the evaluation of the analytical procedure: Green analytical procedure index. Talanta 181, 204\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.TALANTA.2018.01.013 (2018).","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"21","key":"72431_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8657","DOI":"10.1039\/d1gc02318g","volume":"23","author":"J P\u0142otka-Wasylka","year":"2021","unstructured":"P\u0142otka-Wasylka, J. & Wojnowski, W. Complementary green analytical procedure index (ComplexGAPI) and software. Green Chem. 23(21), 8657\u20138665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d1gc02318g (2021).","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"72431_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10076","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c01887","volume":"92","author":"F Pena-Pereira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pena-Pereira, F., Wojnowski, W. & Tobiszewski, M. AGREE Analytical GREEnness metric approach and software. Anal. Chem. 92(14), 10076\u201310082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c01887 (2020).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121063","author":"Y Rostom","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rostom, Y., Wadie, M., Rezk, M. R., Marzouk, H. M. & Abdel-Moety, E. M. Fingerprinting and iso-absorptive resolution techniques for the spectrally overlapping Dutasteride and Silodosin mixture: Content uniformity testing along with greenness profile assessment. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121063 (2022).","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"72431_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d3gc02347h","author":"N Manousi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Manousi, N., Wojnowski, W., P\u0142otka-Wasylka, J. & Samanidou, V. Blue applicability grade index (BAGI) and software: A new tool for the evaluation of method practicality. Green Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d3gc02347h (2023).","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2024.117586","author":"N Manousi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Manousi, N., P\u0142otka-Wasylka, J. & Samanidou, V. Novel sorptive extraction techniques in bioanalysis evaluated by Blue Applicability Grade Index: The paradigm of fabric phase sorptive extraction and capsule phase microextraction. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trac.2024.117586 (2024).","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2023.101294","author":"MA El Hamd","year":"2023","unstructured":"El Hamd, M. A. et al. Roth\u2019s switch-on fluoremetric probe for green tracking and quantifying of 1.4-dihydropyridine medication: Evaluation of greenness, whiteness, and blueness. Sustain Chem. Pharm. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scp.2023.101294 (2023).","journal-title":"Sustain Chem. Pharm."},{"key":"72431_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2021.116223","volume":"22","author":"PM Nowak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nowak, P. M., Wietecha-Pos\u0142uszny, R. & Pawliszyn, J. White Analytical Chemistry: An approach to reconcile the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry and functionality. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 22, 44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trac.2021.116223 (2021).","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72431_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SCP.2023.100980","author":"HM Lotfy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lotfy, H. M., Obaydo, R. H. & Nessim, C. K. Spider chart and whiteness assessment of synergistic spectrophotometric strategy for quantification of triple combination recommended in seasonal influenza \u2013 Detection of spurious drug. Sustain Chem. Pharm. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SCP.2023.100980 (May).","journal-title":"Sustain Chem. Pharm."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72431-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72431-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72431-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T07:03:46Z","timestamp":1727766226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72431-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-72431-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22406"}}