{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:34:56Z","timestamp":1777923296095,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indacaterol, a \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> agonist prescribed for long-term management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. In this study the first MISPE cartridges was developed using indacaterol as a template for its selective extraction from rat lung tissues, enabling precise pharmacokinetic evaluation at the drug\u2019s site of action. A molecular imprinting polymer was synthesized using indacaterol as a template, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker with a molar ratio (1: 4: 20). The polymer was characterized by a high binding capacity of 9840\u2009\u00b1\u20090.86 and high selectivity with an imprinting factor of 4.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12. The synthesized polymer was utilized as a sorbent in solid-phase extraction to purify and extract indacaterol from lung tissue matrix. The optimum molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) conditions were 20.0\u00a0mg of molecular imprinting polymer and non-imprinting polymer, acetonitrile as the loading solvent, acetonitrile: water (20: 80; <jats:italic>by volume<\/jats:italic>) as the washing solvent, and methanol: acetic acid (90: 10; <jats:italic>by volume<\/jats:italic>) as the eluting solvent. A pharmacokinetic study was performed for indacaterol in rat lungs using the synthesized and optimized MISPE cartridge as a tool for sample purification. These parameters were determined in the lung tissues of rats emphasizing the local exposure of indacaterol to its target organ. The C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> were 51.020\u2009\u00b1\u20092.810\u00a0\u00b5g mL<jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup> and 0.083\u2009\u00b1\u20090.001\u00a0h, respectively. The AUC <jats:sub>0\u221224<\/jats:sub> and AUC<jats:sub>0\u2009\u2212\u2009inf<\/jats:sub> were 175.920\u2009\u00b1\u20091.053 and 542.000\u2009\u00b1\u20095.245\u00a0\u00b5g h mL<jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup>, respectively. The elimination rate constant was 0.014\u2009\u00b1\u20090.00012\u00a0h<jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup> and the half-life time was 48.510\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u00a0h. This study successfully developed and optimized MISPE cartridges using indacaterol as a template, enabling precise pharmacokinetic evaluation in rat lung tissues. The cartridges demonstrated high binding capacity and selectivity, providing crucial insights into the local exposure of indacaterol at its site of action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72822-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T15:01:39Z","timestamp":1728054099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pharmacokinetics of pulmonary indacaterol in rat lung using molecular imprinting solid-phase extraction coupled with RP-UPLC"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Tarek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nermine S.","family":"Ghoniem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maha A.","family":"Hegazy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hebatallah A.","family":"Wagdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"72822_CR1","unstructured":"National center for biotechnology information, PubChem compound summary for CID 6918554, Indacaterol. (2024). https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Indacaterol."},{"key":"72822_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.098251","volume":"317","author":"C Battram","year":"2006","unstructured":"Battram, C. et al. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological characterization of 5-[(R)-2-(5, 6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl]-8-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-2-one (indacaterol), a novel inhaled \u03b22 adrenoreceptor agonist with a 24-h duration of action. J. Pharmacol.317, 762\u2013770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.105.098251 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"72822_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.112.046151","volume":"40","author":"M Kagan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kagan, M., Dain, J., Peng, L. & Reynolds, C. Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of indacaterol in humans. Drug Metab. Dispos.40, 1712\u20131722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.112.046151 (2012).","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"72822_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1053\/prrv.2000.0102","volume":"2","author":"M Johnson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Johnson, M. Beta2-adrenoceptors: Mechanisms of action of beta2-agonists. Paediatr.2, 57\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/prrv.2000.0102 (2001).","journal-title":"Paediatr."},{"key":"72822_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.284","volume":"155","author":"M Cazzola","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cazzola, M. & Matera, M. G. Novel long-acting bronchodilators for COPD and asthma. Br J Pharmacol.155, 291\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjp.2008.284 (2008).","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"72822_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.05.001","volume":"101","author":"G Tamura","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tamura, G. & Ohta, K. Adherence to treatment by patients with asthma or COPD: Comparison between inhaled drugs and transdermal patch. Respir Med.101, 1895\u20131902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.05.001 (2007).","journal-title":"Respir Med."},{"key":"72822_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2014.865723","volume":"10","author":"M Cazzola","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cazzola, M., Calzetta, L., Page, C. P. & Matera, M. G. Use of indacaterol for the treatment of COPD: A pharmacokinetic evaluation. Expert Opin Drug Metab. Toxicol10, 129\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/17425255.2014.865723 (2014).","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab. Toxicol"},{"key":"72822_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2009.10.001","volume":"38","author":"D Lombardi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lombardi, D., Cuenoud, B. & Kramer, S. D. Lipid membrane interactions of indacaterol and salmeterol: Do they influence their pharmacological properties?. Eur J Pharm Sci.38, 533\u2013547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2009.10.001 (2009).","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci."},{"key":"72822_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200800506","volume":"32","author":"M Las\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2009","unstructured":"Las\u00e1kov\u00e1, M. & Jandera, P. Molecularly imprinted polymers and their application in solid phase extraction. J. Sep. Sci.32, 799\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jssc.200800506 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"72822_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2007.05.044","volume":"594","author":"EL Holthoff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holthoff, E. L. & Bright, F. V. Molecularly templated materials in chemical sensing. Anal. Chim. Acta.594, 147\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2007.05.044 (2007).","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta."},{"key":"72822_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2021.123081","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. Synthesis of metal-organic framework@ molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbents for solid phase extraction of organophosphorus pesticides from agricultural products. J. Chromatogr. B.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2021.123081 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B."},{"key":"72822_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1007\/s44211-022-00190-8","volume":"38","author":"ME Badawy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Badawy, M. E., El-Nouby, M. A., Kimani, P. K., Lim, L. W. & Rabea, E. I. A review of the modern principles and applications of solid-phase extraction techniques in chromatographic analysis. Anal Sci.38, 1457\u20131487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44211-022-00190-8 (2022).","journal-title":"Anal Sci."},{"key":"72822_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjac.2022.100079","author":"MM Gaho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gaho, M. M. et al. Synthesis of novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers by solid-phase extraction method for removal of norfloxacin. Chin. J. Anal. Chem.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjac.2022.100079 (2022).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72822_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121883","author":"V Kakkar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kakkar, V. & Narula, P. Role of molecularly imprinted hydrogels in drug delivery-A current perspective. Int. J. Pharm.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121883 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"72822_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yofte.2023.103429","volume":"80","author":"BD Gupta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gupta, B. D. & Semwal, V. Recent advances in molecular imprinting technique based fiber optic biosensors. Opt. Fiber Technol.80, 555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yofte.2023.103429 (2023).","journal-title":"Opt. Fiber Technol."},{"key":"72822_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors10030106","volume":"10","author":"S Akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc, S., \u00d6zg\u00fcr, E. & Denizli, A. Recent advances in quartz crystal microbalance biosensors based on the molecular imprinting technique for disease-related biomarkers. Chemosensors.10, 106\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/chemosensors10030106 (2022).","journal-title":"Chemosensors."},{"key":"72822_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.123484","author":"D \u04aaimen","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u04aaimen, D., Bereli, N., G\u00fcnayd\u0131n, S. & Denizli, A. Molecular imprinted nanoparticle assisted surface plasmon resonance biosensors for detection of thrombin. Talanta.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.123484 (2022).","journal-title":"Talanta."},{"key":"72822_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2016.01.002","volume":"157","author":"MF Ghany","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghany, M. F., Hussein, L. A., Magdy, N. & Yamani, H. Z. Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of indacaterol and glycopyrronium in a newly approved pharmaceutical formulation using different signal processing techniques of ratio spectra. Spectrochim. Acta A.157, 251\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2016.01.002 (2016).","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A."},{"key":"72822_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/bio.2838","volume":"30","author":"SM El-Ashry","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-Ashry, S. M., El-Wasseef, D. R., El-Sherbiny, D. T. & Salem, Y. A. Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of indacaterol maleate in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations: Application to content uniformity. Lumin.30, 891\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bio.2838 (2015).","journal-title":"Lumin."},{"key":"72822_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.20959\/wjpps20183-11151","volume":"7","author":"NM El-Abasawy","year":"2018","unstructured":"El-Abasawy, N. M., Attia, K. A., Abouserie, A. A., El-Olemy, A. & Elsayed, A. O. RP-HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous quantification of indacaterol and glycopyrronium in their pharmaceutical formulation. WJPPS.7, 166\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20959\/wjpps20183-11151 (2018).","journal-title":"WJPPS."},{"key":"72822_CR21","first-page":"1324","volume":"6","author":"YA Salem","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salem, Y. A., El-Sherbiny, D. T., El-Wasseef, D. R. & El-Ashry, S. M. HPLC determination of indacaterol maleate in pharmaceutical preparations adopting ultraviolet and fluorescence detection. Int J Pharm Sci Res.6, 1324\u20131332 (2015).","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Sci Res."},{"key":"72822_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2014.1153","volume":"28","author":"WG Ammari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ammari, W. G. et al. Indacaterol determination in human urine: validation of a liquid\u2013liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method. J. Aerosol Med. Pulm. Drug Deliv.28, 202\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jamp.2014.1153 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Med. Pulm. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"72822_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-021-00689-x","volume":"46","author":"C Bartels","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bartels, C., Jain, M., Yu, J., Tillmann, H. C. & Vaidya, S. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of indacaterol\/glycopyrronium\/mometasone furoate after administration of combination therapies using the breezhaler device in patients with asthma. Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet.46, 487\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13318-021-00689-x (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"72822_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2020.101964","author":"S Vaidya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vaidya, S. et al. Pharmacokinetics of indacaterol, glycopyrronium and mometasone furoate following once-daily inhalation as a combination in healthy subjects. Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pupt.2020.101964 (2020).","journal-title":"Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"72822_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.54037\/WJPS.2022.100107","volume":"10","author":"N Vutukuri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vutukuri, N. & Ajitha, M. Stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of indacaterol and glycopyrrolate and in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. WJPPS.10, 74\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54037\/WJPS.2022.100107 (2022).","journal-title":"WJPPS."},{"key":"72822_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/1469066720971550","volume":"26","author":"NV Yerra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yerra, N. V. et al. Identification and characterization of degradation products of indacaterol using liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry. Eur. J. Mass Spectrom.26, 425\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1469066720971550 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"72822_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-01382-6","author":"S Inoue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inoue, S. et al. Pharmacokinetics of indacaterol, glycopyrronium and mometasone furoate administered as an inhaled fixed-dose combination in Japanese and Caucasian healthy subjects. BMC Pulm. Med.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-020-01382-6 (2021).","journal-title":"BMC Pulm. Med."},{"key":"72822_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2012.02.025","volume":"895\u2013896","author":"C Emotte","year":"2012","unstructured":"Emotte, C. et al. Validation of an on-line solid-phase extraction method coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection for the determination of Indacaterol in human serum. J. Chromatogr. B.895\u2013896, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2012.02.025 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B."},{"key":"72822_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2917","volume":"13","author":"T Sobolevsky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sobolevsky, T. & Ahrens, B. High-throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay as initial testing procedure for analysis of total urinary fraction. Drug Test. Anal.13, 283\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2917 (2021).","journal-title":"Drug Test. Anal."},{"key":"72822_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.11.055","volume":"150","author":"C Bozzolino","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bozzolino, C., Leporati, M., Gani, F., Ferrero, C. & Vincenti, M. Development and validation of an UHPLC\u2013MS\/MS method for \u03b22-agonists quantification in human urine and application to clinical samples. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.150, 15\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.11.055 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"72822_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bmad072","author":"M Tarek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tarek, M., Ghoniem, N. S., Hegazy, M. A. & Wagdy, H. A. Design of experiment-based green UPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of indacaterol, glycopyrronium and mometasone in their combined dosage form and spiked human plasma. JCS.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/chromsci\/bmad072 (2023).","journal-title":"JCS."},{"key":"72822_CR32","unstructured":"U.D.o. Health, H. Services. Bioanalytical method validation guidance for industry. US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and Center for veterinary Medicines. http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/cder\/guidance\/4252fnl.htm (2001)."},{"key":"72822_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5908","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms12095908","volume":"12","author":"G Vasapollo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vasapollo, G. et al. Molecularly imprinted polymers: present and future prospective. Int J Mol Sci.12, 5908\u20135945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms12095908 (2011).","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"72822_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527632480.ch13","author":"F Meier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meier, F. & Mizaikoff, B. Molecularly imprinted polymers as artificial receptors. Artif. Receptors Chem. Sens.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9783527632480.ch13 (2010).","journal-title":"Artif. Receptors Chem. Sens."},{"key":"72822_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2018.11.086","volume":"195","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, Q. et al. Amino terminated supramolecular cucurbit [6] uril pseudorotaxane complexes immobilized on magnetite@ silica nanoparticles: A highly efficient sorbent for salvianolic acids. Talanta.195, 354\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2018.11.086 (2019).","journal-title":"Talanta."},{"key":"72822_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2007.09.004","volume":"859","author":"JW Bae","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bae, J. W., Kim, M. J., Jang, C. G. & Lee, S. Y. Determination of meloxicam in human plasma using a HPLC method with UV detection and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J. Chromatogr. B.859, 69\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2007.09.004 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B."},{"key":"72822_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1039\/a901339c","volume":"36","author":"E Yilmaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yilmaz, E., Mosbach, K. & Haupt, K. Influence of functional and crosslinking monomers and the amount of template on the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers in binding assays. Anal. Commun.36, 167\u2013170 (2019).","journal-title":"Anal. Commun."},{"key":"72822_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105162","author":"M Tarek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tarek, M., Elzanfaly, E. S., Amer, S. M. & Wagdy, H. A. Selective analysis of Nadifloxacin in Human plasma samples using a molecularly imprinted polymer-based solid-phase extraction proceeded by UPLC-DAD analysis. Microchem. J.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105162 (2020).","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"72822_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8446","DOI":"10.1021\/ma010903s","volume":"34","author":"RJ Umpleby","year":"2001","unstructured":"Umpleby, R. J. et al. Recognition directed site-selective chemical modification of molecularly imprinted polymers. Macromol.34, 8446\u20138452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ma010903s (2001).","journal-title":"Macromol."},{"key":"72822_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4404","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00119a032","volume":"67","author":"J Matsui","year":"1995","unstructured":"Matsui, J., Miyoshi, Y., Doblhoff-Dier, O. & Takeuchi, T. A molecularly imprinted synthetic polymer receptor selective for atrazine. Anal. Chem.67, 4404\u20134408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ac00119a032 (1995).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"72822_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2004.01.064","volume":"804","author":"RJ Umpleby","year":"2004","unstructured":"Umpleby, R. J. et al. Characterization of the heterogeneous binding site affinity distributions in molecularly imprinted polymers. J Chromatogr B.804, 141\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2004.01.064 (2004).","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B."},{"key":"72822_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2005.06.009","volume":"549","author":"L Wu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wu, L., Zhu, K., Zhao, M. & Li, Y. Theoretical and experimental study of nicotinamide molecularly imprinted polymers with different porogens. Anal Chim Acta.549, 39\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2005.06.009 (2005).","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta."},{"key":"72822_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-018-1747-9","volume":"150","author":"L Knudsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Knudsen, L. & Ochs, M. The micromechanics of lung alveoli: Structure and function of surfactant and tissue components. Histochem. Cell Biol.150, 661\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-018-1747-9 (2018).","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72822-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72822-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72822-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T15:04:44Z","timestamp":1728054284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-72822-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-72822-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Animals handling and experiment were conducted and approved according to the guidelines of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, the British University in Egypt (Approval No. CH-2306). The ethics committee was registered and recognized by the Egyptian Network of Research Ethics Committees (ENREC). The study is reported in accordance with ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guideline.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics declaration"}}],"article-number":"23126"}}