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The study involved the extraction of <jats:italic>C. nervosum<\/jats:italic> fruit using 70% ethanol, followed by fractionation with hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. Subsequent testing for total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity revealed the ethyl acetate fraction (CN-EtOAcF) as possessing the highest phenolic and anthocyanin content along with potent antioxidant activity, prompting its selection for further investigation. In vitro studies on HTR-8\/SVneo cells demonstrated that 5\u201310\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> soluble extract exposure inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis. However, pretreatment with 20\u201380\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL CN-EtOAcF followed by 5\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> soluble extract exposure exhibited protective effects against PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> soluble extract-induced damage, including inflammation inhibition and intracellular ROS suppression. Notably, CN-EtOAcF down-regulated PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>-induced miR-146a-5p expression, with SOX5 identified as a potential target. Overall, CN-EtOAcF demonstrated the potential to protect against PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>-induced harm in trophoblast cells, suggesting its possible application in future therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73000-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T11:02:24Z","timestamp":1729076544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation induced by PM10 soluble extract in trophoblast cells via miR-146a-5p"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wittaya","family":"Chaiwangyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orawan","family":"Khantamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komsak","family":"Pintha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Napapan","family":"Kangwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amnart","family":"Onsa-ard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyawan","family":"Nuntaboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angkana","family":"Songkrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilaiporn","family":"Thippraphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Chaiyasit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco L\u00e1zaro Pereira","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"73000_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2020.12.009","volume":"104","author":"E Bearblock","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bearblock, E., Aiken, C. 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