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This study investigates whether etoricoxib-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Et-NLC) could help shield the rat jejunum from radiation damage. Gamma irradiation (6\u00a0Gy) was used to damage the jejunum of Wistar albino rats, and then Et or Et-NLC (10\u00a0mg\/kg b.w.) was administered orally for 14 days. It was found that the amounts of glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide (NO) decreased after irradiation but increased after Et-NLC therapy. Molecular analysis showed radiation-induced expression of microRNA-34a (miR34a), which may be involved in cellular stress response. Et-NLC treatments modulated the expression of miR34a, suggesting possible regulatory roles. Western blot analysis revealed changes in P53, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels. Et-NLC treatments decreased TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-10, and COX-2 levels, indicating anti-inflammatory actions. DNA fragmentation analysis revealed a decrease in apoptotic activity after Et-NLC treatments. A histopathological examination confirmed that Et-NLC treatments had attenuated radiation damage, which had improved vascularization and reduced inflammation. The findings show that Et-NLC is more effective than Et-alone at reducing damage to the jejunum caused by radiation by controlling inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73469-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T13:04:25Z","timestamp":1728565465000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mitigation of radiation-induced jejunum injuries in rats through modulation of the p53-miR34a axis using etoricoxib-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Noha Sayed","family":"Hamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Khateeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shady A.","family":"Elfouly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina M. 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