{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:12:41Z","timestamp":1793059961785,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-74426-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T13:01:56Z","timestamp":1728478916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Deficient functional wound closure as measured by elevated trans-epidermal water loss predicts chronic wound recurrence: An exploratory observational study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Debarati","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mithun","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshay","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanhaiya","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shomita S.","family":"Mathew-Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandan K.","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"74426_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2015.0635","volume":"4","author":"RG Frykberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Frykberg, R. G. & Banks, J. Challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds. Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 4, 560\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2015.0635 (2015).","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"74426_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2019.01.001","volume":"28","author":"J Kottner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kottner, J. et al. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers\/injuries: The protocol for the second update of the international Clinical Practice Guideline 2019. J. Tissue Viability 28, 51\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtv.2019.01.001 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Tissue Viability"},{"key":"74426_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2021.07.004","volume":"25","author":"YF Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, Y. F., Ni, P. W., Huang, Y. & Xie, T. Therapeutic strategies for chronic wound infection. Chin. J. Traumatol. 25, 11\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjtee.2021.07.004 (2022).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Traumatol."},{"key":"74426_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734604273660","volume":"4","author":"VK Shukla","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shukla, V. K., Ansari, M. A. & Gupta, S. K. Wound healing research: a perspective from India. Int. J. Low. Extrem. Wounds 4, 7\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534734604273660 (2005).","journal-title":"Int. J. Low. Extrem. Wounds"},{"key":"74426_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2023.0150","volume":"12","author":"CK Sen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sen, C. K. Human wound and its burden: Updated 2022 compendium of estimates. Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 12, 657\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2023.0150 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"74426_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-018-0239-4","volume":"7","author":"E Darwin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Darwin, E. & Tomic-Canic, M. Healing chronic wounds: Current challenges and potential solutions. Curr. Dermatol. Rep. 7, 296\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13671-018-0239-4 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Dermatol. Rep."},{"key":"74426_CR7","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services, F. Guidance for industry: Chronic cutaneous ulcer and burn wounds-developing products for treatment, <http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/ucm\/groups\/fdagov-public\/@fdagov-drugs-gen\/documents\/document\/ucm071324.pdf> (2006)."},{"key":"74426_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021004","author":"F Diban","year":"2023","unstructured":"Diban, F. et al. Biofilms in chronic wound infections: Innovative antimicrobial approaches using the in vitro lubbock chronic wound biofilm model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24021004 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"74426_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jccw.2014.03.001","volume":"4","author":"K Anderson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anderson, K. & Hamm, R. L. Factors that impair wound healing. J. Am. Coll. Clin. Wound Spec 4, 84\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jccw.2014.03.001 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Clin. Wound Spec"},{"key":"74426_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","volume":"376","author":"DG Armstrong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Armstrong, D. G., Boulton, A. J. M. & Bus, S. A. Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence. N. Engl. J. Med. 376, 2367\u20132375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1615439 (2017).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"74426_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3160","volume":"35","author":"XL Fu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fu, X. L. et al. Global recurrence rates in diabetic foot ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 35, e3160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.3160 (2019).","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev."},{"key":"74426_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2021.0026","volume":"10","author":"CK Sen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sen, C. K. Human wound and its burden: Updated 2020 compendium of estimates. Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 10, 281\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2021.0026 (2021).","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"74426_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13607","volume":"19","author":"UR Madsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Madsen, U. R., Hyldig, N. & Juel, K. Outcomes in patients with chronic leg wounds in Denmark: A nationwide register-based cohort study. Int. Wound J 19, 156\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.13607 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. Wound J"},{"key":"74426_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12683","volume":"27","author":"M Olsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Olsson, M. et al. The humanistic and economic burden of chronic wounds: A systematic review. Wound Repair Regen. 27, 114\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wrr.12683 (2019).","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"74426_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4360","volume":"233","author":"S Roy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roy, S. et al. Mixed-species biofilm compromises wound healing by disrupting epidermal barrier function. J. Pathol. 233, 331\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/path.4360 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"74426_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000003053","volume":"271","author":"S Roy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roy, S. et al. Staphylococcus aureus biofilm infection compromises wound healing by causing deficiencies in granulation tissue collagen. Ann. Surg. 271, 1174\u20131185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000003053 (2020).","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"74426_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e634","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005252","volume":"277","author":"M Sinha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sinha, M. et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa theft biofilm require host lipids of cutaneous wound. Ann. Surg. 277, e634\u2013e647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005252 (2023).","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"74426_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.09.001","volume":"138","author":"H Alexander","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alexander, H., Brown, S., Danby, S. & Flohr, C. Research techniques made simple: Transepidermal water loss measurement as a research tool. J. Invest. Dermatol. 138, 2295-2300 e2291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2018.09.001 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"74426_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000002504","volume":"269","author":"KG Barki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barki, K. G. et al. Electric field based dressing disrupts mixed-species bacterial biofilm infection and restores functional wound healing. Ann. Surg. 269, 756\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000002504 (2019).","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"74426_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/65301","author":"M El Masry","year":"2023","unstructured":"El Masry, M. et al. Swine model of biofilm infection and invisible wounds. J. Vis. Exp. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/65301 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"74426_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2015.65","volume":"23","author":"S Ghatak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghatak, S. et al. Barrier function of the repaired skin is disrupted following arrest of dicer in keratinocytes. Mol. Ther. 23, 1201\u20131210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mt.2015.65 (2015).","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"74426_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.04.021","volume":"26","author":"J Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. Topical lyophilized targeted lipid nanoparticles in the restoration of skin barrier function following burn wound. Mol. Ther. 26, 2178\u20132188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.04.021 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"74426_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.11.021","volume":"141","author":"CK Sen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sen, C. K. & Roy, S. The hyperglycemia stranglehold stifles cutaneous epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and functional wound closure. J. Invest. Dermatol. 141, 1382\u20131385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2020.11.021 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"74426_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10020359","author":"T Montero-Vilchez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Montero-Vilchez, T. et al. Skin barrier function in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: Transepidermal water loss and temperature as useful tools to assess disease severity. J. Clin. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10020359 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"74426_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2022.0021","volume":"12","author":"SF Bernatchez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bernatchez, S. F. & Bichel, J. The science of skin: Measuring damage and assessing risk. Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 12, 187\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2022.0021 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"74426_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000330486","volume":"25","author":"V Czaika","year":"2012","unstructured":"Czaika, V. et al. Comparison of transepidermal water loss and laser scanning microscopy measurements to assess their value in the characterization of cutaneous barrier defects. Skin Pharmacol. Physiol. 25, 39\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000330486 (2012).","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"74426_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318188202c","volume":"122","author":"P Danielsen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Danielsen, P., J\u00f8rgensen, B., Karlsmark, T., Jorgensen, L. N. & \u00c5gren, M. S. Effect of topical autologous platelet-rich fibrin versus no intervention on epithelialization of donor sites and meshed split-thickness skin autografts: a randomized clinical trial. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 122, 1431\u20131440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318188202c (2008).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"74426_CR28","first-page":"254","volume":"20","author":"V Dini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dini, V., Salibra, F., Brilli, C. & Romanelli, M. Instrumental evaluation of the protective effects of a barrier film on surrounding skin in chronic wounds. Wounds 20, 254\u2013257 (2008).","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"74426_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R100","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7932","volume":"13","author":"M Koskela","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koskela, M. et al. Epidermal wound healing in severe sepsis and septic shock in humans. Crit. Care 13, R100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc7932 (2009).","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"74426_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1159\/000246663","volume":"190","author":"JJ L\u00e9vy","year":"1995","unstructured":"L\u00e9vy, J. J., von Rosen, J., Gassm\u00fcller, J., Kleine Kuhlmann, R. & Lange, L. Validation of an in vivo wound healing model for the quantification of pharmacological effects on epidermal regeneration. Dermatology 190, 136\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000246663 (1995).","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"74426_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17605","volume":"181","author":"M Maarouf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maarouf, M., Maarouf, C. L., Yosipovitch, G. & Shi, V. Y. The impact of stress on epidermal barrier function: An evidence-based review. Br. J. Dermatol. 181, 1129\u20131137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.17605 (2019).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"74426_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2006.47.3.293","volume":"47","author":"SH Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee, S. H., Jeong, S. K. & Ahn, S. K. An update of the defensive barrier function of skin. Yonsei Med. J. 47, 293\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3349\/ymj.2006.47.3.293 (2006).","journal-title":"Yonsei Med. J."},{"key":"74426_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a018218","volume":"4","author":"K Natsuga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Natsuga, K. Epidermal barriers. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med. 4, a018218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a018218 (2014).","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"74426_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2008.00786.x","volume":"17","author":"E Proksch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Proksch, E., Brandner, J. M. & Jensen, J.-M. The skin: An indispensable barrier. Exp. Dermatol. 17, 1063\u20131072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2008.00786.x (2008).","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"74426_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.435","volume":"132","author":"A De Benedetto","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Benedetto, A., Kubo, A. & Beck, L. A. Skin barrier disruption: A requirement for allergen sensitization?. J. Invest. Dermatol. 132, 949\u2013963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jid.2011.435 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"74426_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0433-9","volume":"14","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Agrawal, R. & Woodfolk, J. A. Skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis. Curr. Allergy Asthma. Rep. 14, 433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-014-0433-9 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma. Rep."},{"key":"74426_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI124608","volume":"129","author":"E Goleva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goleva, E., Berdyshev, E. & Leung, D. Y. M. Epithelial barrier repair and prevention of allergy. J. Clin. Investig. 129, 1463\u20131474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI124608 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"74426_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-017-0675-4","volume":"17","author":"G Knaysi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knaysi, G., Smith, A. R., Wilson, J. M. & Wisniewski, J. A. The skin as a route of allergen exposure: Part II. Allergens and role of the microbiome and environmental exposures. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 17, 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-017-0675-4 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"74426_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-017-0674-5","volume":"17","author":"AR Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith, A. R., Knaysi, G., Wilson, J. M. & Wisniewski, J. A. The skin as a route of allergen exposure: Part I. immune components and mechanisms. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 17, 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-017-0674-5 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"74426_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/386936","volume":"2012","author":"A Firooz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Firooz, A. et al. Variation of biophysical parameters of the skin with age, gender, and body region. Sci. World J. 2012, 386936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1100\/2012\/386936 (2012).","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"74426_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Honari, G. & Maibach, H. in Applied Dermatotoxicology (eds Howard Maibach & Golara Honari) 1\u201310 (Academic Press, 2014).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-420130-9.00001-3"},{"key":"74426_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ski2.104","volume":"2","author":"M Green","year":"2022","unstructured":"Green, M., Kashetsky, N., Feschuk, A. & Maibach, H. I. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL): Environment and pollution-A systematic review. Skin Health Dis. 2, e104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ski2.104 (2022).","journal-title":"Skin Health Dis."},{"key":"74426_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14326\/abe.12.1","volume":"12","author":"O Uehara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Uehara, O., Kusuhara, T. & Nakamura, T. transepidermal water loss estimation model for evaluating skin barrier function. Adv. Biomed. Eng. 12, 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14326\/abe.12.1 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"74426_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4103\/ijstd.IJSTD_101_19","volume":"42","author":"P Bhargava","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhargava, P., Singdia, H., Nijhawan, S., Mathur, D. K. & Bhargava, R. K. A study of biophysical profile of inguinal skin: An implication for health and disease. Indian J. Sex. Transm. Dis. AIDS 42, 7\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijstd.IJSTD_101_19 (2021).","journal-title":"Indian J. Sex. Transm. Dis. AIDS"},{"key":"74426_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2022.0049","volume":"12","author":"AF Spielman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spielman, A. F. et al. Beyond the scar: A basic science review of wound remodeling. Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 12, 57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2022.0049 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"74426_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275e","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000008142","volume":"148","author":"CK Sen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sen, C. K., Roy, S., Mathew-Steiner, S. S. & Gordillo, G. M. Biofilm management in wound care. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 148, 275e\u2013288e. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000008142 (2021).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"74426_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3045","volume":"9","author":"V Bewick","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bewick, V., Cheek, L. & Ball, J. Statistics review 14: Logistic regression. Crit. Care 9, 112\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc3045 (2005).","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"74426_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.81.12.1630","volume":"81","author":"DW Hosmer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hosmer, D. W., Taber, S. & Lemeshow, S. The importance of assessing the fit of logistic regression models: A case study. Am. J. Public Health 81, 1630\u20131635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.81.12.1630 (1991).","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"74426_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::aid-cncr2820030106>3.0.co;2-3","volume":"3","author":"WJ Youden","year":"1950","unstructured":"Youden, W. J. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer 3, 32\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1%3c32::aid-cncr2820030106%3e3.0.co;2-3 (1950).","journal-title":"Cancer"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-74426-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-74426-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-74426-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T13:14:35Z","timestamp":1728479675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-74426-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["74426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-74426-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23593"}}