{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T09:33:14Z","timestamp":1758706394247,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI132348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI132348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CIVR-HRP","award":["75N93019C00052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019C00052"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-75250-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T05:02:11Z","timestamp":1729227731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Similar humoral responses but distinct CD4+ T cell transcriptomic profiles in older adults elicited by MF59 adjuvanted and high dose influenza vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Huy Quang","family":"Quach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iana H.","family":"Haralambieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krista M.","family":"Goergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane E.","family":"Grill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inna G.","family":"Ovsyannikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Poland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"75250_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.08.105","volume":"24","author":"K Goodwin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Goodwin, K., Viboud, C. & Simonsen, L. Antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly: a quantitative review. Vaccine. 24, 1159\u20131169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.08.105 (2006).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.11.002","volume":"38","author":"JC Allen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allen, J. C., Toapanta, F. R., Chen, W. & Tennant, S. M. Understanding immunosenescence and its impact on vaccination of older adults. Vaccine. 38, 8264\u20138272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.11.002 (2020).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2588","volume":"14","author":"JJ Goronzy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goronzy, J. J. & Weyand, C. M. Understanding immunosenescence to improve responses to vaccines. Nat. Immunol. 14, 428\u2013436 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2014.03.008","volume":"29","author":"K Haq","year":"2014","unstructured":"Haq, K. & McElhaney, J. E. Immunosenescence: influenza vaccination and the elderly. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 29, 38\u201342 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0002-y","volume":"4","author":"F Krammer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Krammer, F. et al. Influenza. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 4, 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-018-0002-y (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"75250_CR6","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results. UN DESA\/POP\/2022\/TR\/NO. 3. https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/pd\/sites\/www.un.org.development.desa.pd\/files\/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf\u00a0 (2022)."},{"key":"75250_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1034","volume":"71","author":"BJ Cowling","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cowling, B. J. et al. Comparative immunogenicity of several enhanced influenza vaccine options for older adults: a Randomized, Controlled Trial. Clin. Infect. Dis. 71, 1704\u20131714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciz1034 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315727","volume":"371","author":"CA DiazGranados","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiazGranados, C. A. et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 371, 635\u2013645 (2014).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"75250_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.12.011","volume":"35","author":"A Domnich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Domnich, A. et al. Effectiveness of MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 35, 513\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.12.011 (2017).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.07.013","volume":"32","author":"SE Frey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Frey, S. E. et al. Comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of an MF59\u00ae-adjuvanted with a non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in elderly subjects. Vaccine. 32, 5027\u20135034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.07.013 (2014).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30235-7","volume":"5","author":"S Gravenstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gravenstein, S. et al. Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccination on numbers of US nursing home residents admitted to hospital: a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet Respiratory Med. 5, 738\u2013746 (2017).","journal-title":"Lancet Respiratory Med."},{"key":"75250_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2019.1622418","volume":"18","author":"F Lapi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lapi, F. et al. Adjuvanted versus nonadjuvanted influenza vaccines and risk of hospitalizations for pneumonia and cerebro\/cardiovascular events in the elderly. Expert Rev. Vaccines. 18, 663\u2013670 (2019).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"75250_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4237","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1233","volume":"73","author":"KW McConeghy","year":"2021","unstructured":"McConeghy, K. W. et al. Cluster-randomized Trial of Adjuvanted Versus Nonadjuvanted Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in 823 US nursing homes. Clin. Infect. Dis. 73, e4237\u2013e4243 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.07.048","volume":"122","author":"A Domnich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Domnich, A. & de Waure, C. Comparative effectiveness of adjuvanted versus high-dose seasonal influenza vaccines for older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 122, 855\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.07.048 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-023-00355-7","volume":"20","author":"KE Schmader","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schmader, K. E. et al. Immunogenicity of adjuvanted versus high-dose inactivated influenza vaccines in older adults: a randomized clinical trial. Immun. Ageing. 20, 30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12979-023-00355-7 (2023).","journal-title":"Immun. Ageing"},{"key":"75250_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6333","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.10.6333","volume":"176","author":"JE McElhaney","year":"2006","unstructured":"McElhaney, J. E. et al. T cell responses are better correlates of vaccine protection in the elderly. J. Immunol. 176, 6333\u20136339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.176.10.6333 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03103","volume":"9","author":"SK Rosendahl Huber","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosendahl Huber, S. K. et al. Immunogenicity of influenza vaccines: evidence for differential effect of secondary vaccination on humoral and cellular immunity. Front. Immunol. 9, 3103 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.017","volume":"29","author":"WH Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen, W. H. et al. Antibody and Th1-type cell-mediated immune responses in elderly and young adults immunized with the standard or a high dose influenza vaccine. Vaccine. 29, 2865\u20132873 (2011).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2019.08.009","volume":"119","author":"JM Jansen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jansen, J. M., Gerlach, T., Elbahesh, H., Rimmelzwaan, G. F. & Saletti, G. Influenza virus-specific CD4\u2009+\u2009and CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell-mediated immunity induced by infection and vaccination. J. Clin. Virol. 119, 44\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2019.08.009 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"75250_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12662","volume":"284","author":"AJ Sant","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sant, A. J., DiPiazza, A. T., Nayak, J. L., Rattan, A. & Richards, K. A. CD4 T cells in protection from influenza virus: viral antigen specificity and functional potential. Immunol. Rev. 284, 91\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imr.12662 (2018).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"75250_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2014_401","volume":"386","author":"KD Zens","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zens, K. D. & Farber, D. L. Memory CD4 T cells in influenza. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 386, 399\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/82_2014_401 (2015).","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.3390\/v14122763","volume":"14","author":"IH Haralambieva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haralambieva, I. H. et al. T Cell Transcriptional Signatures of Influenza A\/H3N2 antibody response to high dose influenza and Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine in older adults. Viruses. 14, 2763 (2022).","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"75250_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis211","volume":"54","author":"H Zhou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhou, H. et al. Hospitalizations associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States, 1993\u20132008. Clin. Infect. Dis. 54, 1427\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cis211 (2012).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh227","volume":"160","author":"TA Reichert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reichert, T. A. et al. Influenza and the winter increase in mortality in the United States, 1959\u20131999. Am. J. Epidemiol. 160, 492\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwh227 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"75250_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00129-8","volume":"16","author":"EA Belongia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Belongia, E. A. et al. Variable influenza vaccine effectiveness by subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design studies. Lancet. Infect. Dis. 16, 942\u2013951 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"75250_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2004.02.024","volume":"103","author":"W Beyer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beyer, W., Palache, A., L\u00fcchters, G., Nauta, J. & Osterhaus, A. Seroprotection rate, mean Fold increase, seroconversion rate: which parameter adequately expresses seroresponse to influenza vaccination?. Virus Res. 103, 125\u2013132 (2004).","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"75250_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luckheeram, R. V., Zhou, R., Verma, A. D. & Xia, B. CD4\u207aT cells: differentiation and functions. Clin. Dev. Immunol.\u00a02012, 925135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/925135 (2012).","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/925135"},{"key":"75250_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3152","volume":"12","author":"SL Swain","year":"2012","unstructured":"Swain, S. L., McKinstry, K. K. & Strutt, T. M. Expanding roles for CD4\u2009+\u2009T cells in immunity to viruses. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12, 136\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3152 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2020-0169TR","volume":"63","author":"AD Prigge","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prigge, A. D., Ma, R., Coates, B. M., Singer, B. D. & Ridge, K. M. Age-dependent differences in T-Cell responses to Influenza A Virus. Am. J. Respir Cell. Mol. Biol. 63, 415\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2020-0169TR (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75250_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaur, P., Munjhal, A. & Lal, S. K. Influenza virus and cell signaling pathways. Med. Sci. Monit. 17, Ra148-154.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/msm.881801\u00a0(2011).","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.881801"},{"key":"75250_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.12.018","volume":"139","author":"SD Shapira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shapira, S. D. et al. A physical and regulatory map of host-influenza interactions reveals pathways in H1N1 infection. Cell. 139, 1255\u20131267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2009.12.018 (2009).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"75250_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3041","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1495301","volume":"14","author":"EJ Ko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ko, E. J. & Kang, S. M. Immunology and efficacy of MF59-adjuvanted vaccines. Hum. Vaccin Immunother. 14, 3041\u20133045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2018.1495301 (2018).","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"75250_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.061","volume":"30","author":"DT O\u2019Hagan","year":"2012","unstructured":"O\u2019Hagan, D. T., Ott, G. S., De Gregorio, E. & Seubert, A. The mechanism of action of MF59 \u2013 an innately attractive adjuvant formulation. Vaccine. 30, 4341\u20134348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.061 (2012).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315727","volume":"371","author":"CA DiazGranados","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiazGranados, C. A. et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 371, 635\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1315727 (2014).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"75250_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen, G. et al. Identification of critical genes and pathways for Influenza A Virus infections via Bioinformatics Analysis. Viruses. 14.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14081625 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081625"},{"key":"75250_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7290105","volume":"12","author":"W Zhang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhang, W. & Liu, H. T. MAPK signal pathways in the regulation of cell proliferation in mammalian cells. Cell Res. 12, 9\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.cr.7290105 (2002).","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"75250_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/12.11.1539","volume":"12","author":"S Basu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Basu, S., Binder, R. J., Suto, R., Anderson, K. M. & Srivastava, P. K. Necrotic but not apoptotic cell death releases heat shock proteins, which deliver a partial maturation signal to dendritic cells and activate the NF-\u03baB pathway. Int. Immunol. 12, 1539\u20131546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intimm\/12.11.1539 (2000).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14040792","volume":"14","author":"S Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, S., Zhao, Y., Wang, D. & Chen, Z. Mode of Action of Heat shock protein (HSP) inhibitors against viruses through host HSP and Virus interactions. Genes. 14, 792 (2023).","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"75250_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947789","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.947789","volume":"13","author":"X Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, X. & Yu, W. Heat shock proteins and viral infection. Front. Immunol. 13, 947789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.947789 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0122282","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122282","volume":"10","author":"IH Haralambieva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haralambieva, I. H. et al. The impact of immunosenescence on humoral immune response variation after influenza A\/H1N1 vaccination in older subjects. PloS One. 10, e0122282 (2015).","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"75250_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac351","author":"HQ Quach","year":"2022","unstructured":"Quach, H. Q. et al. The influence of sex, BMI, and age on cellular and humoral immune responses against measles after a 3rd dose of MMR vaccine. J. Infect. Dis.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiac351 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00180","volume":"10","author":"EA Voigt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Voigt, E. A. et al. Sex differences in older adults\u2019 immune responses to seasonal influenza vaccination. Front. Immunol. 10, 180 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000504480","volume":"43","author":"EL Goldberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goldberg, E. L., Shaw, A. C. & Montgomery, R. R. How inflammation blunts innate immunity in aging. Interdiscip Top. Gerontol. Geriatr. 43, 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000504480 (2020).","journal-title":"Interdiscip Top. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"75250_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27064-3","volume":"12","author":"K Wild","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wild, K. et al. Pre-existing immunity and vaccine history determine hemagglutinin-specific CD4 T cell and IgG response following seasonal influenza vaccination. Nat. Commun. 12, 6720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-27064-3 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"75250_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105479","volume":"25","author":"FX Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, F. X. et al. Extended SARS-CoV-2 RBD booster vaccination induces humoral and cellular immune tolerance in mice. iScience. 25, 105479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105479 (2022).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"75250_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uversky, V. N., Redwan, E. M., Makis, W. & Rubio-Casillas, A. IgG4 antibodies Induced by repeated vaccination may generate Immune Tolerance to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Vaccines (Basel). 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines11050991 (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11050991"},{"key":"75250_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240425","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1240425","volume":"14","author":"Y Tani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tani, Y. et al. Five doses of the mRNA vaccination potentially suppress ancestral-strain stimulated SARS-CoV2-specific cellular immunity: a cohort study from the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan. Front. Immunol. 14, 1240425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1240425 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McGargill, M. A. et al. Immune tolerance limits effective immunity to epitopes targeted by universal influenza vaccines. J. Immunol.\u00a0 204 245.244-245.244.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.204.Supp.245.4 (2020).","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.204.Supp.245.4"},{"key":"75250_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1011990","volume":"11","author":"RM Jacobson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jacobson, R. M. et al. Profiles of influenza A\/H1N1 vaccine response using hemagglutination-inhibition titers. Hum. Vaccin Immunother. 11, 961\u2013969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2015.1011990 (2015).","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"75250_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir661","volume":"204","author":"SE Ohmit","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ohmit, S. E., Petrie, J. G., Cross, R. T., Johnson, E. & Monto, A. S. Influenza hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titer as a correlate of vaccine-induced protection. J. Infect. Dis. 204, 1879\u20131885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jir661 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir015","volume":"203","author":"JG Petrie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Petrie, J. G., Ohmit, S. E., Johnson, E., Cross, R. T. & Monto, A. S. Efficacy studies of influenza vaccines: effect of end points used and characteristics of vaccine failures. J. Infect. Dis. 203, 1309\u20131315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jir015 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75250_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00445","volume":"8","author":"MT Zimmermann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zimmermann, M. T. et al. Integration of Immune Cell populations, mRNA-Seq, and CpG methylation to Better Predict Humoral Immunity to Influenza Vaccination: dependence of mRNA-Seq\/CpG methylation on Immune Cell populations. Front. Immunol. 8, 445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00445 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202049054","volume":"51","author":"IH Haralambieva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haralambieva, I. H. et al. Transcriptional signatures associated with rubella virus-specific humoral immunity after a third dose of MMR vaccine in women of childbearing age. Eur. J. Immunol. 51, 1824\u20131838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.202049054 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"75250_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2016.34","volume":"17","author":"IG Ovsyannikova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ovsyannikova, I. G. et al. Gene signatures associated with adaptive humoral immunity following seasonal influenza A\/H1N1 vaccination. Genes Immun. 17, 371\u2013379 (2016).","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"75250_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.06.034","volume":"34","author":"IH Haralambieva","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haralambieva, I. H. et al. Transcriptional signatures of influenza A\/H1N1-specific IgG memory-like B cell response in older individuals. Vaccine. 34, 3993\u20134002 (2016).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75250_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-15-224","volume":"15","author":"KR Kalari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kalari, K. R. et al. MAP-RSeq: Mayo analysis pipeline for RNA sequencing. BMC Bioinform. 15, 1\u201311 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"75250_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxr054","volume":"13","author":"KD Hansen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hansen, K. D., Irizarry, R. A. & Wu, Z. Removing technical variability in RNA-seq data using conditional quantile normalization. Biostatistics. 13, 204\u2013216 (2012).","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"75250_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxr054","volume":"13","author":"KD Hansen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hansen, K. D., Irizarry, R. A. & Wu, Z. Removing technical variability in RNA-seq data using conditional quantile normalization. Biostatistics. 13, 204\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxr054 (2012).","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"75250_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeger, S. L. & Liang, K. Y. Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics.  42, 121\u2013130 (1986).","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248"},{"key":"75250_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","volume":"16","author":"G Yu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yu, G., Wang, L. G., Han, Y. & He, Q. Y. clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. Omics. 16, 284\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2011.0118 (2012).","journal-title":"Omics"},{"key":"75250_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3715","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. Toward understanding the origin and evolution of cellular organisms. Protein Sci. 28, 1947\u20131951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pro.3715 (2019).","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"75250_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D587","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac963","volume":"51","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M., Furumichi, M., Sato, Y., Kawashima, M. & Ishiguro-Watanabe, M. KEGG for taxonomy-based analysis of pathways and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 51, D587-d592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkac963 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"75250_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. & Goto, S. KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 27\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27 (2000).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"75250_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9868.00346","volume":"64","author":"JD Storey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Storey, J. D. A direct approach to false discovery rates. J. Royal Stat. Soc. Ser. B: Stat. Methodol. 64, 479\u2013498 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Royal Stat. Soc. Ser. B: Stat. Methodol."},{"key":"75250_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini, Y. & Hochberg, Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J. Roy. Stat. Soc.: Ser. B (Methodol.). 57, 289\u2013300 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Roy. Stat. Soc.: Ser. B (Methodol.)"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-75250-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-75250-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-75250-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T08:05:47Z","timestamp":1729497947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-75250-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["75250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-75250-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Dr. Poland is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for novel investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Poland provides consultative advice to AiZtech; GlaxoSmithKline; Invivyd; Janssen Global Services, LLC; Merck & Co. Inc.; Moderna; Novavax; and Syneos Health. Drs. Poland and Ovsyannikova hold patents related to vaccinia and measles peptide vaccines. Drs. Kennedy, Poland, and Ovsyannikova hold a patent related to vaccinia peptide vaccines. Drs. Kennedy, Poland, and Ovsyannikova have received grant funding and royalties from ICW Ventures for pre-clinical studies on a peptide-based COVID-19 vaccine. Drs. Kennedy, Poland, Ovsyannikova and Haralambieva hold a patent related to the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms on measles vaccine immunity. Dr. Kennedy has received funding from Merck Research Laboratories to study waning immunity to mumps vaccine. These activities have been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and are conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policy. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24420"}}