{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T23:39:39Z","timestamp":1779147579150,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Freiburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Graft-versus-Host disease is a major complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The eyes are a frequently affected organ with a severe dry eye disease being the hallmark manifestation. This retrospective study evaluates the effect of mini-scleral contact lenses on visual acuity, eye-related quality of life and the ocular surface. 62 eyes of 31 patients were included and visual acuity, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire results and Oxford grades before and after mini-scleral lens fitting were compared. Median Snellen fraction with mini-scleral lenses was 20\/25 (1st 20\/30\/3rd 20\/20) compared to 20\/40 median Snellen fraction with spectacles (1st 20\/60\/3rd 20\/25). Median OSDI scores improved from 73 (1st 41.6\/3rd 89) before fitting to 27 (1st 14.5\/3rd 56) with mini-scleral lenses. Median Oxford grade decreased from 3 before mini-scleral lens fitting (1st 1\/3rd 4.75) to 1 after mini-scleral lens fitting (1st 0\/3rd 4). Median time of follow up was 717.5\u00a0days. Seven patients (22.6%) discontinued therapy with mini-scleral lenses. Mini-scleral lenses are beneficial for most patients with ocular GvHD as they improve visual acuity, eye-related quality of life and the integrity of the corneal epithelium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-76249-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T16:03:03Z","timestamp":1729785783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Visual and ocular surface benefits of mini-scleral contact lenses in patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (GvHD)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Philip","family":"Keye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Issleib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Gier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Glegola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"B\u00f6hringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Eberwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Reinhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"76249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.08.004","volume":"58","author":"H Shikari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shikari, H., Antin, J. H. & Dana, R. Ocular graft-versus-host disease: A review. Surv. Ophthalmol. 58, 233\u2013251 (2013).","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"76249_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04301-6","volume":"257","author":"G Giannaccare","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giannaccare, G., Pellegrini, M., Bernabei, F., Scorcia, V. & Campos, E. Ocular surface system alterations in ocular graft-versus-host disease: all the pieces of the complex puzzle. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. Albrecht .Von Graefes Arch. Klin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 257, 1341\u20131351 (2019).","journal-title":"Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. Albrecht .Von Graefes Arch. Klin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"76249_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.12.001","volume":"21","author":"MH Jagasia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jagasia, M. H. et al. National institutes of health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. The 2014 diagnosis and staging working group report. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transplant. 21, 389\u2013401 (2015).","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"76249_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3419","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03419","volume":"3","author":"Y Ogawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ogawa, Y. et al. International chronic ocular graft-vs-host-disease (GVHD) consensus group: Proposed diagnostic criteria for chronic GVHD (Part I). Sci. Rep. 3, 3419 (2013).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"76249_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000171","volume":"26","author":"JC Bavinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bavinger, J. C., DeLoss, K. & Mian, S. I. Scleral lens use in dry eye syndrome. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 26, 319\u2013324 (2015).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"76249_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.9","volume":"52","author":"L Magro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Magro, L. et al. Scleral lenses for severe chronic GvHD-related keratoconjunctivitis sicca: a retrospective study by the SFGM-TC. Bone Marrow Transplant. 52, 878\u2013882 (2017).","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"76249_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.01.028","volume":"121","author":"MM Schornack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schornack, M. M., Pyle, J. & Patel, S. V. Scleral lenses in the management of ocular surface disease. Ophthalmology. 121, 1398\u20131405 (2014).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"76249_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.07.027","volume":"21","author":"C Theophanous","year":"2015","unstructured":"Theophanous, C., Irvine, J. A., Parker, P. & Chiu, G. B. Use of prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem scleral lenses in patients with ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transpl. 21, 2180\u20132184 (2015).","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"76249_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.02.002","volume":"37","author":"E van der Worp","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Worp, E. et al. Modern scleral contact lenses: A review. Contact Lens Anterior Eye. 37, 240\u2013250 (2014).","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"76249_CR10","unstructured":"Jedlicka, J., Johns, L.K & Byrnes, S.P. Contact Lens Spectrum-Scleral Contact Lens Fitting Guide. Contact Lens Spectr. (accessed 09 January 2024); https:\/\/www.clspectrum.com\/issues\/2010\/october\/scleral-contact-lens-fitting-guide\/"},{"key":"76249_CR11","unstructured":"van der Worp, E. A Guide to Scleral Lens Fitting (2 ed.). Monogr Rep Cat (2015)."},{"key":"76249_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2019.09.006","volume":"43","author":"L Michaud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Michaud, L., Lipson, M., Kramer, E. & Walker, M. The official guide to scleral lens terminology. Contact Lens Anterior Eye J. Br. Contact Lens Assoc. 43, 529\u2013534 (2020).","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anterior Eye J. Br. Contact Lens Assoc."},{"key":"76249_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2021.02.001","volume":"44","author":"M Barnett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barnett, M. et al. CLEAR\u2014Scleral lenses. Contact Lens Anterior Eye J. Br. Contact Lens Assoc. 44, 270\u2013288 (2021).","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anterior Eye J. Br. Contact Lens Assoc."},{"key":"76249_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318226bf97","volume":"31","author":"T Dietrich-Ntoukas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dietrich-Ntoukas, T. et al. Diagnosis and treatment of ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease: report from the German-Austrian-Swiss consensus conference on clinical practice in chronic GVHD. Cornea. 31, 299\u2013310 (2012).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"76249_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70083-6","volume":"5","author":"Methodologies to Diagnose and Monitor Dry Eye Disease","year":"2007","unstructured":"Methodologies to Diagnose and Monitor Dry Eye Disease. Report of the diagnostic methodology subcommittee of the international dry eye workShop (2007). Ocul. Surf. 5, 108\u2013152 (2007).","journal-title":"Ocul. Surf."},{"key":"76249_CR16","unstructured":"R Core Team R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienne, Austria. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/ (2023)."},{"key":"76249_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000148311.94180.6b","volume":"24","author":"KW Pullum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pullum, K. W., Whiting, M. A. & Buckley, R. J. Scleral contact lenses: the expanding role. Cornea. 24, 269\u2013277 (2005).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"76249_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.07.037","volume":"149","author":"WB Stason","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stason, W. B. et al. Clinical benefits of the boston ocular surface prosthesis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 149, 54\u201361 (2010).","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"76249_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318188e205","volume":"34","author":"MM Schornack","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schornack, M. M., Baratz, K. H., Patel, S. V. & Maguire, L. J. Jupiter scleral lenses in the management of chronic graft versus host disease. Eye Contact Lens. 34, 302\u2013305 (2008).","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"76249_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2007.05.006","volume":"13","author":"K Takahide","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takahide, K. et al. Use of fluid-ventilated, gas-permeable scleral lens for management of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca secondary to chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transplant. 13, 1016\u20131021 (2007).","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. J. Am. Soc. Blood Marrow Transplant."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76249-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76249-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76249-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T16:07:55Z","timestamp":1729786075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76249-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["76249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-76249-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Yvonne Gier is an employee of Hecht Kontaktlinsen GmbH. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25254"}}