{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:20:53Z","timestamp":1793830853440,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-76836-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1730739762000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The neutrophil\u2013lymphocyte ratio is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xinjian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guisong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"76836_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000757","volume":"141","author":"SS Virani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Virani, S. S. et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 141(9), e139\u2013e596 (2020).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"76836_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00607-3","volume":"19","author":"N Townsend","year":"2022","unstructured":"Townsend, N. et al. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Nature reviews Cardiology 19(2), 133\u2013143 (2022).","journal-title":"Nature reviews Cardiology"},{"issue":"25","key":"76836_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","volume":"76","author":"GA Roth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth, G. A. et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 76(25), 2982\u20133021 (2020).","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"76836_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.12.048","volume":"67","author":"P Libby","year":"2016","unstructured":"Libby, P., Nahrendorf, M. & Swirski, F. K. Leukocytes Link Local and Systemic Inflammation in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease: An Expanded \u201cCardiovascular Continuum\u201d. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 67(9), 1091\u20131103 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"76836_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-019-0326-7","volume":"17","author":"C Silvestre-Roig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silvestre-Roig, C., Braster, Q., Ortega-Gomez, A. & Soehnlein, O. Neutrophils as regulators of cardiovascular inflammation. Nature reviews Cardiology 17(6), 327\u2013340 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature reviews Cardiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"76836_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79431-7","volume":"11","author":"M Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song, M., Graubard, B. I., Rabkin, C. S. & Engels, E. A. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality in the United States general population. Scientific reports 11(1), 464 (2021).","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"10","key":"76836_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.054","volume":"45","author":"BD Horne","year":"2005","unstructured":"Horne, B. D. et al. Which white blood cell subtypes predict increased cardiovascular risk?. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 45(10), 1638\u20131643 (2005).","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"19","key":"76836_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","volume":"385","author":"LA Inker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inker, L. A. et al. New Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based Equations to Estimate GFR without Race. N Engl J Med 385(19), 1737\u20131749 (2021).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"76836_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000042674.89762.20","volume":"106","author":"T Naruko","year":"2002","unstructured":"Naruko, T. et al. Neutrophil infiltration of culprit lesions in acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 106(23), 2894\u20132900 (2002).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"76836_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202682","volume":"13","author":"D Kofink","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kofink, D. et al. Routinely measured hematological parameters and prediction of recurrent vascular events in patients with clinically manifest vascular disease. PloS one 13(9), e0202682 (2018).","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"9","key":"76836_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa1034","volume":"42","author":"NH Adamstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adamstein, N. H. et al. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and incident atherosclerotic events: analyses from five contemporary randomized trials. Eur Heart J 42(9), 896\u2013903 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"4","key":"76836_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.03.062","volume":"106","author":"B Azab","year":"2010","unstructured":"Azab, B. et al. Usefulness of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting short- and long-term mortality after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The American journal of cardiology 106(4), 470\u2013476 (2010).","journal-title":"The American journal of cardiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"76836_CR13","first-page":"676","volume":"32","author":"AH Ate\u015f","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ate\u015f, A. H. et al. Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with the Severity and Morphology of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques Detected by Multidetector Computerized Tomography. Acta Cardiologica Sinica 32(6), 676\u2013683 (2016).","journal-title":"Acta Cardiologica Sinica"},{"issue":"6","key":"76836_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27517","volume":"10","author":"S Hong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hong, S., He, H., Fang, P., Liu, S. & Chen, C. Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hypertension patients. Heliyon 10(6), e27517 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"76836_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03316-6","volume":"23","author":"CC Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, C. C., Wu, C. H., Lee, C. H. & Cheng, C. I. Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and long-term mortality in community-dwelling adults with heart failure: evidence from US NHANES 2005\u20132016. BMC cardiovascular disorders 23(1), 312 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC cardiovascular disorders"},{"key":"76836_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.008","volume":"52","author":"CH Dong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dong, C. H., Wang, Z. M. & Chen, S. Y. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predict mortality and major adverse cardiac events in acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical biochemistry 52, 131\u2013136 (2018).","journal-title":"Clinical biochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"76836_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14436","volume":"45","author":"M Hay\u0131ro\u011flu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hay\u0131ro\u011flu, M. et al. Evaluating systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology\u202f: PACE 45(2), 188\u2013195 (2022).","journal-title":"Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE"},{"issue":"6","key":"76836_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2023-0741","volume":"18","author":"L Pay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pay, L. et al. Evaluation of Naples prognostic score to predict long-term mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism. Biomarkers in medicine 18(6), 253\u2013263 (2024).","journal-title":"Biomarkers in medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"76836_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1177\/00033197231170982","volume":"75","author":"F \u015eayl\u0131k","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u015eayl\u0131k, F. et al. Evaluation of Naples Score for Long-Term Mortality in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Angiology 75(8), 725\u2013733 (2024).","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"76836_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2022.100159","volume":"6","author":"M Kourilovitch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kourilovitch, M. & Galarza-Maldonado, C. Could a simple biomarker as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio reflect complex processes orchestrated by neutrophils?. Journal of translational autoimmunity 6, 100159 (2023).","journal-title":"Journal of translational autoimmunity"},{"key":"76836_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buonacera A, Stancanelli B, Colaci M, Malatino L. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases. International journal of molecular sciences 2022, 23(7).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073636"},{"issue":"21","key":"76836_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4613","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-221630","volume":"114","author":"O Soehnlein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Soehnlein, O., Lindbom, L. & Weber, C. Mechanisms underlying neutrophil-mediated monocyte recruitment. Blood 114(21), 4613\u20134623 (2009).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"76836_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M047449","volume":"55","author":"C Delporte","year":"2014","unstructured":"Delporte, C. et al. Impact of myeloperoxidase-LDL interactions on enzyme activity and subsequent posttranslational oxidative modifications of apoB-100. Journal of lipid research 55(4), 747\u2013757 (2014).","journal-title":"Journal of lipid research"},{"issue":"10","key":"76836_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35740","volume":"118","author":"O Soehnlein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Soehnlein, O. et al. Neutrophil primary granule proteins HBP and HNP1-3 boost bacterial phagocytosis by human and murine macrophages. The Journal of clinical investigation 118(10), 3491\u20133502 (2008).","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical investigation"},{"issue":"7755","key":"76836_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1167-6","volume":"569","author":"C Silvestre-Roig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silvestre-Roig, C. et al. Externalized histone H4 orchestrates chronic inflammation by inducing lytic cell death. Nature 569(7755), 236\u2013240 (2019).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"76836_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.209296","volume":"30","author":"MG Ionita","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ionita, M. G. et al. High neutrophil numbers in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques are associated with characteristics of rupture-prone lesions. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 30(9), 1842\u20131848 (2010).","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"76836_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.01.029","volume":"206","author":"J N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2009","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez, J. et al. Relationship between low lymphocyte count and major cardiac events in patients with acute chest pain, a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram and normal troponin levels. Atherosclerosis 206(1), 251\u2013257 (2009).","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"76836_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16526","volume":"2","author":"DA Zidar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zidar, D. A. et al. Association of Lymphopenia With Risk of Mortality Among Adults in the US General Population. JAMA network open 2(12), e1916526 (2019).","journal-title":"JAMA network open"},{"issue":"11","key":"76836_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000039169.47943.EE","volume":"22","author":"AS Major","year":"2002","unstructured":"Major, A. S., Fazio, S. & Linton, M. F. B-lymphocyte deficiency increases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-null mice. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 22(11), 1892\u20131898 (2002).","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"76836_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000048718.43419.44","volume":"14","author":"D Ducloux","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ducloux, D., Challier, B., Saas, P., Tiberghien, P. & Chalopin, J. M. CD4 cell lymphopenia and atherosclerosis in renal transplant recipients. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology\u202f: JASN 14(3), 767\u2013772 (2003).","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN"},{"issue":"8","key":"76836_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI80055","volume":"125","author":"SE Boag","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boag, S. E. et al. T lymphocytes and fractalkine contribute to myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury in patients. The Journal of clinical investigation 125(8), 3063\u20133076 (2015).","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical investigation"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76836-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76836-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76836-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T21:19:33Z","timestamp":1731014373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-76836-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["76836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-76836-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26692"}}