{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:51:08Z","timestamp":1793033468665,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-77561-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T17:02:27Z","timestamp":1730134947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Predictive power of the eTBI score for 30\u00a0day outcome in elderly patients with traumatic brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Shafiei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Maleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0236-6546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Nasr Isfahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"77561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017","volume":"91","author":"DK Menon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Menon, D. K., Schwab, K., Wright, D. W. & Maas, A. I. Position statement: definition of traumatic brain injury. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 91(11), 1637\u20131640 (2010).","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70262-4","volume":"12","author":"VL Feigin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feigin, V. L. et al. Incidence of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: a population-based study. Lancet Neurol. 12(1), 53\u201364 (2013).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"12","key":"77561_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30371-X","volume":"16","author":"AIR Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas, A. I. R. et al. Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol. 16(12), 987\u20131048 (2017).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2015-041616","volume":"22","author":"JA Haagsma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haagsma, J. A. et al. The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Inj Prev. 22(1), 3\u201318 (2016).","journal-title":"Inj Prev."},{"issue":"4","key":"77561_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.188637","volume":"7","author":"VK Kamal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kamal, V. K., Agrawal, D. & Pandey, R. M. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of traumatic brain injury: evidences from integrated level 1 trauma center in India. J. Neurosci. Rural Pract. 7(4), 515\u2013525 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Rural Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30415-0","volume":"18","author":"Global","year":"2019","unstructured":"Global National burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 18(1), 56\u201387 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"77561_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63954-7.00003-3","volume":"158","author":"ES Sussman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sussman, E. S., Pendharkar, A. V., Ho, A. L. & Ghajar, J. Mild traumatic brain injury and concussion: terminology and classification. Handb. Clin. Neurol. 158, 21\u201324 (2018).","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR8","first-page":"161","volume":"75","author":"M Balestreri","year":"2004","unstructured":"Balestreri, M. et al. Predictive value of Glasgow Coma Scale after brain trauma: change in trend over the past ten years. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 75(1), 161\u2013162 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"77561_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.12.016","volume":"70","author":"SM Green","year":"2017","unstructured":"Green, S. M., Haukoos, J. S. & Schriger, D. L. How to measure the Glasgow Coma Scale. Ann. Emerg. Med. 70(2), 158\u2013160 (2017).","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"77561_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2020.09.017","volume":"101","author":"Y Bodien","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bodien, Y. et al. Diagnosing level of consciousness: the limits of the Glasgow Coma Scale total score. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 101(11), e7 (2020).","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"5","key":"77561_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2021.1890822","volume":"35","author":"IH Gwarzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gwarzo, I. H., Perez-Patron, M., Xu, X., Radcliff, T. & Horney, J. Traumatic brain Injury Related hospitalizations: factors associated with in-hospital mortality among elderly patients hospitalized with a TBI. Brain Inj. 35(5), 554\u2013562 (2021).","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"issue":"5","key":"77561_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0114","volume":"79","author":"D Waltzman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Waltzman, D., Haarbauer-Krupa, J. & Womack, L. S. Traumatic brain Injury in older Adults-A Public Health Perspective. JAMA Neurol. 79(5), 437\u2013438 (2022).","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"77561_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0275","volume":"39","author":"C Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang, C. et al. Epidemiological characteristics of older patients with traumatic brain Injury in China. J. Neurotrauma. 39(11\u201312), 850\u2013859 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"77561_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102376","volume":"99","author":"Z Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma, Z. et al. Traumatic brain injury in elderly population: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of in-hospital mortality and risk factors among 2.22 million individuals. Ageing Res. Rev. 99, 102376 (2024).","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"77561_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000000803","volume":"30","author":"Y Izumisawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Izumisawa, Y. et al. Defining the term Elderly in the field of surgery: a retrospective study regarding the changes in the Immunoinflammatory Indices during the immediate perioperative period of the elective uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutaneous Tech. 30(5), 435\u2013440 (2020).","journal-title":"Surg. Laparoscopy Endoscopy Percutaneous Techniques"},{"issue":"46","key":"77561_CR16","first-page":"3238","volume":"36","author":"F Andreotti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andreotti, F. et al. Antithrombotic therapy in the elderly: expert position paper of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on thrombosis. Eur. Heart J. 36(46), 3238\u20133249 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"10","key":"77561_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czaa113","volume":"35","author":"P Villalobos Dintrans","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villalobos Dintrans, P., Izquierdo, C., Guzm\u00e1n, R., G\u00e1lvez, M. J. & Santander, S. Defining \u2018older people\u2019 in Chile: challenges in planning policies for ageing populations. Health Policy Plann. 35(10), 1347\u20131353 (2020).","journal-title":"Health Policy Plann."},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V33N1p63","volume":"33","author":"BK Gan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gan, B. K., Lim, J. H. & Ng, I. H. Outcome of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury amongst the elderly in Singapore. Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. 33(1), 63\u201367 (2004).","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singap."},{"issue":"4","key":"77561_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.4.0666","volume":"99","author":"CW Hukkelhoven","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hukkelhoven, C. W. et al. Patient age and outcome following severe traumatic brain injury: an analysis of 5600 patients. J. Neurosurg. 99(4), 666\u2013673 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"77561_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(00)00182-7","volume":"19","author":"GL Sternbach","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sternbach, G. L. The Glasgow coma scale. J. Emerg. Med. 19(1), 67\u201371 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"77561_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2013-203488","volume":"32","author":"A Kehoe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kehoe, A., Rennie, S. & Smith, J. E. Glasgow Coma Scale is unreliable for the prediction of severe head injury in elderly trauma patients. Emerg. Med. J. 32(8), 613\u2013615 (2015).","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"key":"77561_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.04.060","volume":"128","author":"EJ Bobeff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bobeff, E. J. et al. Mortality after traumatic brain Injury in e patients: a new scoring system. World Neurosurg. 128, e129\u2013e47 (2019).","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"77561_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.02.037","volume":"161","author":"EJ Bobeff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bobeff, E. J. et al. Validation of the elderly traumatic brain injury score: observational case control study. World Neurosurg. 161, e464\u2013e72 (2022).","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"77561_CR24","unstructured":"Aging and health https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/ageing-and-health (2021)."},{"issue":"8","key":"77561_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.573","volume":"15","author":"JTL Wilson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wilson, J. T. L., Pettigrew, L. E. L. & Teasdale, G. M. Structured interviews for the Glasgow Outcome Scale and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale: guidelines for their use. J. Neurotrauma. 15(8), 573\u2013585 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"8","key":"77561_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.89","volume":"12","author":"T McMillan","year":"2016","unstructured":"McMillan, T. et al. The Glasgow Outcome Scale\u201440 years of application and refinement. Nat. Reviews Neurol. 12(8), 477\u2013485 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Reviews Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"77561_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0510","volume":"25","author":"J Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu, J. et al. Effects of Glasgow Outcome Scale misclassification on traumatic brain injury clinical trials. J. Neurotrauma. 25(6), 641\u2013651 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"77561_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1315","volume":"27","author":"A Brazinova","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brazinova, A. et al. Outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury who have Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3 or 4 and are over 65 years old. J. Neurotrauma. 27(9), 1549\u20131555 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"77561_CR29","first-page":"597","volume":"77","author":"VJG Vasanthakumaran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vasanthakumaran, V. J. G. et al. Outcomes of traumatic brain injury in the patient of 60 years and above: a single centre retrospective study. Med. J. Malays. 77(5), 597\u2013601 (2022).","journal-title":"Med. J. Malaysia"},{"key":"77561_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.04.069","volume":"103","author":"X Wan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wan, X. et al. Is it reliable to predict the outcome of elderly patients with severe traumatic brain Injury using the IMPACT prognostic calculator? World Neurosurg. 103, 584\u2013590 (2017).","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"3","key":"77561_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.349603","volume":"70","author":"P Hazare","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hazare, P. et al. Prediction of surgical outcome for acute traumatic brain injury in older adults. Neurol. India 70(3), 1112\u20131118 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"issue":"2","key":"77561_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.4.JNS142440","volume":"124","author":"KJ Tierney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tierney, K. J., Nayak, N. V., Prestigiacomo, C. J. & Sifri, Z. C. Neurosurgical intervention in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and its effect on neurological outcomes. J. Neurosurg. 124(2), 538\u2013545 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-77561-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-77561-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-77561-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T17:04:54Z","timestamp":1730135094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-77561-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["77561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-77561-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25862"}}