{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:22:06Z","timestamp":1789590126224,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the VSPharm Tech Co., Ltd., Republic of Korea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-78698-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T15:01:59Z","timestamp":1730991719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of antipsychotic drugs during radiotherapy in breast cancer in South Korea: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"In Gyu","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Mi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Ryong","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae-Hwa","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Hwa","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5568-7984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Hwa","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"78698_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61629-2","volume":"378","author":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019","year":"2011","unstructured":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 et al. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet. 378, 1707\u20131716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61629-2 (2011).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"78698_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60488-8","volume":"383","author":"Ebctcg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ebctcg et al. Effect of radiotherapy after mastectomy and axillary surgery on 10-year recurrence and 20-year breast cancer mortality: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 8135 women in 22 randomised trials. Lancet. 383, 2127\u20132135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60488-8 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"78698_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.07.001","volume":"27","author":"O Halfdanarson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Halfdanarson, O. et al. International trends in antipsychotic use: a study in 16 countries, 2005\u20132014. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 27, 1064\u20131076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.07.001 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"78698_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5318","volume":"30","author":"VWS Ng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ng, V. W. S. et al. Bipolar disorder prevalence and psychotropic medication utilisation in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 30, 1588\u20131600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.5318 (2021).","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf."},{"key":"78698_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.6.1113","volume":"161","author":"N Herrmann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Herrmann, N., Mamdani, M. & Lanctot, K. L. Atypical antipsychotics and risk of cerebrovascular accidents. Am. J. Psychiatry. 161, 1113\u20131115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.6.1113 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"78698_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.156","volume":"8","author":"M De Hert","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Hert, M., Detraux, J., van Winkel, R., Yu, W. & Correll, C. U. Metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 8, 114\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2011.156 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"78698_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107088435","volume":"22","author":"C Bushe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bushe, C., Shaw, M. & Peveler, R. C. A review of the association between antipsychotic use and hyperprolactinaemia. J. Psychopharmacol. 22, 46\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269881107088435 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"78698_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.1.64","volume":"29","author":"JR Bostwick","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bostwick, J. R., Guthrie, S. K. & Ellingrod, V. L. Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. Pharmacotherapy. 29, 64\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.29.1.64 (2009).","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"78698_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-014-0157-3","volume":"28","author":"J Peuskens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peuskens, J., Pani, L., Detraux, J. & De Hert, M. The effects of novel and newly approved antipsychotics on serum prolactin levels: a comprehensive review. CNS Drugs. 28, 421\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-014-0157-3 (2014).","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"78698_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00241-8","volume":"8","author":"H Taipale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taipale, H. et al. Antipsychotic use and risk of breast cancer in women with schizophrenia: a nationwide nested case-control study in Finland. Lancet Psychiatry. 8, 883\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00241-8 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"78698_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2022.2047173","volume":"38","author":"AF Aranha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aranha, A. F. et al. Impact of the prolactin levels in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol. Endocrinol. 38, 385\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09513590.2022.2047173 (2022).","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"78698_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25998","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25998","volume":"6","author":"M Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, M., Wu, X., Chai, F., Zhang, Y. & Jiang, J. Plasma prolactin and breast cancer risk: a meta- analysis. Sci. Rep. 6, 25998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep25998 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"78698_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.12.1147","volume":"59","author":"PS Wang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang, P. S. et al. Dopamine antagonists and the development of breast cancer. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 59, 1147\u20131154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.59.12.1147 (2002).","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"78698_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603259","volume":"95","author":"SO Dalton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dalton, S. O. et al. Cancer risk among users of neuroleptic medication: a population-based cohort study. Br. J. Cancer. 95, 934\u2013939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603259 (2006).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"78698_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.11.013","volume":"42","author":"RE Nielsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nielsen, R. E., Lolk, A., Rodrigo-Domingo, M., Valentin, J. B. & Andersen, K. Antipsychotic treatment effects on cardiovascular, cancer, infection, and intentional self-harm as cause of death in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s dementia. Eur. Psychiatry. 42, 14\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.11.013 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"78698_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.01.019","volume":"188","author":"AI Wu Chou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu Chou, A. I., Wang, Y. C., Lin, C. L. & Kao, C. H. Female schizophrenia patients and risk of breast cancer: a population-based cohort study. Schizophr Res. 188, 165\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2017.01.019 (2017).","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"78698_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.03.034","volume":"126","author":"G Anmella","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anmella, G. et al. Risk of cancer in bipolar disorder and the potential role of lithium: International collaborative systematic review and meta-analyses. Neurosci. Biobehav Rev. 126, 529\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.03.034 (2021).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"78698_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johnston, A. N. et al. Hyperprolactinemia-inducing antipsychotics increase breast cancer risk by activating JAK-STAT5 in precancerous lesions. Breast Cancer Res.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-018-0969-z (2018).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-018-0969-z"},{"key":"78698_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562231158925","volume":"31","author":"JD Hope","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hope, J. D., Keks, N. A. & Copolov, D. L. Association between long-term use of prolactin-elevating antipsychotics in women and the risk of breast cancer: what are the clinical implications? Australas Psychiatry. 31, 205\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10398562231158925 (2023).","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"78698_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001513","volume":"42","author":"T Rahman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahman, T. et al. Risk of breast Cancer with Prolactin elevating antipsychotic drugs: an observational study of US women (ages 18\u201364 years). J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 42, 7\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001513 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"78698_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07320-3","volume":"20","author":"BM Hicks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hicks, B. M. et al. Post-diagnostic antipsychotic use and cancer mortality: a population based cohort study. BMC Cancer. 20, 804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-020-07320-3 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"78698_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.3056","volume":"22","author":"CG Ng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ng, C. G., Boks, M. P., Smeets, H. M. & Zainal, N. Z. De Wit, N. J. Prescription patterns for psychotropic drugs in cancer patients; a large population study in the Netherlands. Psychooncology. 22, 762\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pon.3056 (2013).","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"78698_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2019.06.001","volume":"33","author":"FH Shirama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shirama, F. H. et al. Factors associated with common mental disorders and use of psychiatric drugs in cancer outpatients. Arch. Psychiatr Nurs. 33, 88\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apnu.2019.06.001 (2019).","journal-title":"Arch. Psychiatr Nurs."},{"key":"78698_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.21037\/apm.2019.09.14","volume":"8","author":"I El Majzoub","year":"2019","unstructured":"El Majzoub, I., Abunafeesa, H., Cheaito, R., Cheaito, M. A. & Elsayem, A. F. Management of altered mental status and delirium in cancer patients. Ann. Palliat. Med. 8, 728\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/apm.2019.09.14 (2019).","journal-title":"Ann. Palliat. Med."},{"key":"78698_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbu001","volume":"40","author":"S Leucht","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leucht, S. et al. Dose equivalents for second-generation antipsychotics: the minimum effective dose method. Schizophr Bull. 40, 314\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/schbul\/sbu001 (2014).","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull."},{"key":"78698_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","volume":"34","author":"DR Cox","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cox, D. R. Regression models and life-tables. J. R Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat. Methodol. 34, 187\u2013120 (1972).","journal-title":"J. R Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat. Methodol."},{"key":"78698_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1958.10501452","volume":"53","author":"EL Kaplan","year":"1958","unstructured":"Kaplan, E. L. & Meier, P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 53, 457\u2013481 (1958).","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-78698-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-78698-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-78698-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T15:08:13Z","timestamp":1730992093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-78698-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["78698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-78698-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"27138"}}