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Hydrodistilled (HD) essential oil was prepared in the present study as a standard. Olive oil maceration (OM) and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) technology were separately applied to extract the essential oil of rosemary. The three obtained products, HD, OM, and SC-CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, were compared concerning their main constituents using GC\u2012MS. Their antimicrobial properties were evaluated against eight microbes by the disc diffusion assay. Interestingly, both 1,8-cineol and camphor were the major compounds in the three oils. \u03b1-Pinene was also detected in large amounts in both HD and OM. Additionally, borneol was the third major component in SC-CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The antimicrobial results revealed differential effects against six microbes. However, HD oil also exhibited antifungal activity. Maceration is a green extraction procedure that is easy to perform in households, and attention must be paid to olive oil maceration as a complementary medicine that originated in pharaohs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-79832-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T13:39:04Z","timestamp":1732887544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["In sight on olive oil maceration and supercritical CO2 in extracting rosemary essential oil"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Maha Mohamed","family":"Soltan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabry","family":"Mahfouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma H.","family":"Motawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman A.","family":"Karam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"El-Hagrassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"79832_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2005.03.033","volume":"39","author":"Y Peng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Peng, Y., Yuan, J., Liu, F. & Ye, J. 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