{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T14:40:08Z","timestamp":1750689608993,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-83175-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T17:01:07Z","timestamp":1748019667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Poorer performance on physical frailty-related parameters is associated with depression among older rural Indians"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jonas S.","family":"Sundarakumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pravin","family":"Sahadevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Hiremath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pooja","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"83175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Global and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry. 9(2), 137\u2013150 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3"},{"key":"83175_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2022.103417","volume":"80","author":"H Cai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cai, H. et al. Global prevalence of depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys. Asian J. Psychiatr. 80, 103417 (2023).","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr"},{"key":"83175_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153621","volume":"5","author":"A Fiske","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fiske, A., Wetherell, J. L. & Gatz, M. Depression in older adults. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 5, 363\u2013389 (2009).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"12","key":"83175_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00565-x","volume":"17","author":"V Ravindranath","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ravindranath, V. & Sundarakumar, J. S. Changing demography and the challenge of dementia in India. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 17 (12), 747\u2013758 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7136-z","volume":"19","author":"M Pilania","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pilania, M. et al. Prevalence of depression among the elderly (60 years and above) population in India, 1997\u20132016: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public. Health. 19 (1), 832 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Public. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"83175_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_458_18","volume":"60","author":"OP Singh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Singh, O. P. Closing treatment gap of mental disorders in India: Opportunity in new competency-based medical council of India curriculum. Indian J. Psychiatry. 60 (4), 375\u2013376 (2018).","journal-title":"Indian J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_102_17","volume":"59","author":"RS Murthy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murthy, R. S. National Mental Health Survey of India 2015\u20132016. Indian J. Psychiatry. 59 (1), 21\u201326 (2017).","journal-title":"Indian J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"83175_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remes, O., Mendes, J. F. & Templeton, P. Biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression: A review of recent literature. Brain Sci. 11(12). (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11121633"},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e16","volume":"35","author":"H Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, H., Lee, E. & Jang, I. Y. Frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment. J. Korean Med. Sci. 35 (3), e16 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"issue":"9868","key":"83175_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","volume":"381","author":"A Clegg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clegg, A., Young, J., Iliffe, S., Rikkert, M. O. & Rockwood, K. Frailty in elderly people. Lancet 381 (9868), 752\u2013762 (2013).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"83175_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.19111158","volume":"177","author":"KW Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi, K. W. et al. An exposure-wide and mendelian randomization approach to identifying modifiable factors for the prevention of depression. Am. J. Psychiatry. 177 (10), 944\u2013954 (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"83175_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12508","volume":"18","author":"W Chu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chu, W., Chang, S. F. & Ho, H. Y. Adverse health effects of frailty: systematic review and meta-analysis of middle-aged and older adults with implications for evidence-based practice. Worldviews Evid. Based Nurs. 18 (4), 282\u2013289 (2021).","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid. Based Nurs."},{"key":"83175_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S69632","volume":"10","author":"L Vaughan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vaughan, L., Corbin, A. L. & Goveas, J. S. Depression and frailty in later life: a systematic review. Clin. Interv. Aging. 10, 1947\u20131958 (2015).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR14","first-page":"362","volume":"72","author":"N Veronese","year":"2017","unstructured":"Veronese, N. et al. A comparison of objective physical performance tests and future mortality in the elderly people. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 72 (3), 362\u2013368 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"83175_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freitag, S. & Schmidt, S. Psychosocial correlates of frailty in older adults. Geriatr. (Basel). 1(4). (2016).","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics1040026"},{"issue":"7","key":"83175_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-012-0084-2","volume":"16","author":"JE Morley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morley, J. E., Malmstrom, T. K. & Miller, D. K. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 16 (7), 601\u2013608 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"83175_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204062232090427","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622320904278","volume":"11","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Chan, P. & Ma, L. Reliability and validity of the self-reported frailty screening questionnaire in older adults. Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis. 11, 2040622320904278 (2020).","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","volume":"56","author":"LP Fried","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fried, L. P. et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 56 (3), M146\u2013M156 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"83175_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.04.068","volume":"215","author":"V Chainani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chainani, V. et al. Objective measures of the frailty syndrome (hand grip strength and gait speed) and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review. Int. J. Cardiol. 215, 487\u2013493 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-020-00255-5","volume":"18","author":"XS Yee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yee, X. S. et al. Performance on sit-to-stand tests in relation to measures of functional fitness and sarcopenia diagnosis in community-dwelling older adults. Eur. Rev. Aging Phys. Act. 18 (1), 1 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Aging Phys. Act."},{"issue":"11","key":"83175_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2699124","volume":"25","author":"N Millor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Millor, N. et al. Gait velocity and chair sit-stand-sit performance improves current frailty-status identification. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 25 (11), 2018\u20132025 (2017).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"issue":"10","key":"83175_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2022.2070811","volume":"39","author":"M \u00d6zkeskin","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00d6zkeskin, M., \u00d6zden, F., Ar, E. & Y\u00fcceyar, N. The reliability and validity of the 30-second chair stand test and modified four square step test in persons with multiple sclerosis. Physiother. Theory Pract. 39 (10), 2189\u20132195 (2023).","journal-title":"Physiother. Theory Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311X00148213","volume":"30","author":"C Mello Ade","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mello Ade, C., Engstrom, E. M. & Alves, L. C. Health-related and socio-demographic factors associated with frailty in the elderly: a systematic literature review. Cad Saude Publica. 30 (6), 1143\u20131168 (2014).","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464816688310","volume":"38","author":"D Duppen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duppen, D., Van der Elst, M. C. J., Dury, S., Lambotte, D. & De Donder, L. The social environment\u2019s relationship with frailty: evidence from existing studies. J. Appl. Gerontol. 38 (1), 3\u201326 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Gerontol."},{"key":"83175_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sundarakumar, J. S., Raviteja, K. V., Muniz\u2010Terrera, G. & Ravindranath, V. Normative data for three physical frailty parameters in an aging, rural Indian population. Health Sci. Rep.  5 (2), e567 (2022).","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.567"},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10688-x","volume":"21","author":"CM Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, C. M. et al. Frailty status changes are associated with healthcare utilization and subsequent mortality in the elderly population. BMC Public. Health. 21 (1), 645 (2021).","journal-title":"BMC Public. Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.09.017","volume":"77","author":"EO Hoogendijk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoogendijk, E. O. et al. Do psychosocial resources modify the effects of frailty on functional decline and mortality? J. Psychosom. Res. 77 (6), 547\u2013551 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04911-9","volume":"23","author":"T Muhammad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muhammad, T. Life course rural\/urban place of residence, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among older adults: findings from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India. BMC Psychiatry. 23 (1), 391 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12741","volume":"19","author":"JS Sundarakumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sundarakumar, J. S., Menesgere, A. L., Jain, S., Hameed, S. K. S. & Ravindranath, V. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric conditions and cognitive impairment in two parallel, aging study cohorts from rural and urban India. Alzheimers Dement. 19 (6), 2469\u20132478 (2023).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e901","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.901","volume":"5","author":"JS Sundarakumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sundarakumar, J. S., Menesgere, A. L., Hameed, S. K. S. & Ravindranath, V. Depression and anxiety during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in two large, prospective, aging cohorts in rural and urban India. Health Sci. Rep. 5 (6), e901 (2022).","journal-title":"Health Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12722","volume":"19","author":"VS Ravindranath","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ravindranath, V. S. & Aging Neuro Senescence and COGnition (SANSCOG) study: study protocol. Alzheimers Dement. 19 (6), 2450\u20132459 (2023).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"83175_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S194543","volume":"14","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bohannon, R. W. Grip strength: an indispensable biomarker for older adults. Clin. Interv. Aging. 14, 1681\u20131691 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR33","first-page":"387","volume":"67","author":"S Mathias","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mathias, S., Nayak, U. S. & Isaacs, B. Balance in elderly patients: the get-up and go test. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 67 (6), 387\u2013389 (1986).","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1159\/000314963","volume":"57","author":"T Herman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herman, T., Giladi, N. & Hausdorff, J. M. Properties of the \u2018timed up and go\u2019 test: more than meets the eye. Gerontology 57 (3), 203\u2013210 (2011).","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"83175_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.1999.10608028","volume":"70","author":"CJ Jones","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jones, C. J., Rikli, R. E. & Beam, W. C. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res. Q. Exerc. Sport. 70 (2), 113\u2013119 (1999).","journal-title":"Res. Q. Exerc. Sport"},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4","volume":"17","author":"JA Yesavage","year":"1982","unstructured":"Yesavage, J. A. et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J. Psychiatr. Res. 17 (1), 37\u201349 (1982).","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"83175_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1813_20","volume":"10","author":"AM Thomas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomas, A. M., Cherian, V. & Antony, A. Translation, validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the geriatric depression scale (GDS-30) for utilization amongst speakers of Malayalam; the regional language of the South Indian State of Kerala. J. Family Med. Prim. Care. 10 (5), 1863\u20131867 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Family Med. Prim. Care"},{"key":"83175_CR38","unstructured":"IBM Corp. SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk (IBM Corp, 2017)."},{"key":"83175_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.006","volume":"323","author":"JW Oh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oh, J. W. et al. Reduced grip strength potentially indicates depression: Investigating multicontinental databases. J. Affect. Disord. 323, 426\u2013434 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord"},{"key":"83175_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.09.036","volume":"243","author":"G Ashdown-Franks","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ashdown-Franks, G. et al. Handgrip strength and depression among 34,129 adults aged 50 years and older in six low- and middle-income countries. J. Affect. Disord. 243, 448\u2013454 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"83175_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04944-z","volume":"24","author":"T Nazari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nazari, T. et al. The association of depressive symptoms with handgrip strength and gait speed in community-dwelling older adults: data from the baseline phase of Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study. BMC Geriatr. 24 (1), 393 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"10","key":"83175_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13497","volume":"29","author":"L Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith, L. et al. The association of grip strength with depressive symptoms and cortisol in hair: A cross-sectional study of older adults. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 29 (10), 1604\u20131609 (2019).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"83175_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937087","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.937087","volume":"14","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. The association between grip strength and depression among adults aged 60 years and older: a large-scaled population-based study from the longitudinal aging study in India. Front. Aging Neurosci. 14, 937087 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"83175_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S239053","volume":"15","author":"WH Staples","year":"2020","unstructured":"Staples, W. H., Kays, A. & Richman, R. Examination of the correlation between physical and psychological measures in community-dwelling older adults. Clin. Interv Aging. 15, 293\u2013300 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv Aging"},{"key":"83175_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gal\u00e1n-Arroyo, C. et al. Association between agility, health-related quality of life, depression, and anthropometric variables in physically active older adult women with depression. Healthc. (Basel) ;10(1). (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10010100"},{"key":"83175_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bae, S. et al. Nonlinear associations between physical function, physical activity, sleep, and depressive symptoms in older adults. J. Clin. Med. 12(18). (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12186009"},{"issue":"6","key":"83175_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.150257","volume":"11","author":"YC Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee, Y. C. A study of the relationship between depression symptom and physical performance in elderly women. J. Exerc. Rehabil. 11 (6), 367\u2013371 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Exerc. Rehabil."},{"issue":"9","key":"83175_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e038089","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038089","volume":"10","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, L. et al. Correlation of sarcopenia and depressive mood in older community dwellers: a cross-sectional observational study in China. BMJ Open. 10 (9), e038089 (2020).","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"issue":"9","key":"83175_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001355","volume":"26","author":"S Ganasarajah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ganasarajah, S. et al. Objective measures of physical performance associated with depression and\/or anxiety in midlife Singaporean women. Menopause 26 (9), 1045\u20131051 (2019).","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-023-01444-0","volume":"94","author":"MS Depping","year":"2023","unstructured":"Depping, M. S., K\u00f6hler-Ipek, L., Ullrich, P., Hauer, K. & Wolf, R. C. Late-life depression and frailty-Epidemiological, clinical and neurobiological associations. Nervenarzt 94 (3), 234\u2013239 (2023).","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"9","key":"83175_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2014.967174","volume":"19","author":"C Buigues","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buigues, C. et al. The relationship between depression and frailty syndrome: a systematic review. Aging Ment. Health. 19 (9), 762\u2013772 (2015).","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"83175_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0234-1","volume":"16","author":"S Moreira Bde","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moreira Bde, S. et al. The geriatric depression scale and the timed up and go test predict fear of falling in community-dwelling elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr. 16, 56 (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"83175_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu180","volume":"71","author":"M Lohman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lohman, M., Dumenci, L. & Mezuk, B. Depression and frailty in late life: evidence for a common vulnerability. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 71 (4), 630\u2013640 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"83175_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113273","volume":"263","author":"H Mayerl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mayerl, H., Stolz, E. & Freidl, W. Frailty and depression: Reciprocal influences or common causes? Soc. Sci. Med. 263, 113273 (2020).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"83175_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12689","volume":"62","author":"M Lohman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lohman, M., Dumenci, L. & Mezuk, B. Sex differences in the construct overlap of frailty and depression: evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 62 (3), 500\u2013505 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"11","key":"83175_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2013.04.010","volume":"22","author":"PJ Brown","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brown, P. J. et al. Frailty and depression in older adults: a high-risk clinical population. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 22 (11), 1083\u20131095 (2014).","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"83175_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S328432","volume":"17","author":"I Aprahamian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aprahamian, I., Borges, M. K., Hanssen, D. J. C., Jeuring, H. W. & Oude Voshaar, R. C. The frail depressed patient: a narrative review on treatment challenges. Clin. Interv. Aging. 17, 979\u2013990 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"83175_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e043494","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-043494","volume":"11","author":"R Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu, R., Li, Q., Guo, F., Zhao, M. & Zhang, L. Prevalence and risk factors of frailty among people in rural areas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 11 (4), e043494 (2021).","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"83175_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Lepe, M. A., Miranda-Gil, M. I., Valbuena-Gregorio, E. & Olivas-Aguirre, F. J. Exercise programs combined with diet supplementation improve body composition and physical function in older adults with sarcopenia: a systematic review. Nutrients. 15(8). (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15081998"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-83175-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-83175-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-83175-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T14:02:09Z","timestamp":1750687329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-83175-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["83175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-83175-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original online version of this Article was revised: In the original version of this Article, Reference 25, \u201cAzhuvalappil, S. et al. Sex-specific differences in the association between APOE genotype and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older rural Indians. Metab. Open. 22, 100281 (2024).\u201d was incorrectly cited in the Article and listed in the Reference list. This reference has now been removed and replaced with the correct citation of Reference 25: \u201cSundarakumar, J. S., Raviteja, K. V., Muniz\u2010Terrera, G. & Ravindranath, V. Normative data for three physical frailty parameters in an aging, rural Indian population. Health Sci. Rep. 5 (2), e567, (2022).\u201d","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18015"}}