{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T16:51:03Z","timestamp":1793638263707,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-00448-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T06:50:43Z","timestamp":1746600643000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between thyroid function and osteopenia or osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study in China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenglian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuyan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"448_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ITC17","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201708010","volume":"167","author":"KE Ensrud","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ensrud, K. E. & Crandall, C. J. Osteoporosis. Ann. Intern. Med. 167, ITC17\u2013ITC32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/AITC201708010 (2017).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"448_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2020.06.004","volume":"104","author":"CB Johnston","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johnston, C. B. & Dagar, M. Osteoporosis in older adults. Med. Clin. N. Am. 104, 873\u2013884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcna.2020.06.004 (2020).","journal-title":"Med. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"448_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15234895","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Distinct metabolites in osteopenia and osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15234895 (2023).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"448_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02772-0","volume":"16","author":"N Salari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salari, N. et al. The global prevalence of osteoporosis in the world: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Orthop. Surg. Res. 16, 609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02772-0 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"448_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldaa005","volume":"133","author":"MA Clynes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Clynes, M. A. et al. The epidemiology of osteoporosis. Br. Med. Bull. 133, 105\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/ldaa005 (2020).","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"448_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-022-01061-5","volume":"17","author":"CL Gregson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gregson, C. L. et al. Uk clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Arch. Osteoporos. 17, 58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-022-01061-5 (2022).","journal-title":"Arch. Osteoporos."},{"key":"448_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2409","volume":"99","author":"MA Garmendia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garmendia, M. A., Santos, P. S., Guillen-Grima, F. & Galofre, J. C. The incidence and prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Europe: A meta-analysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 99, 923\u2013931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-2409 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2023.1701","volume":"38","author":"AR Hong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hong, A. R. & Kang, H. C. Evaluation and management of bone health in patients with thyroid diseases: A position statement of the Korean Thyroid Association. Endocrinol. Metab. 38, 175\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/EnM.2023.1701 (2023).","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044-014-0012-0","volume":"7","author":"D Tuchendler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tuchendler, D. & Bolanowski, M. The influence of thyroid dysfunction on bone metabolism. Thyroid Res. 7, 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13044-014-0012-0 (2014).","journal-title":"Thyroid Res."},{"key":"448_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2018-0039","author":"K Tsevis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsevis, K. et al. The influence of thyroid disorders on bone density and biochemical markers of bone metabolism. Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hmbci-2018-0039 (2018).","journal-title":"Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"448_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1051","volume":"99","author":"MC Garin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garin, M. C., Arnold, A. M., Lee, J. S., Robbins, J. & Cappola, A. R. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and hip fracture and bone mineral density in older adults: The cardiovascular health study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 99, 2657\u20132664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2014-1051 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2005.09.009","volume":"37","author":"WY Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee, W. Y. et al. Relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and femoral neck bone mineral density in women. Arch. Med. Res. 37, 511\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2005.09.009 (2006).","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"key":"448_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0059","volume":"213","author":"JJ Nicholls","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nicholls, J. J., Brassill, M. J., Williams, G. R. & Bassett, J. H. The skeletal consequences of thyrotoxicosis. J. Endocrinol. 213, 209\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/JOE-12-0059 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"448_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-017-0828-5","volume":"36","author":"R Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, R. et al. The relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of fracture or low bone mineral density: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 36, 209\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-017-0828-5 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.12.001","volume":"40","author":"MS Morris","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morris, M. S. The association between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone in its reference range and bone status in postmenopausal American women. Bone 40, 1128\u20131134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2006.12.001 (2007).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"448_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0043","volume":"29","author":"B Biondi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Biondi, B. & Cooper, D. S. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr. Rev. 29, 76\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2006-0043 (2008).","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"448_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.05.007","volume":"43","author":"JH Bassett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bassett, J. H. & Williams, G. R. Critical role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in bone. Bone 43, 418\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2008.05.007 (2008).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"448_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622200","volume":"4","author":"JA Kanis","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kanis, J. A. Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis: Synopsis of a who report. Who Study Group. Osteoporosis Int. 4, 368\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01622200 (1994).","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int."},{"key":"448_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2019.07.001","volume":"22","author":"CR Shuhart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shuhart, C. R. et al. Executive summary of the 2019 ISCD position development conference on monitoring treatment, Dxa cross-calibration and least significant change, spinal cord injury, peri-prosthetic and orthopedic bone health, transgender medicine, and pediatrics. J. Clin. Densitom. 22, 453\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocd.2019.07.001 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Densitom."},{"key":"448_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1089\/105072503322238854","volume":"13","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vestergaard, P. & Mosekilde, L. Hyperthyroidism, bone mineral, and fracture risk\u2014A meta-analysis. Thyroid 13, 585\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/105072503322238854 (2003).","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"448_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00009","volume":"134","author":"DC Bauer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bauer, D. C., Ettinger, B., Nevitt, M. C. & Stone, K. L. Risk for fracture in women with low serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Ann. Intern. Med. 134, 561\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00009 (2001).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"448_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2261041.x","volume":"47","author":"E Jodar","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jodar, E., Munoz-Torres, M., Escobar-Jimenez, F., Quesada-Charneco, M. & Lund, D. C. J. Bone loss in hyperthyroid patients and in former hyperthyroid patients controlled on medical therapy: Influence of aetiology and menopause. Clin. Endocrinol. 47, 279\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2261041.x (1997).","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"448_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.2001.3268","volume":"75","author":"CB Harvey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harvey, C. B. et al. Molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone effects on bone growth and function. Mol. Genet. Metab. 75, 17\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/mgme.2001.3268 (2002).","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041034","author":"AP Delitala","year":"2020","unstructured":"Delitala, A. P., Scuteri, A. & Doria, C. Thyroid hormone diseases and osteoporosis. J. Clin. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9041034 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"448_CR25","first-page":"40","volume":"64","author":"D Tuchendler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tuchendler, D. & Bolanowski, M. Assessment of bone metabolism in premenopausal females with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Endokrynol. Pol. 64, 40\u201344 (2013).","journal-title":"Endokrynol. Pol."},{"key":"448_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33","DOI":"10.47750\/jptcp.2022.929","volume":"29","author":"AH Mohamed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohamed, A. H., Naji, N. S. & Al-Saadi, A. H. Study of the relationship between Ft3, Ft4, and Tsh with bone resorption indices in men with hypothyroidism. J. Popul. Ther. Clin. Pharmacol. 29, e33\u2013e39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47750\/jptcp.2022.929 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Popul. Ther. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"448_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.5161","volume":"313","author":"MR Blum","year":"2015","unstructured":"Blum, M. R. et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fracture risk: A meta-analysis. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 313, 2055\u20132065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2015.5161 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"448_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13615","volume":"89","author":"R Siru","year":"2018","unstructured":"Siru, R. et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and circulating thyroid hormones are not associated with bone turnover markers or incident hip fracture in older men. Clin. Endocrinol. 89, 93\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.13615 (2018).","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"448_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-830541","volume":"113","author":"J Kvetny","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kvetny, J. Subclinical hyperthyroidism in patients with nodular goiter represents a hypermetabolic state. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabet. 113, 122\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2004-830541 (2005).","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabet."},{"key":"448_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.02.017","volume":"48","author":"L Tauchmanova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tauchmanova, L. et al. Reduced bone mass detected by bone quantitative ultrasonometry and dexa in pre- and postmenopausal women with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism. Maturitas 48, 299\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.02.017 (2004).","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"448_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000057956","volume":"57","author":"A Bertoli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bertoli, A. et al. Effect of subclinical hypothyroidism and obesity on whole-body and regional bone mineral content. Horm Res. 57, 79\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000057956 (2002).","journal-title":"Horm Res."},{"key":"448_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1999.9.539","volume":"9","author":"A Gurlek","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gurlek, A. & Gedik, O. Effect of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism on bone metabolism and bone mineral density in premenopausal women. Thyroid 9, 539\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.1999.9.539 (1999).","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"448_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02422.x","volume":"64","author":"DJ Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim, D. J., Khang, Y. H., Koh, J. M., Shong, Y. K. & Kim, G. S. Low normal Tsh levels are associated with low bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal women. Clin. Endocrinol. 64, 86\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02422.x (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"448_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0158","volume":"18","author":"G Grimnes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grimnes, G., Emaus, N., Joakimsen, R. M., Figenschau, Y. & Jorde, R. The relationship between serum Tsh and bone mineral density in men and postmenopausal women: The tromso study. Thyroid 18, 1147\u20131155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2008.0158 (2008).","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"448_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6403","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0872","volume":"90","author":"AW van den Beld","year":"2005","unstructured":"van den Beld, A. W., Visser, T. J., Feelders, R. A., Grobbee, D. E. & Lamberts, S. W. Thyroid hormone concentrations, disease, physical function, and mortality in elderly men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 6403\u20136409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-0872 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2010.06.027","volume":"503","author":"IR Reid","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reid, I. R. Fat and bone. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 503, 20\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2010.06.027 (2010).","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"448_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16277","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110286108","volume":"108","author":"R Baliram","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baliram, R. et al. Thyroid-stimulating hormone induces a wnt-dependent, feed-forward loop for osteoblastogenesis in embryonic stem cell cultures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108, 16277\u201316282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1110286108 (2011).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"448_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(03)00771-2","volume":"115","author":"E Abe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Abe, E. et al. Tsh is a negative regulator of skeletal remodeling. Cell 115, 151\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(03)00771-2 (2003).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"448_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.98014","volume":"16","author":"RK Marwaha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marwaha, R. K. et al. Thyroid function and bone mineral density among Indian subjects. Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab. 16, 575\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2230-8210.98014 (2012).","journal-title":"Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-7-72","volume":"7","author":"TZ Belsing","year":"2010","unstructured":"Belsing, T. Z., Tofteng, C., Langdahl, B. L., Charles, P. & Feldt-Rasmussen, U. Can bone loss be reversed by antithyroid drug therapy in premenopausal women with Graves\u2019 disease?. Nutr. Metab. 7, 72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-7075-7-72 (2010).","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2630","volume":"95","author":"E Murphy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Murphy, E. et al. Thyroid function within the upper normal range is associated with reduced bone mineral density and an increased risk of nonvertebral fractures in healthy euthyroid postmenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 95, 3173\u20133181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-2630 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4149\/endo_2010_01_9","volume":"44","author":"L Baqi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baqi, L. et al. The level of Tsh appeared favourable in maintaining bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Endocr. Regul. 44, 9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4149\/endo_2010_01_9 (2010).","journal-title":"Endocr. Regul."},{"key":"448_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1081\/erc-120026945","volume":"29","author":"B Ugur-Altun","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ugur-Altun, B., Altun, A., Arikan, E., Guldiken, S. & Tugrul, A. Relationships existing between the serum cytokine levels and bone mineral density in women in the premenopausal period affected by Graves\u2019 disease with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Endocr. Res. 29, 389\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/erc-120026945 (2003).","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"448_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e643","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab674","volume":"107","author":"NA van Vliet","year":"2022","unstructured":"van Vliet, N. A. et al. Thyroid function and risk of anemia: A multivariable-adjusted and mendelian randomization analysis in the UK biobank. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 107, e643\u2013e652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab674 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"448_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145292","volume":"10","author":"TH Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim, T. H. et al. A Modest protective effect of thyrotropin against bone loss is associated with plasma triiodothyronine levels. PLoS ONE 10, e145292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0145292 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"448_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-05205-1","volume":"31","author":"K Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, K. et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction, bone mineral density, and osteoporosis in a middle-aged korean population. Osteoporosis Int. 31, 547\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05205-1 (2020).","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00448-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00448-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00448-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T06:50:43Z","timestamp":1746600643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00448-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-00448-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15880"}}