{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T02:51:47Z","timestamp":1793760707663,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"HarraNatura Food R&D Ltd Sanliurfa Company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The wild-grown Gilaburu (\n                    <jats:italic>Viburnum opulus L.<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) fruit, traditionally consumed in Turkey and some Central and Northern European countries, has remarkable bioactive properties due to its high anthocyanin, phenolic compound, and organic acid content. This study produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Gilaburu fruit using a reduction-based biosynthetic approach with plant extract as a green synthesis method. The research aimed to determine the optimum AgNP production parameters under different temperatures (50\u00a0\u00b0C, 90\u00a0\u00b0C, and 100\u00a0\u00b0C) and pH (7, 8, 9, 10, and 11) conditions and to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of these nanoparticles. The characterization of the synthesized AgNPs was carried out using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy\u2013Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The size of the obtained nanoparticles varied between 20.25 and 25.24\u00a0nm on average, depending on each synthesis condition. Antimicrobial activity assessment was performed using the standard agar diffusion method. Four bacterial strains (\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and one yeast strain (\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were used. Silver nanoparticle suspensions were applied to the agar surface, and the inhibition zones formed after the incubation period were measured to evaluate their antimicrobial effects. Synthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; however, no antimicrobial activity was detected against\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Spectral analysis results of some samples that were not completely crystalline were similar to those of crystalline AgNPs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-00595-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:19:53Z","timestamp":1762280393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Gilaburu under varying temperature and pH, with antimicrobial activity and spectral inconsistencies"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3612-9055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serap","family":"G\u00fcne\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demet","family":"Ektiren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Vardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"595_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2013.07.039","volume":"116","author":"K Geetha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Geetha, K., Umadevi, M., Sathe, G. V. & Erenler, R. Spectroscopic investigations on the orientation of 1,4-dibromonaphthalene on silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 116, 236\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2013.07.039 (2013).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"15","key":"595_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CARRES.2004.08.005","volume":"339","author":"H Huang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang, H. & Yang, X. Synthesis of polysaccharide-stabilized gold and silver nanoparticles: a green method. Carbohydr. Res. 339 (15), 2627\u20132631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.CARRES.2004.08.005 (2004).","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4833","DOI":"10.1002\/AOC.4833","volume":"33","author":"Z Karimi Ghezeli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karimi Ghezeli, Z., Hekmati, M. & Veisi, H. Synthesis of Imatinib-loaded chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles as an anti-cancer agent for pH responsive targeted drug delivery. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 33 (4), e4833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/AOC.4833 (2019).","journal-title":"Appl. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"595_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JPHOTOCHEMREV.2019.06.001","volume":"40","author":"V Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez, V., Terashima, C. & Fujishima, A. Applications of photocatalytic titanium dioxide-based nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture. J. Photochem. Photobiol., C. 40, 49\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JPHOTOCHEMREV.2019.06.001 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., C"},{"key":"595_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101729","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BCAB.2020.101729","volume":"28","author":"S Saqib","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saqib, S. et al. Postharvest disease Inhibition in fruit by synthesis and characterization of Chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 28, 101729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BCAB.2020.101729 (2020).","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1002\/JSFA.8749","volume":"98","author":"DY Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, D. Y. et al. Recent developments in nanotechnology transforming the agricultural sector: a transition replete with opportunities. J. Sci. Food Agric. 98 (3), 849\u2013864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/JSFA.8749 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"595_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gebreslassie, G. et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of g-C3N4\/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite and its enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 33 (8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/AOC.5002 (2019).","DOI":"10.1002\/AOC.5002"},{"issue":"11","key":"595_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5190","DOI":"10.1002\/AOC.5190","volume":"33","author":"S Saqib","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saqib, S. et al. Organometallic assembling of chitosan-Iron oxide nanoparticles with their antifungal evaluation against rhizopus oryzae. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 33 (11), e5190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/AOC.5190 (2019).","journal-title":"Appl. Organomet. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P72","DOI":"10.1080\/19430871003684440","volume":"1","author":"R Ravichandran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ravichandran, R. Nanotechnology applications in food and food processing: innovative green approaches, opportunities and uncertainties for global market. Int. J. Green. Nanotechnology: Phys. Chem. 1 (2), P72\u2013P96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19430871003684440 (2010).","journal-title":"Int. J. Green. Nanotechnology: Phys. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/17518253.2020.1802517","volume":"13","author":"I Ijaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ijaz, I., Gilani, E., Nazir, A. & Bukhari, A. Detail review on chemical, physical and green synthesis, classification, characterizations and applications of nanoparticles. Green. Chem. Lett. Rev. 13 (3), 59\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17518253.2020.1802517 (2020).","journal-title":"Green. Chem. Lett. Rev."},{"key":"595_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2009.02.008","volume":"339","author":"H Bar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bar, H. et al. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using latex of Jatropha curcas. Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp. 339, 1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2009.02.008 (2009).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5221","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10105221","volume":"10","author":"F Okafor","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okafor, F., Janen, A., Kukhtareva, T., Edwards, V. & Curley, M. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their characterization, application and antibacterial activity. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 10 (10), 5221\u20135238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph10105221 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"595_CR13","unstructured":"Hasan, S. A review on nanoparticles: their synthesis and types, (2015). [Online]. Available: www.isca.me."},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.5923\/J.NN.20120204.06","volume":"2","author":"AM Awwad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Awwad, A. M. & Salem, N. M. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles bymulberry LeavesExtract. Nanosci. Nanatechnol. 2 (4), 125\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5923\/J.NN.20120204.06 (2012).","journal-title":"Nanosci. Nanatechnol."},{"key":"595_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3189043","author":"SA Akintelu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akintelu, S. A., Bo, Y. & Folorunso, A. S. A review on synthesis, optimization, mechanism, characterization, and antibacterial application of silver nanoparticles synthesized from plants. Hindawi Ltd. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/3189043 (2020).","journal-title":"Hindawi Ltd."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SJBS.2020.12.036","volume":"28","author":"TM Dawoud","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dawoud, T. M., Yassin, M. A., El-Samawaty, A. R. M. & Elgorban, A. M. Silver nanoparticles synthesized by Nigrospora oryzae showed antifungal activity. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 28 (3), 1847\u20131852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SJBS.2020.12.036 (2021).","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"595_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25010112","author":"S Bayda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bayda, S., Adeel, M., Tuccinardi, T., Cordani, M. & Rizzolio, F. The history of nanoscience and nanotechnology: from chemical-physical applications to nanomedicine. MDPI AG. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25010112 (2020).","journal-title":"MDPI AG"},{"key":"595_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Naqvi, S. I. Z. et al. Antifungal Activity of Juglans-regia-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Aspergillus-ochraceus-Induced Toxicity in In Vitro and In Vivo Settings, J Funct Biomater, vol. 14, no. 4, (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfb14040221","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14040221"},{"key":"595_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCIS.2015.07.012","volume":"457","author":"D Nayak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nayak, D., Pradhan, S., Ashe, S., Rauta, P. R. & Nayak, B. Biologically synthesised silver nanoparticles from three diverse family of plant extracts and their anticancer activity against epidermoid A431 carcinoma. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 457, 329\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JCIS.2015.07.012 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"595_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rashidipour, M. & Heydari, R. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Olive leaf: synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells. J. Nanostructure Chem. 4 (3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40097-014-0112-3 (2014).","DOI":"10.1007\/s40097-014-0112-3"},{"key":"595_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rehman, H. et al. April,., Delpinium uncinatum mediated green synthesis of AgNPs and its antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potentials, PLoS One, vol. 18, no. 4 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0280553","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0280553"},{"key":"595_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosman, N. S. R., Harun, N. A., Idris, I. & Ismail, W. I. W. Eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated by green synthesis using the crude extract of marine polychaete, Marphysa moribidii: biosynthesis, characterisation, and antibacterial applications. Heliyon 6 (11). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05462 (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05462"},{"key":"595_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110994","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOCON.2025.110994","volume":"302","author":"S Saqib","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saqib, S. et al. Identifying hotspots and climate drivers of alien plant species for conservation prioritization across the Pan-Himalaya. Biol. Conserv. 302, 110994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BIOCON.2025.110994 (2025).","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21914-w","volume":"12","author":"N Shrestha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shrestha, N., Xu, X., Meng, J. & Wang, Z. Vulnerabilities of protected lands in the face of climate and human footprint changes. Nat. Commun. 12 (1), 1632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-21914-w (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2201911120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2201911120","volume":"120","author":"C Capinha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Capinha, C., Essl, F., Porto, M. & Seebens, H. The worldwide networks of spread of recorded alien species. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 120 (1), e2201911120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2201911120 (2023).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2756","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.2756","volume":"34","author":"YJ Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, Y. J. et al. Clonal functional traits favor the invasive success of alien plants into native communities. Ecol. Appl. 34 (1), e2756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eap.2756 (2024).","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/JBI.13943","volume":"48","author":"Q Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo, Q. et al. Latitudinal patterns of alien plant invasions. J. Biogeogr. 48 (2), 253\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/JBI.13943 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Biogeogr."},{"issue":"9","key":"595_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1111\/GEB.13566","volume":"31","author":"H Qian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qian, H., Qian, S. & Sandel, B. Phylogenetic structure of alien and native species in regional plant assemblages across China: testing niche conservatism hypothesis versus niche convergence hypothesis. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 31 (9), 1864\u20131876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/GEB.13566 (2022).","journal-title":"Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr."},{"issue":"11","key":"595_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02945","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.2945","volume":"10","author":"SK Rana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rana, S. K., Price, T. D. & Qian, H. Plant species richness across the himalaya driven by evolutionary history and current climate. Ecosphere 10 (11), e02945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ecs2.2945 (2019).","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"595_CR30","first-page":"38","volume":"46","author":"L Ekici","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ekici, L. & Velio\u011flu, S. Gilaburu ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k. Cinetar\u0131m 46, 38\u201339 (2003).","journal-title":"Cinetar\u0131m"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1177\/1082013205052763","volume":"11","author":"A Altan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Altan, A., Ku\u015f, S. & Kaya, A. Rheological behaviour and time dependent characterisation of Gilaboru juice (Viburnum opulus L). Food Sci. Technol. Int. 11 (2), 129\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1082013205052763 (2005).","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol. Int."},{"key":"595_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/J.INDCROP.2019.01.037","volume":"131","author":"TH Barak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barak, T. H., Celep, E., \u0130nan, Y. & Yesilada, E. Influence of in vitro human digestion on the bioavailability of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Viburnum opulus L. (European cranberry) fruit extracts. Ind. Crops Prod. 131, 62\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.INDCROP.2019.01.037 (2019).","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-019-00759-1","volume":"74","author":"D Polka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Polka, D., Pods\u0119dek, A. & Kozio\u0142kiewicz, M. Comparison of chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of fruit, flower and bark of Viburnum opulus. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 74 (3), 436\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11130-019-00759-1 (2019).","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum. Nutr."},{"key":"595_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1080\/15440478.2019.1691118","volume":"17","author":"F Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz, F. et al. Use of Viburnum Opulus L.(Caprifoliaceae) in dyeing and antibacterial finishing of cotton. J. Nat. Fibers. 17, 1081\u20131088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15440478.2019.1691118 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Nat. Fibers"},{"key":"595_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109160","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SCIENTA.2019.109160","volume":"264","author":"M Zarifikhosroshahi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zarifikhosroshahi, M., Tugba Murathan, Z., Kafkas, E. & Okatan, V. Variation in volatile and fatty acid contents among Viburnum opulus L. Fruits growing different locations. Sci. Hortic. 264, 109160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SCIENTA.2019.109160 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"595_CR36","unstructured":"\u00c7emtekin, B. et al. An evaluation of Guelder Rose (Viburnum opulus L.) and Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) concentrates as alternative antioxidant sources to Bht and nitrite in poultry meat model system, (2019)."},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.18039\/ajesi.577253","volume":"9","author":"AT Koparal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koparal, A. T. In Vitro Evaluation of Gilaburu (Viburnum Opulus L.) Juice on Different Cell Lines. Anadolu J. Educational Sci. Int. 9 (2), 549\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18039\/ajesi.577253 (2019).","journal-title":"Anadolu J. Educational Sci. Int."},{"key":"595_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOPHA.2017.09.057","volume":"95","author":"S Sar\u0131\u00f6zkan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sar\u0131\u00f6zkan, S. et al. Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) fruit extract alleviates testis and sperm damages induced by taxane-based chemotherapeutics. Biomed. Pharmacother. 95, 1284\u20131294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BIOPHA.2017.09.057 (2017).","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"9","key":"595_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1365-2621.2006.01142.X","volume":"41","author":"YS Velioglu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Velioglu, Y. S., Ekici, L. & Poyrazoglu, E. S. Phenolic composition of European cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) berries and astringency removal of its commercial juice. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 41 (9), 1011\u20131015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1365-2621.2006.01142.X (2006).","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200902918345","volume":"47","author":"ML Altun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Altun, M. L., Saltan \u00c7ito\u01e7lu, G., Sever, B., Yilmaz & \u00d6zbek, H. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Viburnum opulus. Pharm. Biol. 47 (7), 653\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13880200902918345 (2009).","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1556\/AALIM.35.2006.4.12","volume":"35","author":"O Sagdic","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sagdic, O., Aksoy, A. & Ozkan, G. Evaluation of the antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of cranberry (gilaburu, Viburnum opulus L.) fruit extract. Acta Aliment. 35 (4), 487\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/AALIM.35.2006.4.12 (2006).","journal-title":"Acta Aliment."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/S11130-012-0303-3","volume":"67","author":"L \u010cesonien\u0117","year":"2012","unstructured":"\u010cesonien\u0117, L., Daubaras, R., Vi\u0161kelis, P. & \u0160arkinas, A. Determination of the total phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antimicrobial activity of Viburnum Opulus fruit juice. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 67 (3), 256\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S11130-012-0303-3 (2012).","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum. Nutr."},{"key":"595_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.2478\/S11535-010-0088-Z","volume":"5","author":"L \u010cesoniene","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u010cesoniene, L., Daubaras, R., Vencloviene, J. & Vi\u0161kelis, P. Biochemical and agro-biological diversity of Viburnum opulus genotypes. Cent. Eur. J. Biol. 5, 864\u2013871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/S11535-010-0088-Z (2010).","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Biol."},{"key":"595_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rop, O. et al. Antioxidant Properties of European Cranberrybush Fruit (Viburnum opulus var. edule), Molecules 2010, Vol. 15, Pages 4467\u20134477, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 4467\u20134477, (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/MOLECULES15064467","DOI":"10.3390\/MOLECULES15064467"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2478\/V10054-008-0018-4","volume":"54","author":"L \u010cesonien\u0117","year":"2008","unstructured":"\u010cesonien\u0117, L., Daubaras, R. & Vi\u0161kelis, P. Evaluation of productivity and biochemical components in fruit of different Viburnum accessions. Biologija 54 (2), 93\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/V10054-008-0018-4 (2008).","journal-title":"Biologija"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1556\/AALIM.36.2007.3.10","volume":"36","author":"M \u00c7am","year":"2007","unstructured":"\u00c7am, M. & Hi\u015fil, Y. Comparison of chemical characteristics of fresh and pasteurised juice of Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L). Acta Aliment. 36 (3), 381\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/AALIM.36.2007.3.10 (2007).","journal-title":"Acta Aliment."},{"key":"595_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Magcwebeba, T. et al. Interleukin-1\u03b1 Induction in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT): An In Vitro Model for Chemoprevention in Skin, J Skin Cancer, vol. no. 1, p. 393681, 2012, (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/393681","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/393681"},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2574","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.0915018107","volume":"107","author":"I Cohen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cohen, I. et al. Differential release of chromatin-bound IL-1alpha discriminates between necrotic and apoptotic cell death by the ability to induce sterile inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 107 (6), 2574\u20132579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/PNAS.0915018107 (2010).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"595_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110152","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ECOENV.2019.110152","volume":"190","author":"MN Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan, M. N. et al. Nitric oxide is involved in nano-titanium dioxide-induced activation of antioxidant defense system and accumulation of osmolytes under water-deficit stress in Vicia faba L. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 190, 110152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ECOENV.2019.110152 (2020).","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"595_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abu-Dalo, M., Jaradat, A., Albiss, B. A. & Al-Rawashdeh, N. A. F. Green synthesis of TiO2 NPs\/pristine pomegranate Peel extract nanocomposite and its antimicrobial activity for water disinfection. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 7 (5). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JECE.2019.103370 (2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JECE.2019.103370"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3390\/NANO10020202","volume":"10","author":"L David","year":"2020","unstructured":"David, L. & Moldovan, B. Green synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles for efficient catalytic removal of harmful organic dyes. Nanomaterials 10 (2), 202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/NANO10020202 (2020).","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"595_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00518","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BTRE.2020.E00518","volume":"27","author":"SC Mali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mali, S. C., Dhaka, A., Githala, C. K. & Trivedi, R. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Celastrus paniculatus willd. Leaf extract and their photocatalytic and antifungal properties. Biotechnol. Rep. 27, e00518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BTRE.2020.E00518 (2020).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Rep."},{"key":"595_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100699","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BBREP.2019.100699","volume":"20","author":"S Chand Mali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chand Mali, S., Raj, S. & Trivedi, R. Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) leaf extract. Biochem. Biophys. Rep. 20, 100699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BBREP.2019.100699 (2019).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"key":"595_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ingale, A. G. & Chaudhari, A. N. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles and potential applications: an eco-friendly approach, (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2157-7439.1000165","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7439.1000165"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4931","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-360X.2019.00855.2","volume":"12","author":"JM Reddy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reddy, J. M., Anitha, R., Rajeshkumar, S. & Lakshmi, T. Characterisation of Cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles using UV-visible spectrophotometer and TEM. Res. J. Pharm. Technol. 12 (10), 4931\u20134933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5958\/0974-360X.2019.00855.2 (2019).","journal-title":"Res. J. Pharm. Technol."},{"key":"595_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40204-017-0067-9","volume":"6","author":"D Sundeep","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sundeep, D., Vijaya Kumar, T., Rao, P. S. S., Ravikumar, R. V. S. S. N. & Gopala Krishna, A. Green synthesis and characterization of ag nanoparticles from Mangifera indica leaves for dental restoration and antibacterial applications. Prog Biomater. 6, 1\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40204-017-0067-9 (2017).","journal-title":"Prog Biomater."},{"issue":"18","key":"595_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7324","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ay01203h","volume":"6","author":"H Fissan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fissan, H., Ristig, S., Kaminski, H., Asbach, C. & Epple, M. Comparison of different characterization methods for nanoparticle dispersions before and after aerosolization. Anal. Methods. 6 (18), 7324\u20137334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4ay01203h (2014).","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOTECHADV.2013.11.006","volume":"32","author":"PC Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin, P. C., Lin, S., Wang, P. C. & Sridhar, R. Techniques for physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials. Biotechnol. Adv. 32 (4), 711\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BIOTECHADV.2013.11.006 (2014).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"595_CR59","unstructured":"Marsin, A. M. & Muhamad, I. I. Application of Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology for optimizing oxygen colour indicator for active packaging (Aplikasi Reka Bentuk Box-Behnken Dengan Kaedah Gerak Balas permukaan Untuk Mengoptimumkan Penunjuk Oksigen Berwarna Bagi Pembungkus Aktif), (2020)."},{"key":"595_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Emeka, E. E. et al. Feb., Evaluation of antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles green-synthesized using pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus), Micron, vol. 57, no. C, pp. 1\u20135, (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.MICRON.2013.09.003","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MICRON.2013.09.003"},{"key":"595_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MATLET.2013.01.087","volume":"97","author":"M Karuppiah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karuppiah, M. & Rajmohan, R. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ixora coccinea leaves extract. Mater. Lett. 97, 141\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.MATLET.2013.01.087 (2013).","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.22034\/NMRJ.2017.23588","volume":"2","author":"N Amini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amini, N., Amin, G. & Azar, Z. J. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Avena sativa L. Extract. Nanomed. Res. J. 2 (1), 57\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22034\/NMRJ.2017.23588 (2017).","journal-title":"Nanomed. Res. J."},{"key":"595_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2010.12.047","volume":"377","author":"TC Prathna","year":"2011","unstructured":"Prathna, T. C., Chandrasekaran, N., Raichur, A. M. & Mukherjee, A. Kinetic evolution studies of silver nanoparticles in a bio-based green synthesis process. Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp. 377, 1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2010.12.047 (2011).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp"},{"key":"595_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2011.02.048","volume":"381","author":"JI Hussain","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hussain, J. I. et al. Time dependence of nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles. Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp. 381, 1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COLSURFA.2011.02.048 (2011).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. Physicochem Eng. Asp"},{"key":"595_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.2217\/NNM-2016-0279","volume":"12","author":"M Ovais","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ovais, M. et al. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles via plant extracts: beginning a new era in Cancer theranostics. Nanomedicine 12, 3157\u20133177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/NNM-2016-0279 (2016).","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"595_CR66","unstructured":"Mohammadlou, M., Maghsoudi, H. & Jafarizadeh-Malmiri, H. A review on green silver nanoparticles based on plants: synthesis, potential applications and eco-friendly approach. Int. Food Res. J., (2016)."},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CARBPOL.2011.04.088","volume":"86","author":"MH El-Rafie","year":"2011","unstructured":"El-Rafie, M. H. et al. Environmental synthesis of silver nanoparticles using hydroxypropyl starch and their characterization. Carbohydr. Polym. 86 (2), 630\u2013635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.CARBPOL.2011.04.088 (2011).","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COLSURFB.2009.07.002","volume":"74","author":"A Mohammed Fayaz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mohammed Fayaz, A., Balaji, K., Kalaichelvan, P. T. & Venkatesan, R. Fungal based synthesis of silver nanoparticles\u2014An effect of temperature on the size of particles. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces. 74 (1), 123\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COLSURFB.2009.07.002 (2009).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JRRAS.2015.01.007","volume":"8","author":"HMM Ibrahim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ibrahim, H. M. M. Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using banana Peel extract and their antimicrobial activity against representative microorganisms. J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci. 8 (3), 265\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JRRAS.2015.01.007 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.5829\/IDOSI.MEJSR.2014.19.6.11585","volume":"19","author":"V Vadlapudi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vadlapudi, V. & Kaladhar, D. S. V. G. K. Review: green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles. Middle East. J. Sci. Res. 19 (6), 834\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5829\/IDOSI.MEJSR.2014.19.6.11585 (2014).","journal-title":"Middle East. J. Sci. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ARABJC.2013.04.007","volume":"7","author":"MMH Khalil","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khalil, M. M. H., Ismail, E. H., El-Baghdady, K. Z. & Mohamed, D. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Olive leaf extract and its antibacterial activity. Arab. J. Chem. 7 (6), 1131\u20131139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ARABJC.2013.04.007 (2014).","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"595_CR72","unstructured":"Aziz, W. & Jassim, H. A novel study of pH influence on ag nanoparticles size with antibacterial and antifungal activity using green synthesis, (2018)."},{"key":"595_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patra, J. K. & Baek, K. H. Green Nanobiotechnology: Factors Affecting Synthesis and Characterization Techniques, J Nanomater, vol. no. 1, p. 417305, 2014, (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/417305","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/417305"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1021\/LA052055Q","volume":"22","author":"A Rai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rai, A., Singh, A., Ahmad, A. & Sastry, M. Role of halide ions and temperature on the morphology of biologically synthesized gold nanotriangles. Langmuir 22 (2), 736\u2013741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/LA052055Q (2006).","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"595_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chitra, K. & Annadurai, G. Antibacterial Activity of pH-Dependent Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Clinical Pathogen, Biomed Res Int, vol. no. 1, p. 725165, 2014, (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/725165","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/725165"},{"key":"595_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amaladhas, T. P., Sivagami, S., Devi, T. A., Ananthi, N. & Velammal, S. P. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles by leaf extract of Cassia angustifolia. Adv. Nat. Sci. NanoSci. NanoTechnol. 3 (4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2043-6262\/3\/4\/045006 (2012).","DOI":"10.1088\/2043-6262\/3\/4\/045006"},{"key":"595_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24214\/jcbps.B.9.4.56183","author":"BI Keerawelle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keerawelle, B. I., Mudiyanselage, A., Chamara, R. & Thiripuranathar, G. A review on plant mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria. Article J. Chem. Biol. Phys. Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24214\/jcbps.B.9.4.56183 (2019).","journal-title":"Article J. Chem. Biol. Phys. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2010.10.015","volume":"78","author":"D Philip","year":"2011","unstructured":"Philip, D. Mangifera Indica leaf-assisted biosynthesis of well-dispersed silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 78 (1), 327\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2010.10.015 (2011).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"595_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Banerjee, P., Satapathy, M., Mukhopahayay, A. & Das, P. Leaf extract mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from widely available Indian plants: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial property and toxicity analysis. Bioresour Bioprocess. 1 (1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S40643-014-0003-Y (2014).","DOI":"10.1186\/S40643-014-0003-Y"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.3906\/kim-2108-48","volume":"46","author":"B \u015eahin","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u015eahin, B., B\u00fclb\u00fcl, A. S., \u00c7elik, I. S., Korkmaz, N. & Karada\u011f, A. Investigation of biological activities of plant extract and green synthesis silver nanoparticles obtained from Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) fruits. Turk. J. Chem. 46 (1), 224\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3906\/kim-2108-48 (2022).","journal-title":"Turk. J. Chem."},{"key":"595_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1007\/S13204-016-0517-Z\/FIGURES\/5","volume":"6","author":"F Zia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zia, F., Ghafoor, N., Iqbal, M. & Mehboob, S. Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Cydonia oblong seed extract. Appl. Nanosci. (Switzerland). 6, 1023\u20131029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S13204-016-0517-Z\/FIGURES\/5 (2016).","journal-title":"Appl. Nanosci. (Switzerland)"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JSCS.2010.06.004","volume":"15","author":"R Veerasamy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Veerasamy, R. et al. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using mangosteen leaf extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 15 (2), 113\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JSCS.2010.06.004 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Saudi Chem. Soc."},{"key":"595_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091534","author":"XF Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, X. F., Liu, Z. G., Shen, W. & Gurunathan, S. Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. MDPI AG. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17091534 (2016).","journal-title":"MDPI AG"},{"key":"595_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126261","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCLEPRO.2021.126261","volume":"294","author":"IA Abdalfattah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdalfattah, I. A., Mogawer, W. S. & Stuart, K. Quantification of the degree of blending in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) using energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. J. Clean. Prod. 294, 126261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JCLEPRO.2021.126261 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104675","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ARABJC.2023.104675","volume":"16","author":"B Maitra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maitra, B. et al. Biosynthesis of Bixa orellana seed extract mediated silver nanoparticles with moderate antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative activity. Arab. J. Chem. 16 (5), 104675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ARABJC.2023.104675 (2023).","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"595_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697303","DOI":"10.3389\/FNANO.2021.697303\/BIBTEX","volume":"3","author":"K Ssekatawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ssekatawa, K. et al. Green Strategy\u2013Based synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. Front. Nanatechnol. 3, 697303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNANO.2021.697303\/BIBTEX (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Nanatechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2011.03.040","volume":"79","author":"S Kaviya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaviya, S., Santhanalakshmi, J., Viswanathan, B., Muthumary, J. & Srinivasan, K. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using citrus sinensis Peel extract and its antibacterial activity. Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 79 (3), 594\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2011.03.040 (2011).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20810","DOI":"10.1016\/J.HELIYON.2023.E20810","volume":"9","author":"S Sharmin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharmin, S. et al. Evaluation of antibacterial activity, in-vitro cytotoxicity and catalytic activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Leea macrophylla. Heliyon 9 (10), e20810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.HELIYON.2023.E20810 (2023).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/S40089-020-00309-7","volume":"10","author":"A Bala","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bala, A. & Rani, G. A review on phytosynthesis, affecting factors and characterization techniques of silver nanoparticles designed by green approach. Int. Nano Lett. 10 (3), 159\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S40089-020-00309-7 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. Nano Lett."},{"key":"595_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2018.03.001","author":"JR Koduru","year":"2018","unstructured":"Koduru, J. R. et al. Phytochemical-assisted synthetic approaches for silver nanoparticles antimicrobial applications: A review. Elsevier https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cis.2018.03.001 (2018).","journal-title":"Elsevier"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7890","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC111.78907902","volume":"11","author":"S Mathiyalagan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mathiyalagan, S. & Mandal, B. K. Stability comparison of Quercetin and its metal complexes and their biological activity. Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem. 11 (1), 7890\u20137902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33263\/BRIAC111.78907902 (2021).","journal-title":"Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem."},{"key":"595_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9111557","author":"SB Aziz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aziz, S. B. et al. Fabrication of interconnected plasmonic spherical silver nanoparticles with enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance (Lspr) peaks using quince leaf extract solution. Nanomaterials https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano9111557 (2019).","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"25","key":"595_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8014","DOI":"10.1021\/JACS.5B04554","volume":"137","author":"JM Maier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maier, J. M., Li, P., Hwang, J., Smith, M. D. & Shimizu, K. D. Measurement of Silver-\u03c0 interactions in solution using molecular torsion balances. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 (25), 8014\u20138017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/JACS.5B04554 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"595_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2015.06.049","volume":"151","author":"EA Terenteva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Terenteva, E. A., Apyari, V. V., Dmitrienko, S. G. & Zolotov, Y. A. Formation of plasmonic silver nanoparticles by flavonoid reduction: A comparative study and application for determination of these substances. Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 151, 89\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2015.06.049 (2015).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"595_CR95","unstructured":"Jahan, I. Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles, their Chemical and Biochemical Characterizations ( Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2019)."},{"key":"595_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/NANO8080627","author":"B Moldovan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moldovan, B., Sincari, V., Perde-Schrepler, M. & David, L. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ligustrum ovalifolium fruits and their cytotoxic effects. Nanomaterials https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/NANO8080627 (2018).","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/17458080.2015.1070311","volume":"11","author":"SU Ganaie","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ganaie, S. U., Abbasi, T. & Abbasi, S. A. Rapid and green synthesis of bimetallic Au\u2013Ag nanoparticles using an otherwise worthless weed Antigonon leptopus. J. Exp. Nanosci. 11 (6), 395\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17458080.2015.1070311 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Nanosci."},{"key":"595_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/J.INDCROP.2013.01.019","volume":"46","author":"UB Jagtap","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jagtap, U. B. & Bapat, V. A. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Artocarpus heterophyllus lam. Seed extract and its antibacterial activity. Ind. Crops Prod. 46, 132\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.INDCROP.2013.01.019 (2013).","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.17576\/MJAS-2018-2204-14","volume":"22","author":"NS Jalani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jalani, N. S. et al. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Citrus grandis Peel extract. Malaysian J. Anal. Sci. 22 (4), 676\u2013683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17576\/MJAS-2018-2204-14 (2018).","journal-title":"Malaysian J. Anal. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2011.08.051","volume":"83","author":"VK Vidhu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vidhu, V. K., Aromal, S. A. & Philip, D. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Macrotyloma uniflorum. Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 83 (1), 392\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2011.08.051 (2011).","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-8865-3-67\/TABLES\/1","volume":"3","author":"G Gnanajobitha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gnanajobitha, G. et al. Fruit-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Vitis vinifera and evaluation of their antimicrobial efficacy. J. Nanostructure Chem. 3 (1), 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2193-8865-3-67\/TABLES\/1 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Nanostructure Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/S12668-020-00812-3","volume":"11","author":"NA Akwu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akwu, N. A. et al. Two temperatures biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv. Leaf and stem bark extracts: characterization and applications. Bionanoscience 11 (1), 142\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S12668-020-00812-3 (2021).","journal-title":"Bionanoscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s13204-015-0449-z","volume":"6","author":"K Anandalakshmi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anandalakshmi, K., Venugobal, J. & Ramasamy, V. Characterization of silver nanoparticles by green synthesis method using pedalium murex leaf extract and their antibacterial activity. Appl. Nanosci. (Switzerland). 6 (3), 399\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13204-015-0449-z (2016).","journal-title":"Appl. Nanosci. (Switzerland)"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR104","first-page":"1","volume":"39","author":"H Soo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soo, H., Lee, H. S., Ryu, D. S., Choi, S. J. & Lee, D. S. Antibacterial activity of Silver-Nanoparticles against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Lett. 39 (1), 1\u20139 (2010).","journal-title":"Microbiol. Biotechnol. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3762\/bjnano.7.40","volume":"7","author":"B Perito","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perito, B., Giorgetti, E., Marsili, P. & Muniz-Miranda, M. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in pure water and in chloride solution. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 7 (1), 465\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3762\/bjnano.7.40 (2016).","journal-title":"Beilstein J. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"595_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111611","DOI":"10.1016\/J.INOCHE.2023.111611","volume":"158","author":"CS Shivananda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shivananda, C. S. Silk fibroin-based green colloidal silver nanoparticle synthesis and their antibacterial and anticancer properties. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 158, 111611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.INOCHE.2023.111611 (2023).","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1039\/C2EM30595J","volume":"15","author":"SJ Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu, S. J., Yin, Y. G. & Liu, J. F. Silver nanoparticles in the environment. Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts. 15 (1), 78\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C2EM30595J (2013).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02218-06","volume":"73","author":"S Pal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pal, S., Tak, Y. K. & Song, J. M. Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73 (6), 1712\u20131720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.02218-06 (2007).","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCIS.2004.02.012","volume":"275","author":"I Sondi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sondi, I. & Salopek-Sondi, B. Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 275 (1), 177\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JCIS.2004.02.012 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.5504\/BBEQ.2011.0156","volume":"26","author":"AU Turker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Turker, A. U., Yildirim, A. B. & Karakas, F. P. Antibacterial and antitumor activities of some wild fruits grown in Turkey. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 26 (1), 2765\u20132772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5504\/BBEQ.2011.0156 (2012).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR111","first-page":"80","volume":"60","author":"MV Bubulica","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bubulica, M. V. et al. In vitro evaluation of bactericidal and antibiofilm activity of Lonicera tatarica and Viburnum opulus plant extracts on Staphylococcus strains. Farmacia 60 (1), 80\u201391 (2012).","journal-title":"Farmacia"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2010.483745","volume":"4","author":"W Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu, W. et al. Impact of silver nanoparticles on human cells: effect of particle size. Nanotoxicology 4 (3), 319\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/17435390.2010.483745 (2010).","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"595_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S36786","volume":"7","author":"K Shameli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shameli, K. et al. Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Curcuma longa tuber powder. Int. J. Nanomed. 7, 5603\u20135610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S36786 (2012).","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"595_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim, K. J. et al. Antifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans, Biometals, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 235\u2013242, (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10534-008-9159-2","DOI":"10.1007\/S10534-008-9159-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NANO.2009.06.005","volume":"5","author":"M Gajbhiye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gajbhiye, M., Kesharwani, J., Ingle, A., Gade, A. & Rai, M. Fungus-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against pathogenic fungi in combination with fluconazole. Nanomedicine 5 (4), 382\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.NANO.2009.06.005 (2009).","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/S00299-020-02539-7","volume":"39","author":"S Rajput","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rajput, S., Kumar, D. & Agrawal, V. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indian Belladonna extract and their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and larvicidal activities. Plant. Cell. Rep. 39 (7), 921\u2013939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00299-020-02539-7 (2020).","journal-title":"Plant. Cell. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/17518253.2020.1726504","volume":"13","author":"F Azarbani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azarbani, F. & Shiravand, S. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by ferulago Macrocarpa flowers extract and their antibacterial, antifungal and toxic effects. Green. Chem. Lett. Rev. 13 (1), 41\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17518253.2020.1726504 (2020).","journal-title":"Green. Chem. Lett. Rev."},{"key":"595_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MATLET.2018.05.009","volume":"226","author":"SS Sana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sana, S. S. & Dogiparthi, L. K. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Givotia moluccana leaf extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. Mater. Lett. 226, 47\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.MATLET.2018.05.009 (2018).","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00595-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00595-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00595-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:19:55Z","timestamp":1762280395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-00595-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"references-count":118,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-00595-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"38516"}}