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We used capture-release and morphometry data of 609 individuals of shrew tenrecs, rodents, and nocturnal lemurs, and vegetation surveys from 360 plots in four sites with different degradation levels for four field seasons (2021\u20132023) separated by two cyclone events. Combined impacts of degradation and cyclones significantly affected small mammals\u2019 diversity and capture abundance and only the body mass of the lesser tufted-tailed rat and brown mouse lemur. Diversity, capture abundance and body mass decreased immediately after the cyclones, and bounced back 4\u20135\u00a0months later, except in the forest fragment. We also examined the independent effects of habitat degradation using vegetation structure as it had more impacts than cyclones on small mammals. Plant diversity, canopy cover percentage, mean diameter at breast height, and estimated height significantly impacted small mammals\u2019 diversity, capture abundance, and body-mass with species-specific variations. Our results suggest that recurrent cyclones may act as an intermediate disturbance factor, while habitat degradation might have permanent impacts on small mammals, emphasizing the importance of long-term monitoring of wild populations to understand their spatiotemporal dynamics and their effective conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-00740-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T09:08:18Z","timestamp":1747213698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Combined impacts of habitat degradation and cyclones on a community of small mammals"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Veronarindra","family":"Ramananjato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanjoniaina H. N. 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Ethical and legal approval was obtained before the start of this study. Animal trapping and handling complied with the protocols approved by the University of California Berkeley\u2019s Animal Care and Use Committee (AUP-2021-10-14771), and the Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Environnement et du D\u00e9veloppement Durable of Madagascar (authorization #297\/21, #428\/21, #137\/22, and #048\/23). Additionally, this research adhered to the legal requirements and ethical code of conduct for research in Madagascar outlined in Wilm\u00e9 et al. (2016; Madagascar Conservation and Development) and equitable suggestions from Ramananjato and Blanco (2024; Lemur News). This research project also received approval from Madagascar National Parks, all Vondron\u2019Olona Ifotony (VOI) from each village, and the ethical committee at Mention Zoologie et Biodiversit\u00e9 Animale (Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Antananarivo, Madagascar).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}],"article-number":"16760"}}