{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T17:45:57Z","timestamp":1774892757731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Japan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a common adverse drug reaction of opioids. However, limited evidence exists regarding the incidence of OIC, as diagnosed using the Rome IV criteria, in non-cancer patients newly prescribed weak opioids for chronic pain in Japan. This study aimed to clarify the incidence of OIC in patients aged\u2009\u2265\u200918 years who were newly prescribed weak opioids in outpatient settings in Japan. This study was conducted from February 1, 2023, to July 13, 2024 (trial registration number: UMIN000050203), using a patient-reported, web-based questionnaire survey. Of the 64 participants (mean age: 53.2 years) included, 63 participants received weak opioids for \u2265\u20097 days. The cumulative incidence of OIC (95%\u00a0confidence interval) was 30.2% (20.4\u201343.1) in the first week and increased to 49.2% (37.7\u201362.1) by the end of the second week. Common symptoms included straining (66.7%), incomplete evacuation (49.2%), and hard stools (22.2%). Although the results were derived from exploratory analyses, no risk factors for the development of OIC were identified among participants\u2019 demographics, clinical characteristics (including pain sites), or the weak opioid usage and dosage. These findings emphasize the need for caution regarding the onset of OIC when initiating pain management with weak opioids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-01770-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T14:00:11Z","timestamp":1747663211000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidence of opioid-induced constipation in non-cancer patients using weak opioids for chronic pain in Japan: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Akira","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7878-2557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhide","family":"Morioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihomi","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Koretaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Sonohata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1770_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-022-00392-y","volume":"11","author":"M Sonohata","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sonohata, M. et al. A survey of the incidence of constipation in patients with chronic non-cancer pain using opioid analgesics in Japan. Pain Ther. 11, 845\u2013859 (2022).","journal-title":"Pain Ther."},{"key":"1770_CR2","unstructured":"Japan Society of Pain Clinicians. Opioid Analgesic Prescribing Guidelines for Non-Cancer Chronic Pain. https:\/\/www.jspc.gr.jp\/Contents\/public\/kaiin_guideline04.html. Accessed 30 October 2024."},{"key":"1770_CR3","first-page":"e78212","volume":"17","author":"M Sonohata","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sonohata, M., Kitamura, M., Hashimoto, A. & Morioka, Y. Prescription pattern of laxatives for opioid-induced constipation in Japanese patients with chronic non-cancer pain: A retrospective cohort study of a health insurance claims database. Cureus. 17, e78212 (2025).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1770_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, L., Barker, C. & Emmanuel, A. Opioid-induced constipation: Pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and management. Gastroenterol. Res. Pract. 141737 (2014).","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/141737"},{"key":"1770_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4883","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2341","volume":"8","author":"A Tokoro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tokoro, A. et al. Incidence of opioid-induced constipation in Japanese patients with cancer pain: A prospective observational cohort study. Cancer Med. 8, 4883\u20134891 (2019).","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"1770_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S61602","volume":"6","author":"KS Coyne","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coyne, K. S. et al. Opioid-induced constipation in patients with chronic non-cancer pain in the USA, Canada, Germany, and the UK: Descriptive analysis of baseline patient-reported outcomes and retrospective chart review. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 6, 269\u2013281 (2014).","journal-title":"Clinicoecon Outcomes Res."},{"key":"1770_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13563","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13563","volume":"31","author":"T Kanemasa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanemasa, T. et al. Pharmacologic effects of naldemedine, a peripherally acting \u00b5-opioid receptor antagonist, in in vitro and in vivo models of opioid\u2010induced constipation. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 31, e13563 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"1770_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drossman, D. et al. The Rome IV Committees. Rome IV Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders \u2013 Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (The Rome Foundation, 2016).","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.03.035"},{"key":"1770_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kitamura, M., Morioka, Y., Kobayashi, M. & Ushida, T. A web\u2013based survey on the quality of life of patients with opioid induced constipation using weak opioids in chronic non\u2013cancer musculoskeletal pain in Japan. PAIN Res. 64\u201375 (2024).","DOI":"10.11154\/pain.39.64"},{"key":"1770_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640618786145","volume":"6","author":"V Andresen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andresen, V., Banerji, V., Hall, G., Lass, A. & Emmanuel, A. V. The patient burden of opioid-induced constipation: New insights from a large, multinational survey in five European countries. United Eur. Gastroenterol. J. 6, 1254\u20131266 (2018).","journal-title":"United Eur. Gastroenterol. J."},{"key":"1770_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm16214","volume":"23","author":"MJ Schmulson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schmulson, M. J. & Drossman, D. A. What is new in Rome IV. J. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 23, 151\u2013163 (2017).","journal-title":"J. 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Y.M., S.W., and Y.K. are employees of Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Japan. M.S. has received lecture fees from Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Japan.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17397"}}