{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T04:51:59Z","timestamp":1793854319521,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["70294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["70294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-03693-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T13:03:52Z","timestamp":1748005432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of spirulina platensis algae purified bioactive peptides on wound healing after periodontal flap surgery: a randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Parisa","family":"Jalali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pouya","family":"Almasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Faramarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Hamishehkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Kouhsoltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"3693_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2021.06.003","volume":"236","author":"AI Toma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toma, A. I., Fuller, J. M., Willett, N. J. & Goudy, S. L. Oral wound healing models and emerging regenerative therapies. Transl Res. 236, 17\u201334 (2021).","journal-title":"Transl Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"3693_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-5244-6","volume":"23","author":"N Sayari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sayari, N. et al. Valorisation of smooth Hound (Mustelus mustelus) waste biomass through recovery of functional, antioxidative and antihypertensive bioactive peptides. Environ. Sci. Pollut Res. Int. 23 (1), 366\u2013376 (2016).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut Res. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"3693_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1021\/np200906s","volume":"75","author":"DJ Newman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Newman, D. J. & Cragg, G. M. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. J. Nat. Prod. 75 (3), 311\u2013335 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"issue":"11","key":"3693_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113919","volume":"13","author":"G Donadio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Donadio, G., Santoro, V., Dal Piaz, F. & De Tommasi, N. Food matrices affect the peptides produced during the digestion of Arthrospira platensis-Based functional aliments. Nutrients 13 (11), 1\u201312 (2021).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"3693_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-008-0710-2","volume":"47","author":"NP M\u00f6ller","year":"2008","unstructured":"M\u00f6ller, N. P., Scholz-Ahrens, K. E., Roos, N. & Schrezenmeir, J. Bioactive peptides and proteins from foods: indication for health effects. Eur. J. Nutr. 47 (4), 171\u2013182 (2008).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"3693_CR6","first-page":"23","volume":"81","author":"C Martinez-Villaluenga","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez-Villaluenga, C., Pe\u00f1as, E. & Frias, J. Bioactive peptides in fermented foods. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 81, 23\u201347 (2017).","journal-title":"Adv. Food Nutr. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"3693_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0005059","volume":"49","author":"IS Chronakis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chronakis, I. S. Gelation of edible blue-green algae protein isolate (Spirulina platensis strain Pacifica): thermal transitions, rheological properties, and molecular forces involved. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49 (2), 888\u2013898 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"3693_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03223332","volume":"9","author":"B Capelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Capelli, B. & Cysewski, G. Potential health benefits of spirulina microalgae. Nutrafoods 9, 19\u201326 (2010).","journal-title":"Nutrafoods"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"3693_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.064","volume":"193","author":"TJ Ashaolu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashaolu, T. J. et al. Phycocyanin, a super functional ingredient from algae; properties, purification characterization, and applications. Int. J. Bio L Macromol. 193 (Pt B), 2320\u20132331 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Bio L Macromol."},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"3693_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.10.008","volume":"107","author":"SL Edirisinghe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Edirisinghe, S. L. et al. Spirulina maxima derived marine pectin promotes the in vitro and in vivo regeneration and wound healing in zebrafish. Fish. Shellfish Immunol. 107 (Pt A), 414\u2013425 (2020).","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"3693_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-021-05091-8","volume":"59","author":"MA Ali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali, M. A. et al. Functional dairy products as a source of bioactive peptides and probiotics: current trends and future prospectives. J. Food Sci. Technol. 59 (4), 1263\u20131279 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"3693_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung, S-M. et al. Spirulina-PCL Nanofiber Wound Dressing to Improve Cutaneous Wound Healing by Enhancing Antioxidative Mechanism. J. Nanomater. (1),1\u201310 (2016). (2016).","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6135727"},{"key":"3693_CR13","first-page":"385","volume":"14","author":"PN Syarina","year":"2015","unstructured":"Syarina, P. N., Karthivashan, G., Abas, F., Arulselvan, P. & Fakurazi, S. Wound healing potential of Spirulina platensis extracts on human dermal fibroblast cells. EXCLI J. 14, 385\u2013393 (2015).","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"issue":"6","key":"3693_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"R Seghiri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seghiri, R. & Essamri, A. In vivo wound healing activity of Spirulina platensis. Phytotherapie 18 (6), 1\u201310 (2020).","journal-title":"Phytotherapie"},{"issue":"10","key":"3693_CR15","first-page":"2330","volume":"7","author":"J Mahendra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mahendra, J., Mahendra, L., Muthu, J., John, L. & Romanos, G. E. Clinical effects of subgingivally delivered spirulina gel in chronic periodontitis cases: a placebo controlled clinical trial. J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 7 (10), 2330\u20132333 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Res."},{"key":"3693_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122457","volume":"630","author":"A Ebrahimi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ebrahimi, A., Farahpour, M. R., Amjadi, S., Mohammadi, M. & Hamishehkar, H. Nanoliposomal peptides derived from Spirulina platensis protein accelerate full-thickness wound healing. Int. J. Pharm. 630, 122457 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"3693_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2022.102739","volume":"65","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohammadi, M., Soltanzadeh, M., Ebrahimi, A. R. & Hamishehkar, H. Spirulina platensis protein hydrolysates: Techno-functional, nutritional and antioxidant properties. Algal Res. 65, 102730 (2022).","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"3693_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03232-5","volume":"24","author":"T Katsaros","year":"2020","unstructured":"Katsaros, T. et al. Effect of different concentrations of commercially available mouthwashes on wound healing following periodontal surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin. Oral Investig. 24 (10), 3587\u20133595 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig"},{"issue":"7","key":"3693_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03748-w","volume":"25","author":"JR Collins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collins, J. R. et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of salt water and chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthrinse after periodontal surgery: a randomized prospective clinical study. Clin. Oral Investig. 25 (7), 4349\u20134357 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig"},{"issue":"10","key":"3693_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00571.x","volume":"31","author":"S Hagenaars","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hagenaars, S., Louwerse, P. H., Timmerman, M. F., Van der Velden, U. & Van der Weijden, G. A. Soft-tissue wound healing following periodontal surgery and Emdogain application. J. Clin. Periodontol. 31 (10), 850\u2013856 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3693_CR21","first-page":"e154","volume":"25","author":"S Marin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marin, S. et al. Hyaluronic acid treatment outcome on the post-extraction wound healing in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled split-mouth study. Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal. 25 (2), e154\u2013e60 (2020).","journal-title":"Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal"},{"issue":"9","key":"3693_CR22","first-page":"1187","volume":"11","author":"D Dranseikien\u0117","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dranseikien\u0117, D. et al. Cyano-Phycocyanin: mechanisms of action on human skin and future perspectives in medicine. Plants (Basel). 11 (9), 1187 (2022).","journal-title":"Plants (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"3693_CR23","first-page":"4601","volume":"64","author":"S Agustina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agustina, S., Aidha, N. N., Oktarina, E. & Kurniati, N. F. Evaluation of antioxidant and wound healing activities of Spirulina Sp. extract. Egypt. J. Chem. 64 (8), 4601\u20134610 (2021).","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"3693_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.060128","volume":"77","author":"GL Pilatti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pilatti, G. L., dos Santos, A., Bianchi, F., Cavassim, A. & Tozetto, R. The use of celecoxib and dexamethasone for the prevention and control of postoperative pain after periodontal surgery. J. Periodontol. 77 (11), 1809\u20131814 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3693_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1134\/S0003683820050166","volume":"56","author":"N Zamani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zamani, N., Fazilati, M., Salavati, H., Izadi, M. & Koohi, M. The topical cream produced from phycocyanin of Spirulina platensis accelerates wound healing in mice infected with Candida albicans. Appl. Biochem. Microbiol. 56 (5), 583\u2013589 (2020).","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"3693_CR26","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"BB Panigrahi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Panigrahi, B. B. & Patro, V. J. Wound healing activity of spirulina extracts. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 6 (2), 1\u20136 (2011).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-03693-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-03693-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-03693-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T13:03:57Z","timestamp":1748005437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-03693-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-03693-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research protocol was approved by Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with ethics code of IR.TBZMED.REC.1401.654. All of the participants were informed verbally about the clinical process and their written informed consents were obtained.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The full trial protocol is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17971"}}