{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T20:46:57Z","timestamp":1770238017551,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-04639-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T22:39:22Z","timestamp":1751409562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification and verification of immune and oxidative stress-related diagnostic indicators for malignant lung nodules through WGCNA and machine learning"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhou","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meichun","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianhua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12707","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97645-5","volume":"13","author":"M Hammad","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hammad, M. et al. Explainable AI for lung cancer detection via a custom CNN on CT images. Sci Rep. 13 (1), 12707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97645-5 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03216-7","volume":"13","author":"Z Torok","year":"2025","unstructured":"Torok, Z. et al. Serum and exosome WNT5A levels as biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res. 13 (1), 141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-025-03216-7 (2025).","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-025-13998-0","volume":"9","author":"R Taje","year":"2025","unstructured":"Taje, R. et al. Molecular characterization of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma presenting as subsolid nodules in a real-life European cohort. BMC Cancer. 9 (1), 647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-025-13998-0 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"4639_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhu, X. et al. Early screening and subtype identification of High-Risk lung nodules via breathprint by graphene eNose platform: A large cohort study. ACS Sens. 7 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssensors.5c00314 (2025).","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.5c00314"},{"key":"4639_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, A., Hammer, M. M. & Byrne, S. C. Incidentally detected adrenal nodules on lung Cancer screening CT. J. Am. Coll. Radiol. 22 (3), 291\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.12.003 (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.12.003"},{"issue":"3","key":"4639_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.101988","volume":"18","author":"Y Mao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mao, Y. et al. Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images. Cell Rep. Med 18 (3), 101988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.101988 (2025).","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-025-13783-z","volume":"7","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. et al. Prediction of STAS in lung adenocarcinoma with nodules = 2\u00a0cm using machine learning: a multicenter retrospective study<\/at. BMC Cancer 7 (1), 417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-025-13783-z (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"4639_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Selvaraj, N. R. et al. Oxidative stress and redox imbalance: common mechanisms in Cancer stem cells and neurodegenerative diseases. Cells 29 (7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells14070511 (2025).","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14070511"},{"key":"4639_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110312","volume":"10","author":"Z Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, Z. et al. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis contribute to the pathogenesis of Amyloodinium ocellatum infection in Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 10, 110312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110312 (2025).","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4639_CR10","first-page":"774","volume":"54","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang, Z. et al. Effects of MIR-451 on LKB1-AMPK signal pathway and oxidative stress index in lung Cancer. Ann Clin. Lab. Sci. 54 (6), 774\u2013781 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann Clin. Lab. Sci"},{"key":"4639_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114210","volume":"6","author":"T Jamali","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jamali, T. et al. Mustard lung with a unique oxidative stress profile as an independent pulmonary disease. Int Immunopharmacol. 6, 149:114210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114210 (2025).","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"4639_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cheng, X. et al. The mediating role of oxidative stress on the association between oxidative balance score and Cancer-Related cognitive impairment in lung Cancer patients: A Cross-Sectional study. Nutrients. 27 (23). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16234090 (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16234090"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-019-2601-x","volume":"7","author":"Z Que","year":"2019","unstructured":"Que, Z. et al. Jingfukang induces anti-cancer activity through oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage in Circulating human lung cancer cells. BMC Complement. Altern. Med.. 7 (1), 204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-019-2601-x (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"4639_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.13075\/mp.5893.01050","volume":"30","author":"M Barsan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barsan, M. et al. A study of oxidative stress and pulmonary damage after silica instillation in rats and the effect of Curcumin administration. Med Pr.. 30 (3), 239\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13075\/mp.5893.01050 (2021).","journal-title":"Med Pr."},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02177-7","volume":"23","author":"YF Ren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ren, Y. F. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals immune microenvironment niche transitions during the invasive and metastatic processes of ground-glass nodules and part-solid nodules in lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer. 23 (1), 263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-024-02177-7 (2024).","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"issue":"19","key":"4639_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15380","volume":"15","author":"C Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao, C., Xiao, R., Jin, H. & Li, X. The immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma featured with ground-glass nodules. Thorac Cancer. 15 (19), 1459\u20131470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1759-7714.15380 (2024).","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"4639_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04289-3","volume":"149","author":"R Qu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qu, R. et al. Distinct cellular immune profiles in lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as pure ground glass opacity versus solid nodules. J Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol . 149 (7), 3775\u20133788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00432-022-04289-3 (2023).","journal-title":"J Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4639_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70590","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70590","volume":"14","author":"J Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, J. & Lin, L. Immunoinfiltration analysis of mitochondrial Damage-Related genes in lung adenocarcinoma and construction of a classification and prognostic model integrated with WGCNA and machine learning algorithms. Cancer Med. 14 (2), e70590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.70590 (2025).","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"4639_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7738","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-024-15762-3","volume":"31","author":"W Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei, W. et al. Machine learning for early discrimination between lung Cancer and benign nodules using routine clinical and laboratory data. Ann Surg. Oncol. 31 (12), 7738\u20137749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-024-15762-3 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann Surg. Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-2032","volume":"1","author":"AV Kossenkov","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kossenkov, A. V. et al. A gene expression classifier from whole blood distinguishes benign from malignant lung nodules detected by Low-Dose CT. Cancer Res. 1 (1), 263\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-2032 (2019).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"4639_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0170","volume":"4","author":"M Rotunno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rotunno, M. et al. A gene expression signature from peripheral whole blood for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila) 4 (10), 1599\u20131608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0170 (2011).","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02878-8","volume":"21","author":"S Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu, S. et al. Oxidative stress gene expression, DNA methylation, and gut microbiota interaction trigger Crohn\u2019s disease: a multi-omics Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med. 21 (1), 179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-023-02878-8 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"4639_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949314","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.949314","volume":"13","author":"J Cai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cai, J. et al. Development and validation of a novel Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related LncRNA prognostic signature and candidate drugs in breast cancer. Front. Genet. 13, 949314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2022.949314 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"26","key":"4639_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11938","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.49451","volume":"10","author":"S Sui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sui, S. et al. An immune cell infiltration-based immune score model predicts prognosis and chemotherapy effects in breast cancer. Theranostics 10 (26), 11938\u201311949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.49451 (2020).","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"4639_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1128","volume":"4","author":"B Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, B. & Horvath, S. A general framework for weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Stat. Appl. Genet. Mol. Biol. 4, 17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2202\/1544-6115.1128 (2005).","journal-title":"Stat. Appl. Genet. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"D1","key":"4639_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D362","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw937","volume":"4","author":"D Szklarczyk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Szklarczyk, D. et al. The STRING database in 2017: quality-controlled protein-protein association networks, made broadly accessible. Nucleic Acids Res. 4 (D1), D362\u2013D368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkw937 (2017).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"4639_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-0509-8-S4-S11","volume":"8","author":"CH Chin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chin, C. H. et al. CytoHubba: identifying hub objects and sub-networks from complex interactome. BMC Syst. Biol. 8 (Suppl 4), S11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1752-0509-8-S4-S11 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Syst. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04468-x","volume":"2","author":"H Qin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qin, H. et al. Integrated machine learning survival framework develops a prognostic model based on inter-crosstalk definition of mitochondrial function and cell death patterns in a large multicenter cohort for lower-grade glioma. J Transl Med 2 (1), 588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-023-04468-x (2023).","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0195875","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195875","volume":"13","author":"M Nishio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nishio, M. et al. Computer-aided diagnosis of lung nodule using gradient tree boosting and bayesian optimization. PLoS One. 13 (4), e0195875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0195875 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-023-02171-x","volume":"13","author":"X Guan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guan, X. et al. Construction of the XGBoost model for early lung cancer prediction based on metabolic indices. BMC Med. Inf. Decis. Mak. 13 (1), 107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02171-x (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Med. Inf. Decis. Mak"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-02125-5","volume":"29","author":"N Zaharudin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zaharudin, N. et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of malignant lung nodules in tuberculosis endemic area in a single tertiary centre. BMC Pulm Med. 29 (1), 328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-022-02125-5 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"4639_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110661","volume":"122","author":"G Shanmugam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shanmugam, G., Subramaniyam, K., George, M. & Sarkar, K. HDAC Inhibition regulates oxidative stress in CD4(+)Thelper cells of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-small cell lung cancer patients via mitochondrial transcription factor a (mtTFA) modulating NF-kappaB\/HIF1alpha axis. Int Immunopharmacol 122, 110661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110661 (2023).","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03328-9","volume":"398","author":"X Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, X., Zhang, T., Qu, L., Zhang, Y. & Gao, G. Auriculasin induces mitochondrial oxidative stress and drives ferroptosis by inhibiting PI3K\/Akt pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 398 (1), 967\u2013977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03328-9 (2025).","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4027","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.4027","volume":"42","author":"K Krishnamoorthy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krishnamoorthy, K., Natarajan, S. R., Veeraraghavan, V. P. & Jayaraman, S. Blueberry extract and its bioactive compounds mitigate oxidative stress and suppress human lung cancer cell (A549) growth by modulating the expression of p53\/EGFR\/STAT3\/IL6-mediated signaling molecules. Cell Biochem. Funct. 42 (4), e4027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbf.4027 (2024).","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Funct"},{"issue":"9","key":"4639_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2019.20.9.2659","volume":"1","author":"MMK El-Deeb","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Deeb, M. M. K., El-Sheredy, H. G. & Mohammed, A. F. The possible role of Interleukin (IL)-18 and nitrous oxide and their relation to oxidative stress in the development and progression of breast Cancer. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev 1 (9), 2659\u20132665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/APJCP.2019.20.9.2659 (2019).","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"14","key":"4639_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2411299","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411299","volume":"21","author":"H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, H. et al. Effective amplification of oxidative stress and calcium manipulation mediated mitochondrial dysfunction based on engineered nanozyme for primary and metastatic breast Cancer therapy. Small. 21 (14), e2411299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202411299 (2025).","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"4639_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simon, L., Arazo-Rusindo, M., Quest, A. F. G., Mariotti-Celis, M. S. & Phlorotannins Novel orally administrated bioactive compounds that induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 7 (9). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox12091734 (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091734"},{"key":"4639_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01229","volume":"10","author":"D Kimono","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kimono, D. et al. Dysbiosis-Associated enteric glial cell Immune-Activation and redox imbalance modulate tight junction protein expression in Gulf war illness pathology. Front. Physiol. 10, 1229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.01229 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"4639_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2023.101870","volume":"41","author":"P Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao, P. et al. BRMS1L confers anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer by transcriptionally inducing a redox imbalance in the GPX2-ROS pathway. Transl Oncol 41, 101870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tranon.2023.101870 (2024).","journal-title":"Transl Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4639_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3109\/01902148.2012.686559","volume":"38","author":"M Niczyporuk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niczyporuk, M. et al. A lack of correlation between mast cells, angiogenesis, and outcome in non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Lung Res. 38 (6), 281\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/01902148.2012.686559 (2012).","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0530-3","volume":"26","author":"Y Lv","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lv, Y. et al. Increased intratumoral mast cells foster immune suppression and gastric cancer progression through TNF-alpha-PD-L1 pathway. J Immunother Cancer. 26 (1), 54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40425-019-0530-3 (2019).","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"2(2","key":"4639_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD015783","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015783","volume":"7","author":"H Sultana","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sultana, H. et al. Prognostic value of blood eosinophils for predicting survival and treatment outcomes in people with non-small cell lung cancer. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 7 (2(2), CD015783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD015783 (2025).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev"},{"key":"4639_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2022.07.018","volume":"20","author":"T Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, T. & Wong, G. Gene expression data analysis using Hellinger correlation in weighted gene co-expression networks (WGCNA). Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. 20, 3851\u20133863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csbj.2022.07.018 (2022).","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18439","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21891-0","volume":"2","author":"N Pakvisal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pakvisal, N. et al. Differential expression of immune-regulatory proteins C5AR1, CLEC4A and NLRP3 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients. Sci Rep. 2 (1), 18439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-21891-0 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4639_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demircan, T., Yavuz, M. & Boluk, A. Unveiling the potential of S4 on Non-small cell lung Cancer cells: impact on proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, and metabolome profile. Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 22 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0118715206350735241224073200 (2025).","DOI":"10.2174\/0118715206350735241224073200"},{"issue":"9","key":"4639_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110846","volume":"20","author":"Y Hu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hu, Y. et al. AXL and SHC1 confer Crizotinib resistance in patient-derived xenograft model of ALK-driven lung cancer. iScience 20 (9), 110846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110846 (2024).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-024-03416-z","volume":"28","author":"J Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, J. et al. Pitavastatin sensitizes the EGFR-TKI associated resistance in lung cancer by inhibiting YAP\/AKT\/BAD-BCL-2 pathway. Cancer Cell. Int. 28 (1), 224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12935-024-03416-z (2024).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell. Int"},{"key":"4639_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156455","volume":"139","author":"C Hu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hu, C. et al. The hidden potential of solasonine: targeting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis through GATM and Smad2 pathways. Phytomedicine. 139, 156455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156455 (2025).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"21","key":"4639_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21758","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103984","volume":"7","author":"M Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, M. et al. Caspase-3 knockout attenuates radiation-induced tumor repopulation via impairing the ATM\/p53\/Cox-2\/PGE(2) pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY). 7 (21), 21758\u201321776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.103984 (2020).","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"4639_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2024.107847","volume":"193","author":"K Mahmood","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahmood, K. et al. Differences in microenvironment of lung cancer and pleural effusions by single-cell RNA sequencing. Lung Cancer. 193, 107847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lungcan.2024.107847 (2024).","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"4639_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2024.108037","volume":"110","author":"O Baothman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baothman, O. et al. Multi-targeted therapeutic potential of stigmasterol from the Euphorbia ammak plant in treating lung and breast cancer. Comput Biol. Chem. 110, 108037. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2024.108037 (2024).","journal-title":"Comput Biol. Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-024-03122-8","volume":"22","author":"D Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun, D. et al. CXCL5 impedes CD8(+) T cell immunity by upregulating PD-L1 expression in lung cancer via PXN\/AKT signaling phosphorylation and neutrophil chemotaxis. J Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 22 (1), 202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13046-024-03122-8 (2024).","journal-title":"J Exp. Clin. Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4639_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.5c00005","volume":"13","author":"RW Sabnis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sabnis, R. W. Novel bicyclic amines as CDK2 inhibitors for treating metastatic breast Cancer or metastatic lung Cancer. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 13 (2), 198\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.5c00005 (2025).","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett"},{"issue":"10","key":"4639_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3333","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16292","volume":"115","author":"Y Matsui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matsui, Y. et al. Initial AXL and MCL-1 Inhibition contributes to abolishing lazertinib tolerance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 115 (10), 3333\u20133345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cas.16292 (2024).","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"4639_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.14712\/fb2024070020104","volume":"70","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. et al. circRACGAP1 promotes proliferation of Non-Small cell lung Cancer cells through the miR-1296\/CDK2 pathway. Folia Biol. (Praha). 70 (2), 104\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14712\/fb2024070020104 (2024).","journal-title":"Folia Biol. (Praha)"},{"issue":"8","key":"4639_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2937","DOI":"10.1039\/d4md00337c","volume":"14","author":"MS Islam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Islam, M. S. et al. Exploiting spirooxindoles for dual DNA targeting\/CDK2 Inhibition and simultaneous mitigation of oxidative stress towards selective NSCLC therapy; synthesis, evaluation, and molecular modelling studies. RSC Med. Chem. 14 (8), 2937\u20132958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d4md00337c (2024).","journal-title":"RSC Med. Chem"},{"key":"4639_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121615","volume":"15","author":"CL Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, C. L. et al. Polypeptide antibiotic actinomycin D induces Mcl-1 uncanonical downregulation in lung cancer cell apoptosis. Life Sci. 15, 321:121615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121615 (2023).","journal-title":"Life Sci"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-04639-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-04639-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-04639-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T22:39:23Z","timestamp":1751409563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-04639-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-04639-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was not required for this study, as it utilized de-identified publicly available datasets, and the original research had already obtained appropriate ethical clearance.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was not required for this secondary analysis, as the original studies had already obtained written informed consent from participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"22449"}}