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However, many peatlands face increased risk of drought due to climate change, and how <jats:italic>Sphagnum<\/jats:italic> will respond and recover from drought is unknown. We measured moisture content, CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and methane (CH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) flux, and photosynthetic pigments in two species, <jats:italic>S. palustre<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. squarrosum<\/jats:italic>, over increasing drought (1\u201310 weeks) and recovery (1\u201310 weeks) periods. We identified biomass moisture thresholds of 12\u00a0g g<jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>S. palustre<\/jats:italic>) and 18\u00a0g g<jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>S. squarrosum<\/jats:italic>) below which irreversible damage occurred to photosynthesis. Due to higher moisture retention, and a lower moisture threshold, <jats:italic>S. palustre<\/jats:italic> withstood longer drought than <jats:italic>S. squarrosum<\/jats:italic>. These species-specific thresholds provide important insight for modelling peatland C sinks and for sustainable peatland restoration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-05348-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T21:04:44Z","timestamp":1751403884000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recovery of Sphagnum from drought is controlled by species-specific moisture thresholds"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7614-8018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Keane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0661-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma L.","family":"Shuttleworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2300-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin G.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5753-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Ritson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2184-0274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6788-0407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8072-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Alderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8477-2774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gareth D.","family":"Clay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"5348_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gambhir, A. et al. 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