{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:18:04Z","timestamp":1790803084045,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004070","name":"Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FSU-2022-020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FSU-2022-020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-06371-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T18:49:51Z","timestamp":1751395791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Vm and \u03b6-potential of Candida albicans corelate with biofilm formation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8909-9996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew P","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8855-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad T.","family":"Al Bataineh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreejisha P","family":"Sreedharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1573-3659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herbert F.","family":"Jelinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7385-5876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Pycraft","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"6371_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.94","volume":"14","author":"H-C Flemming","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flemming, H-C. et al. Biofilms: an emergent form of bacterial life. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 14, 563\u2013575 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"6371_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21838","volume":"100","author":"JD Bryers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bryers, J. D. Medical biofilms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 100, 1\u201318 (2008).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"6371_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00029-06","volume":"20","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pfaller, M. A. & Diekema, D. J. Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: a persistent public health problem. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 20, 133\u2013163 (2007).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"6371_CR4","unstructured":"isid.org\/guide\/pathogens\/fungal-infections."},{"key":"6371_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7020079","volume":"7","author":"J Talapko","year":"2021","unstructured":"Talapko, J. et al. Candida albicans-the virulence factors and clinical manifestations of infection. J. Fungi. 7, 79 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"6371_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00415","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00415-18","volume":"86","author":"BG Seman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seman, B. G. et al. Yeast and filaments have specialized, independent activities in a zebrafish model of Candida albicans infection. Infect. Immun. 86, e00415\u2013e00418 (2018).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"6371_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.17.4753","volume":"20","author":"BR Braun","year":"2001","unstructured":"Braun, B. R., Kadosh, D. & Johnson, A. D. NRG1, a repressor of filamentous growth in C.albicans, is down-regulated during filament induction. EMBO J. 20, 4753\u20134761 (2001).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"6371_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000828","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000828","volume":"26","author":"P Uppuluri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uppuluri, P. et al. Dispersion as an important step in the Candida albicans biofilm developmental cycle. PLoS Pathog. 26, 1000828 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"6371_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fow011","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/fow011","volume":"16","author":"IA Cleary","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cleary, I. A. et al. Examination of the pathogenic potential of Candida albicans filamentous cells in an animal model of haematogenously disseminated candidiasis. FEMS Yeast Res. 16, fow011 (2016).","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"6371_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carlisle, P. L. et al. Expression levels of a filament-specific transcriptional regulator are sufficient to determine Candida albicans morphology and virulence. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 599\u2013604 (2009).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804061106"},{"key":"6371_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wakade, R. S., Wellington, M. & Krysan, D. J. Temporal dynamics of Candida albicans morphogenesis and gene expression reveals distinctions between in vitro and in vivo filamentation. mSphere 9, e00110-24 (2024). (2024).","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00110-24"},{"key":"6371_CR12","unstructured":"Lyklema, J. Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Science (Academic, 1991)."},{"key":"6371_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7035","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.8b03920","volume":"35","author":"DE Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith, D. E., Dhinojwala, A. & Moore, F. B. G. Effect of substrate and bacterial zeta potential on adhesion of Mycobacterium smegmatis. Langmuir 35, 7035\u20137042 (2019).","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"6371_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2021.183597","volume":"1863","author":"APV Ferreyra Maillard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferreyra Maillard, A. P. V., Espeche, J. C., Maturana, P., Cutro, A. C. & Hollmann, A. Zeta potential beyond materials science: applications to bacterial systems and to the development of novel antimicrobials. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1863, 183597 (2021).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"6371_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galvani, L. De Viribus Electricitatis in Motu Musculari Commentaries (Ex Typographia Instituti Scientiarum Bologna, 1792).","DOI":"10.5479\/sil.324681.39088000932442"},{"key":"6371_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.27.1.37","volume":"27","author":"DE Goldman","year":"1943","unstructured":"Goldman, D. E. Potential, impedance, and rectification in membranes. J. Gen. Physiol. 27, 37\u201360 (1943).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"6371_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1949.sp004310","volume":"108","author":"AL Hodgkin","year":"1949","unstructured":"Hodgkin, A. L. & Katz, B. The effect of sodium ions on the electrical activity of the giant axon of the squid. J. Physiol. 108, 37\u201377 (1949).","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"6371_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1038\/260799a0","volume":"260","author":"E Neher","year":"1976","unstructured":"Neher, E. & Sakmann, B. Single-channel currents recorded from membrane of denervated frog muscle fibres. Nature 260, 799\u2013802 (1976).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"6371_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18477","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69000-7","volume":"14","author":"MP Hughes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hughes, M. P. et al. Label-free, non-contact Estimation of resting membrane potential using dielectrophoresis. Sci. Rep. 14, 18477 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"6371_CR20","first-page":"1626","volume":"16","author":"T Aiuchi","year":"1977","unstructured":"Aiuchi, T., Kamo, N., Kurihara, K. & Kobatake, Y. Significance of surface potential in interaction of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate with mitochondria: fluorescence intensity and \u03b6 potential. Bioelectrochem 16, 1626\u20131630 (1977).","journal-title":"Bioelectrochem"},{"key":"6371_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(76)90430-2","volume":"426","author":"M Hato","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hato, M., Ueda, T., Kurihara, K. & Kobatake, Y. Change in zeta potential and membrane potential of slime mold physarum polycephalum in response to chemical stimuli. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 426, 73\u201380 (1976).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"6371_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0927-7757(93)80005-Y","volume":"73","author":"AS Dukhin","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dukhin, A. S. Biospecific mechanism of double layer formation and peculiarities of cell electrophoresis. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem Eng. 73, 29\u201348 (1993).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem Eng."},{"key":"6371_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(74)90482-0","volume":"87","author":"K Redmann","year":"1974","unstructured":"Redmann, K., Jenssen, H-L. & K\u00f6hler, H-J. Experimental and functional changes in transmembrane potential and zeta potential of single cultured cells. Exp. Cell. Res. 87, 281\u2013289 (1974).","journal-title":"Exp. Cell. Res."},{"key":"6371_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19446","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98102-9","volume":"11","author":"MP Hughes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hughes, M. P. et al. Vm-related extracellular potentials observed in red blood cells. Sci. Rep. 11, 19446 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"6371_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zyae003","DOI":"10.1093\/intbio\/zyae003","volume":"16","author":"MP Hughes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hughes, M. P. The cellular zeta potential: cell electrophysiology beyond the membrane. Integr. Biol. 16, zyae003 (2024).","journal-title":"Integr. Biol."},{"key":"6371_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0292647","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292647","volume":"18","author":"MT Al Bataineh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al Bataineh, M. T. & Alazzam, A. Transforming medical device biofilm control with surface treatment using microfabrication techniques. Plos One. 18, e0292647 (2023).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"6371_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.141","volume":"3","author":"CG Pierce","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pierce, C. G. et al. A simple and reproducible 96-well plate-based method for the formation of fungal biofilms and its application to antifungal susceptibility testing. Nat. Protoc. 3, 1494\u20131500 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"6371_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55579-9","volume":"9","author":"KF Hoettges","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hoettges, K. F. et al. Ten\u2013Second electrophysiology: evaluation of the 3DEP platform for high-speed, high-accuracy cell analysis. Sci. Rep. 9, 19153 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"6371_CR29","unstructured":"Tsai, T. et al. Electrical signature of heterogeneous human mesenchymal stem cells. Electrophoresis,10.1002\/elps.202300202. (2024)."},{"key":"6371_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1089\/bioe.2021.0044","volume":"4","author":"MP Hughes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hughes, M. P. et al. The platelet electrome: evidence for a role in regulation of function and surface interaction. Bioelectricity 4, 153\u2013159 (2022).","journal-title":"Bioelectricity"},{"key":"6371_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00185","volume":"4","author":"M Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang, M. & Brackenbury, W. J. Membrane potential and cancer progression. Front. Physiol. 4, 185 (2013).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"6371_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"055701","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ad25de","volume":"35","author":"S Chacar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chacar, S. et al. Label-free, contactless measurement of membrane potential in excitable H9c2 cardiomyoblasts using \u03b6-potential. Meas. Sci. Tech. 35, 055701 (2024).","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"6371_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadk9109","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adk9109","volume":"16","author":"M Skov","year":"2024","unstructured":"Skov, M. et al. The ClC-1 chloride channel inhibitor NMD670 improves skeletal muscle function in rat models and patients with myasthenia Gravis. Sci. Transl Med. 16, eadk9109 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl Med."},{"key":"6371_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1716","volume":"70","author":"W Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee, W. & Lee, D. G. Potential role of potassium and chloride channels in regulation of silymarin-induced apoptosis in Candida albicans. IUBMB Life. 70, 197\u2013206 (2018).","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"6371_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1994.1607","volume":"242","author":"ME Huang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Huang, M. E., Chuat, J. C. & Galibert, F. A voltage-gated chloride channel in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Mol. Biol. 242, 595\u2013598 (1994).","journal-title":"J Mol. Biol"},{"key":"6371_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8050756","volume":"8","author":"CJ Nobile","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nobile, C. J., Ennis, C. L., Hartooni, N., Johnson, A. D. & Lohse, M. B. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a proton pump inhibitor, and two calcium channel blockers inhibit Candida albicans biofilms. Microorganisms 8, 756 (2020).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"6371_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994487","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.994487","volume":"10","author":"FH Labeed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Labeed, F. H. et al. Circadian rhythmicity in murine blood: electrical effects of malaria infection and anemia. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 10, 994487 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-06371-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-06371-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-06371-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T18:49:53Z","timestamp":1751395793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-06371-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6371"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-06371-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Author MPH holds shares in Deparator ltd, which manufactured one of the instruments used in this study. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22475"}}