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The significance of nurses\u2019 performance in this field is paramount due to the potential consequences of errors. Therefore, nurses in cardiac intensive care units (C-ICU) must consistently undergo essential training to minimize errors and enhance their skills. This study aimed to identify the essential educational topics for nurses working in the C-ICU, provide targeted training based on these topics, and ultimately compare the clinical performance of trained nurses with those who did not receive the training. This is a mixed method study conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the educational needs of nurses were identified through a literature review and interview with 360 nurses. Subsequently, the most important educational topics were selected using a two-round Delphi study. In the second phase, a checklist to evaluate clinical performance was designed. In the final phase, 95 nurses were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either the control group (n\u2009=\u200960) includes untrained nurses, and the case group (n\u2009=\u200935) includes nurses who have received 70\u00a0h of training. Thirty case group nurses scoring above 70 advanced to the next phase. Subsequently, both case and control groups spent 6 months in hospital activities before being assessed with a checklist designed in the second phase by eight nurses. In total, 21 educational topics were approved for teaching nurses. In all topics, the mean score of the trained group (case) was higher than that of the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Furthermore, the trained group exhibited a mean total score of 883 (\u00b1\u200936.23), whereas the untrained group showed a mean score of 566.45 (\u00b1\u200939.95), indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The findings of this study indicate that the performance of trained nurses was superior to that of untrained nurses. To enhance the clinical and theoretical capabilities of nurses in critical wards, it is recommended that, in addition to general education, nurses receive specialized training tailored to the specific requirements of their respective wards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08728-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T15:51:45Z","timestamp":1751471505000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of tailored educational content on improving nurses\u2019 clinical performance in cardiac surgery wards: a mixed-methods study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8882-5765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Kazemi-Arpanahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5730-3972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadijeh","family":"Moulaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7424-9072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdos","family":"Hadideh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8934-5280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Gorjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0335-7094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Baghrobehbahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3267-1282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3205-9483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noorollah","family":"Tahery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4378-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammadsadegh","family":"Aghili Nasab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0617-6758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Sayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1997-293X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahsa","family":"Tafazoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6751-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raha","family":"Tabahfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7392-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeinab","family":"Nassari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7220-9394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farshid","family":"Mohammad Mousaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6145-7619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elham","family":"Mohammadi Darvishvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9511-585X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Shafiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"8728_CR1","first-page":"174","volume":"170","author":"M Hulman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hulman, M. et al. 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All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (declaration of Helsinki).\u00a0All the participants have provided written informed consent to the researchers. They were cognizant of the objectives of the study. They were also informed that their participation was voluntary, and they had the liberty to withdraw from the study at any instance. We have assured the participants that their participation in this research is entirely voluntary. Choose or not participate with them. If you do not participate in all the services received in this center, you will continue and nothing will change. We assured participants that participation in this study is not a risk for them. The authors told the participants that if they are interested in collaborating, please allow us in writing to access the required documents and information. On the other hand, the purposes of the study and the type of study were explained to the participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"23616"}}