{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:53:26Z","timestamp":1792184006199,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08773-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T14:41:59Z","timestamp":1751553719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Effect of Erosive Media on Color Stability, Gloss, and Surface Roughness of Monolithic CAD\/CAM Materials Subjected to Different Polishing Methods"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3917-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazire Esra","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6128-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ece \u0130rem","family":"O\u011fuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"8773_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.118317","volume":"17","author":"S Baliga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baliga, S., Muglikar, S. & Kale, R. Salivary pH: A diagnostic biomarker. J. Indian Soc. Periodontol. 17, 461\u2013465 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Indian Soc. Periodontol"},{"key":"8773_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.04.018","volume":"123","author":"MEM Cruz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cruz, M. E. M. et al. Influence of simulated gastric juice on surface characteristics of CAD-CAM monolithic materials. J. Prosthet. Dent. 123, 483\u2013490 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02230-1","volume":"22","author":"A Elraggal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elraggal, A., Afifi, R. & Abdelraheem, I. Effect of erosive media on microhardness and fracture toughness of CAD-CAM dental materials. BMC Oral Health. 22, 191 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"8773_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512449836","volume":"24","author":"N Schlueter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schlueter, N., Jaeggi, T. & Lussi, A. Is dental erosion really a problem? Adv. Dent. Res. 24, 68\u201371 (2012).","journal-title":"Adv. Dent. Res."},{"key":"8773_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.09.010","volume":"31","author":"TA Sulaiman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sulaiman, T. A. et al. Impact of gastric acidic challenge on surface topography and optical properties of monolithic zirconia. Dent. Mater. 31, 1445\u20131452 (2015).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2021.104503","volume":"119","author":"H Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang, H., Lu, Z. C., Attin, T. & Yu, H. Erosion of CAD\/CAM restorative materials and human enamel: an in vitro study. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 119, 104503 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201902263","volume":"30","author":"EH Ozera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ozera, E. H. et al. Color stability and gloss of esthetic restorative materials after chemical challenges. Braz Dent. J. 30, 52\u201357 (2019).","journal-title":"Braz Dent. J."},{"key":"8773_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.2341\/15-174-L","volume":"42","author":"M Carrabba","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carrabba, M. et al. Effect of finishing and Polishing on the surface roughness and gloss of feldspathic ceramic for chairside CAD\/CAM systems. Oper. Dent. 42, 175\u2013184 (2017).","journal-title":"Oper. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12735","volume":"33","author":"GD Siddanna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siddanna, G. D., Valcanaia, A. J., Fierro, P. H., Neiva, G. F. & Fasbinder, D. J. Surface evaluation of resilient CAD\/CAM ceramics after contouring and Polishing. J. Esthet Restor. Dent. 33, 750\u2013763 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Esthet Restor. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_592_22","volume":"26","author":"NE Ozer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ozer, N. E. & Oguz, E. I. Influence of different finishing-polishing procedures and thermocycle aging on the surface roughness of nano-ceramic hybrid CAD\/CAM material. Niger J. Clin. Pract. 26, 604\u2013611 (2023).","journal-title":"Niger J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"8773_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2024.03.006","volume":"40","author":"U Lohbauer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lohbauer, U. et al. Glass science behind lithium silicate glass-ceramics. Dent. Mater. 40, 842\u2013857 (2024).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurado, C. A. et al. Ceramic and composite Polishing systems for milled lithium disilicate restorative materials: A 2D and 3D comparative in vitro study. Materials (Basel) 15 (15), 5402 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15155402"},{"key":"8773_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2023.04.308","volume":"89","author":"K Sarthak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sarthak, K., Singh, K., Bhavya, K. & Gali, S. Glazing as a bonding system for zirconia dental ceramics. Mater. Today Proc. 89, 24\u201329 (2023).","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"8773_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.11.019","volume":"39","author":"A Elraggal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elraggal, A., Afifi, R., Alamoush, R., Raheem, R. A., Watts, D. C. & I. A. & Effect of acidic media on flexural strength and fatigue of CAD-CAM dental materials. Dent. Mater. 39, 57\u201369 (2023).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alghamdi, W. S. et al. Influence of acidic environment on the hardness, surface roughness and wear ability of CAD\/CAM resin-matrix ceramics. Materials (Basel), 15 (17), 6146 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15176146"},{"key":"8773_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567e561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.08.022","volume":"122","author":"M Alnasser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alnasser, M. et al. Effect of acidic pH on surface roughness of esthetic dental materials. J. Prosthet. Dent. 122, 567e561\u2013567e568 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034513484332","volume":"92","author":"JF Esquivel-Upshaw","year":"2013","unstructured":"Esquivel-Upshaw, J. F., Dieng, F. Y., Clark, A. E., Neal, D. & Anusavice, K. J. Surface degradation of dental ceramics as a function of environmental pH. J. Dent. Res. 92, 467\u2013471 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"8773_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alnsour, M. M., Alamoush, R. A., Silikas, N. & Satterthwaite, J. D. The effect of erosive media on the mechanical properties of CAD\/CAM composite materials. J Funct. Biomater, 15 (10), 292 (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15100292"},{"key":"8773_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scotti, N. et al. Influence of low-pH beverages on the two-body wear of CAD\/CAM monolithic materials. Polymers (Basel) 13 (17), 2915 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13172915"},{"key":"8773_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12716","volume":"29","author":"A Kulkarni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kulkarni, A., Rothrock, J. & Thompson, J. Impact of gastric acid induced surface changes on mechanical behavior and optical characteristics of dental ceramics. J. Prosthodont. 29, 207\u2013218 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"key":"8773_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06223-6","volume":"29","author":"AA KA","year":"2025","unstructured":"KA, A. A. & Rayyan, M. R. Effect of simulated tooth brushing on the surface gloss of monolithic all-ceramic restorations: an in vitro study. Clin. Oral Investig. 29, 133 (2025).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig"},{"key":"8773_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpor.2017.06.001","volume":"62","author":"F Egilmez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Egilmez, F., Ergun, G., Cekic-Nagas, I., Vallittu, P. K. & Lassila, L. V. J. Does artificial aging affect mechanical properties of CAD\/CAM composite materials. J. Prosthodontic Res. 62, 65\u201374 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Prosthodontic Res."},{"key":"8773_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12525","volume":"32","author":"A Seyidaliyeva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seyidaliyeva, A. et al. Color stability of polymer-infiltrated-ceramics compared with lithium disilicate ceramics and composite. J. Esthet Restor. Dent. 32, 43\u201350 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Esthet Restor. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2023.05.002","volume":"39","author":"EF de Castro","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Castro, E. F. et al. Effect of build orientation in gloss, roughness and color of 3D-printed resins for provisional indirect restorations. Dent. Mater. 39, e1\u2013e11 (2023).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-013-0126-1","volume":"102","author":"S Ardu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ardu, S., Braut, V., Di Bella, E. & Lefever, D. Influence of background on natural tooth colour coordinates: an in vivo evaluation. Odontol 102, 267\u2013271 (2014).","journal-title":"Odontol"},{"key":"8773_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.10.015","volume":"32","author":"OE Pecho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pecho, O. E., Ghinea, R., Alessandretti, R. & P\u00e9rez, M. M. Della bona, A. Visual and instrumental shade matching using CIELAB and CIEDE2000 color difference formulas. Dent. Mater. 32, 82\u201392 (2016).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"8773_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2023.104423","volume":"130","author":"I Papathanasiou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Papathanasiou, I., Zinelis, S., Papavasiliou, G. & Kamposiora, P. Effect of aging on color, gloss and surface roughness of CAD\/CAM composite materials. J. Dent. 130, 104423 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR28","unstructured":"Standardization, I. O. & Technical Committee ISO\/TC 106, D. Dentistry: Ceramic Materials (ISO 6872:2015)European Committee for Standardization,. (2015)."},{"key":"8773_CR29","unstructured":"D, McIntyre JM. The development of an in vitro model of dental erosion. J Dent. Res. 71, 985 (1992)."},{"key":"8773_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03069-7","volume":"24","author":"SH Jo\u00e3o-Souza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jo\u00e3o-Souza, S. H. et al. Toothpaste factors related to dentine tubule occlusion and dentine protection against erosion and abrasion. Clin. Oral Investig. 24, 2051\u20132060 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig"},{"key":"8773_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/60.6.864","volume":"60","author":"MM Hetherington","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hetherington, M. M., Altemus, M., Nelson, M. L., Bernat, A. S. & Gold, P. W. Eating behavior in bulimia nervosa: multiple meal analyses. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 60, 864\u2013873 (1994).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"8773_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2032","volume":"18","author":"CA Lemos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lemos, C. A., Mauro, S. J., Dos Santos, P. H., Briso, A. L. & Fagundes, T. C. Influence of mechanical and chemical degradation in the surface roughness, gloss, and color of microhybrid composites. J. Contemp. Dent. Pract. 18, 283\u2013288 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Contemp. Dent. Pract."},{"key":"8773_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12837","volume":"66","author":"B Elter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elter, B., Alada\u011f, A., \u00c7\u00f6mleko\u011flu, M. E., D\u00fcndar \u00c7\u00f6mleko\u011flu, M. & Kesercio\u011flu A. colour stability of sectional laminate veneers: A laboratory study. Aust Dent. J. 66, 314\u2013323 (2021).","journal-title":"Aust Dent. J."},{"key":"8773_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(09)60028-7","volume":"101","author":"S Kim-Pusateri","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim-Pusateri, S., Brewer, J. D., Davis, E. L. & Wee, A. G. Reliability and accuracy of four dental shade-matching devices. J. Prosthet. Dent. 101, 193\u2013199 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_330_19","volume":"23","author":"EA Ayaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ayaz, E. A. & Ustun, S. Effect of staining and denture cleaning on color stability of differently polymerized denture base acrylic resins. Niger J. Clin. Pract. 23, 304\u2013309 (2020).","journal-title":"Niger J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"8773_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04895-2","volume":"24","author":"K Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz, K., \u00d6zdemir, E. & G\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015f, F. Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, Polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials. BMC Oral Health. 24, 1104 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"8773_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez G\u00f3mez, M. M., Pecho, O., Ghinea, R. I. & Pulgar, R. & Della bona, A. Recent advances in color and whiteness evaluations in dentistry. Curr Dent 01, 23-29 (2019).","DOI":"10.2174\/2542579X01666180719125137"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"8773_CR38","first-page":"S40","volume":"28","author":"NC Lawson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lawson, N. C. & Burgess, J. O. Gloss and stain resistance of ceramic-polymer CAD\/CAM restorative blocks. J. Esthet Restor. Dent. 28 (Suppl 1), S40\u201345 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Esthet Restor. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR39","first-page":"81","volume":"36","author":"H Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, H., Yang, S., Attin, T. & Yu, H. Effect of acidic solutions on the surface roughness and microhardness of indirect restorative materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Prosthodont. 36, 81\u201390 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Prosthodont."},{"key":"8773_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/00016350903251321","volume":"68","author":"B Kukiattrakoon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kukiattrakoon, B., Hengtrakool, C. & Kedjarune-Leggat, U. Chemical durability and microhardness of dental ceramics immersed in acidic agents. Acta Odontol. Scand. 68, 1\u201310 (2010).","journal-title":"Acta Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"8773_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2013-265","volume":"33","author":"S Cengiz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cengiz, S., Sarac, S. & \u00d6zcan, M. Effects of simulated gastric juice on color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of laboratory-processed composites. Dent. Mater. J. 33, 343\u2013348 (2014).","journal-title":"Dent. Mater. J."},{"key":"8773_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alencar-Silva, F. J. et al. Effect of beverage solutions and toothbrushing on the surface roughness, microhardness, and color stainability of a vitreous CAD-CAM lithium disilicate ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 121, 711.e711-711.e716 (2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.02.001"},{"key":"8773_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-022-00743-3","volume":"111","author":"MN Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz, M. N. & Gul, P. Susceptibility to discoloration of dental restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin after bleaching. Odontology 111, 376\u2013386 (2023).","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"8773_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.4103\/ejd.ejd_313_16","volume":"11","author":"M Ceci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ceci, M. et al. Discoloration of different esthetic restorative materials: A spectrophotometric evaluation. Eur. J. Dent. 11, 149\u2013156 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698304","volume":"1","author":"C de Sales-Peres","year":"2007","unstructured":"de Sales-Peres, C., Magalh\u00e3es, S. H., de Andrade Moreira Machado, A. C., Buzalaf, M. A. & M. A. & Evaluation of the erosive potential of soft drinks. Eur. J. Dent. 1, 10\u201313 (2007).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12349","volume":"30","author":"S Tanthanuch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tanthanuch, S. et al. Surface changes of various bulk-fill resin-based composites after exposure to different food-simulating liquid and beverages. J. Esthet Restor. Dent. 30, 126\u2013135 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Esthet Restor. Dent."},{"key":"8773_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2010.01692.x","volume":"16","author":"DJ Aframian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aframian, D. J., Ofir, M. & Benoliel, R. Comparison of oral mucosal pH values in bulimia nervosa, GERD, BMS patients and healthy population. Oral Dis. 16, 807\u2013811 (2010).","journal-title":"Oral Dis."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-08773-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-08773-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-08773-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T14:42:04Z","timestamp":1751553724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-08773-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-08773-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This in-vitro study does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23774"}}