{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T07:49:18Z","timestamp":1769759358641,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10162-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T04:53:05Z","timestamp":1751950385000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Carotid intima media thickness, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Negin","family":"Eissazade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elyar Alizadeh","family":"Najmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Hemmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mehdizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Mirzaasgari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10162_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0041-4","author":"M Filippi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Filippi, M. et al. Multiple sclerosis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-018-0041-4 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"10162_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.17879\/freeneuropathology-2023-4675","volume":"4","author":"T Kuhlmann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuhlmann, T. & Antel, J. Multiple sclerosis: 2023 update. Free Neuropathol. 4, 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17879\/freeneuropathology-2023-4675 (2023).","journal-title":"Free Neuropathol."},{"key":"10162_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e733","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006902","volume":"92","author":"G Dalla Costa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dalla Costa, G. et al. Prognostic value of serum neurofilaments in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Neurology 92, e733\u2013e741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006902 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10162_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22357","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01942-8","volume":"11","author":"T Akaishi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akaishi, T. et al. White blood cell count profiles in multiple sclerosis during attacks before the initiation of acute and chronic treatments. Sci. Rep. 11, 22357\u201322357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-01942-8 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10162_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692061","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.692061","volume":"12","author":"R Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, R. et al. New insight into neutrophils: A potential therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia. Front. Immunol. 12, 692061\u2013692061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.692061 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10162_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05507-5","volume":"43","author":"SP Kara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kara, S. P., Altunan, B. & Unal, A. Investigation of the peripheral inflammation (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio) in two neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Neurol. Sci. 43, 1799\u20131807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-021-05507-5 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10162_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2011.11.009","volume":"242","author":"M Naegele","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naegele, M. et al. Neutrophils in multiple sclerosis are characterized by a primed phenotype. J. Neuroimmunol. 242, 60\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2011.11.009 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10162_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2015.1050492","author":"S Demirci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Demirci, S., Demirci, S., Kutluhan, S., Koyuncuoglu, H. R. & Yurekli, V. A. The clinical significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in multiple sclerosis. Int. J. Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00207454.2015.1050492 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10162_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2015.08.010","volume":"79","author":"I Guzel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guzel, I., Mungan, S., Oztekin, Z. N. & Ak, F. Is there an association between the expanded disability status scale and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis?. J. Chin. Med. Assoc. 79, 54\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcma.2015.08.010 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10162_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009","volume":"18","author":"AK Bisgaard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bisgaard, A. K., Pihl-Jensen, G. & Frederiksen, J. L. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as disease actvity marker in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 18, 213\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009 (2017).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10162_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CC01","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/24388.9764","volume":"11","author":"F Al-Hussain","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Hussain, F. et al. Relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and stress in multiple sclerosis patients. J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 11, CC01\u2013CC04. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/24388.9764 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Res."},{"key":"10162_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205521731881318","DOI":"10.1177\/2055217318813183","volume":"4","author":"IC Hasselbalch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasselbalch, I. C. et al. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. J. Exp. Transl. Clin. 4, 2055217318813183\u20132055217318813183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2055217318813183 (2018).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J. Exp. Transl. Clin."},{"key":"10162_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8101114","volume":"8","author":"E D'Amico","year":"2019","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico, E. et al. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is related to disease activity in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Cells 8, 1114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells8101114 (2019).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10162_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1245-2","volume":"19","author":"CC Hemond","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hemond, C. C., Glanz, B. I., Bakshi, R., Chitnis, T. & Healy, B. C. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios are independently associated with neurological disability and brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol. 19, 23\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-019-1245-2 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10162_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102921","volume":"51","author":"RM Fahmi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fahmi, R. M., Ramadan, B. M., Salah, H., Elsaid, A. F. & Shehta, N. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a marker for disability and activity in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 51, 102921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102921 (2021).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10162_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13401","volume":"143","author":"A Olsson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olsson, A. et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and CRP as biomarkers in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Acta Neurol. Scand. 143, 577\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ane.13401 (2021).","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10162_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-023-03101-0","volume":"23","author":"SF Gokce","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gokce, S. F., Bolay\u0131r, A., Cigdem, B. & Yildiz, B. The role of systemic \u0131mmune \u0131nflammatory \u0131ndex in showing active lesion \u0131n patients with multiple sclerosis: SII and other inflamatuar biomarker in radiological active multiple sclerosis patients. BMC Neurol. 23, 64\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-023-03101-0 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10162_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/413465","volume":"2013","author":"NY Hern\u00e1ndez-Pedro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Pedro, N. Y., Espinosa-Ramirez, G., de la Cruz, V. P., Pineda, B. & Sotelo, J. Initial immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: Innate immune response. Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2013, 413465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/413465 (2013).","journal-title":"Clin. Dev. Immunol."},{"key":"10162_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540263","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1540263","volume":"16","author":"C Prado","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prado, C., Herrada, A. A., Hevia, D., Goiry, L. G. & Escobedo, N. Role of innate immune cells in multiple sclerosis. Front. Immunol. 16, 1540263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1540263 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10162_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10122563","volume":"10","author":"L Abensur-Vuillaume","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abensur-Vuillaume, L. et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and early variation of NLR to predict in-hospital mortality and severity ED in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J. Clin. Med. 10, 2563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10122563 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10162_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103507","volume":"58","author":"E Carnero Contentti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carnero Contentti, E. et al. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio differs between MS and NMOSD at disease onset and predict disability. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 58, 103507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103507 (2022).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10162_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631454","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.631454","volume":"12","author":"W Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma, W. et al. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with newly diagnosed moyamoya disease: A cross-sectional study. Front. Neurol. 12, 631454\u2013631454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.631454 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10162_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7132","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7132","volume":"7","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, D. et al. Preoperative inflammatory markers of NLR and PLR as indicators of poor prognosis in resectable HCC. PeerJ 7, e7132\u2013e7132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.7132 (2019).","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10162_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.10.022","volume":"28","author":"T Corriere","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corriere, T. et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a strong predictor of atherosclerotic carotid plaques in older adults. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 28, 23\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.10.022 (2018).","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10162_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa1034","volume":"42","author":"NH Adamstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adamstein, N. H. et al. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and incident atherosclerotic events: Analyses from five contemporary randomized trials. Eur. Heart J. 42, 896\u2013903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa1034 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10162_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1801","volume":"48","author":"MR Mannarino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mannarino, M. R. et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is not related to carotid atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular events in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Results from the IMPROVE study. BioFactors 48, 100\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biof.1801 (2022).","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"key":"10162_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.890152","volume":"20","author":"A Temiz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Temiz, A. et al. Platelet\/lymphocyte ratio and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. Med. Sci. Monit. 20, 660\u2013665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.890152 (2014).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10162_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103348","volume":"75","author":"MR Farzan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farzan, M. R. et al. Carotid intima-media thickness measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann. Med. Surg. (Lond) 75, 103348\u2013103348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103348 (2022).","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Surg. (Lond)"},{"key":"10162_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-021-01862-7","volume":"136","author":"T Omerzu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Omerzu, T. et al. Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 136, 40\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01862-7 (2021).","journal-title":"Wien. Klin. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10162_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.06.008","volume":"101","author":"KI Okayama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okayama, K. I. et al. Carotid intima-media thickness progression predicts cardiovascular events in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 101, 286\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.06.008 (2013).","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10162_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2019.10.002","volume":"48","author":"B Yuksel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuksel, B. et al. Is multiple sclerosis a risk factor for atherosclerosis?. J. Neuroradiol. 48, 99\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurad.2019.10.002 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"10162_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmir.2022.11.017","volume":"54","author":"MC Kemp","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kemp, M. C. et al. Disability in multiple sclerosis is associated with vascular factors: An ultrasound study. J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Sci. 54, 247\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmir.2022.11.017 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Sci."},{"key":"10162_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103488","volume":"58","author":"M Etemadifar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Etemadifar, M. et al. Atherosclerosis and multiple sclerosis: An overview on the prevalence of risk factors. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 58, 103488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103488 (2022).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10162_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(17)30470-2","volume":"17","author":"AJ Thompson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson, A. J. et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 17, 162\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422(17)30470-2 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10162_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444","volume":"33","author":"JF Kurtzke","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kurtzke, J. F. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 33, 1444\u20131444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444 (1983).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10162_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1590\/s1807-59322008000400017","volume":"63","author":"IB Casella","year":"2008","unstructured":"Casella, I. B. et al. A practical protocol to measure common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 63, 515\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1807-59322008000400017 (2008).","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"10162_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000004485","volume":"89","author":"T Plavina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Plavina, T. et al. Reversibility of the effects of natalizumab on peripheral immune cell dynamics in MS patients. Neurology 89, 1584\u20131593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.0000000000004485 (2017).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10162_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1212\/cpj.0000000000000238","volume":"6","author":"RJ Fox","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fox, R. J. et al. Characterizing absolute lymphocyte count profiles in dimethyl fumarate-treated patients with MS: Patient management considerations. Neurol. Clin. Pract. 6, 220\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/cpj.0000000000000238 (2016).","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10162_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-024-00645-4","volume":"12","author":"Y Abi Zeid Daou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abi Zeid Daou, Y. et al. Investigation of fingolimod-induced lymphocyte sequestration on inflammatory response and neurological damages after cardiac arrest. Intensive Care Med. Exp. 12, 57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40635-024-00645-4 (2024).","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med. Exp."},{"key":"10162_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.111.257535","volume":"110","author":"O Soehnlein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Soehnlein, O. Multiple roles for neutrophils in atherosclerosis. Circ. Res. 110, 875\u2013888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circresaha.111.257535 (2012).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10162_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12222621","volume":"12","author":"B Riaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Riaz, B. & Sohn, S. Neutrophils in inflammatory diseases: Unraveling the impact of their derived molecules and heterogeneity. Cells 12, 2621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12222621 (2023).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10162_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6893","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S276986","volume":"14","author":"P Anyfanti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anyfanti, P. et al. Monitoring and managing cardiovascular risk in immune mediated inflammatory diseases. J. Inflamm. Res. 14, 6893\u20136906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S276986 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10162_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01085","volume":"10","author":"G Emmi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Emmi, G. et al. Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome as a model of thrombo-inflammation: The role of neutrophils. Front. Immunol. 10, 1085\u20131085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01085 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10162_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770436","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.770436","volume":"12","author":"B Tokarz-Deptu\u0142a","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tokarz-Deptu\u0142a, B. et al. What function do platelets play in inflammation and bacterial and viral infections?. Front. Immunol. 12, 770436\u2013770436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.770436 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10162_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00132","volume":"6","author":"H Lebas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lebas, H., Yahiaoui, K., Martos, R. & Boulaftali, Y. Platelets are at the nexus of vascular diseases. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 6, 132\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00132 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"10162_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.94.6.1239","volume":"94","author":"I Ott","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ott, I., Neumann, F. J., Gawaz, M., Schmitt, M. & Schomig, A. Increased neutrophil-platelet adhesion in patients with unstable Angina. Circulation 94, 1239\u20131246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.94.6.1239 (1996).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10162_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061995","volume":"9","author":"MG Scioli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scioli, M. G. et al. Oxidative stress and new pathogenetic mechanisms in endothelial dysfunction: Potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J. Clin. Med. 9, 1995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9061995 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10162_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104580","volume":"151","author":"A Kanashiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kanashiro, A. et al. The role of neutrophils in neuro-immune modulation. Pharmacol. Res. 151, 104580\u2013104580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104580 (2020).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10162_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8020110","volume":"8","author":"J Saluk-Bijak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saluk-Bijak, J., Dziedzic, A. & Bijak, M. Pro-thrombotic activity of blood platelets in multiple sclerosis. Cells 8, 110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells8020110 (2019).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10162_CR50","first-page":"457","volume":"41","author":"TA Butterfield","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butterfield, T. A., Best, T. M. & Merrick, M. A. The dual roles of neutrophils and macrophages in inflammation: A critical balance between tissue damage and repair. J. Athl. Train. 41, 457\u2013465 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Athl. Train."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10162-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10162-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10162-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T09:13:35Z","timestamp":1752138815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10162-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-10162-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Iran University of Medical Sciences (IR.IUMS.REC.1402.221). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}],"article-number":"24412"}}