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Helminthes adapt immune responses of their hosts to reduce immune-mediated IBDs. The identification of the mechanism responsible for this beneficial effect on IBDs will provide another feasible approach to treating these diseases. The study was designed to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic role of <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis)<\/jats:italic> crude larval antigen extract in mice challenged with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to induce colitis. Colitis was induced by intra-colonic instillation of TNBS (5\u00a0mg\/ml in 50% ethanol), preceded or followed by intra-peritoneal (i.p.) administration of a single dose of <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> crude larval antigen extract (100\u00a0\u00b5g\/mouse). Colonic damage was assessed macroscopically and microscopically, and the expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Colonic interleukin-10 (IL-10) and serum nitric oxide (NO) levels were also measured. Administration of <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> crude larval antigen extract before induction of colitis reduced colitis severity as demonstrated by reduced colon weight-to-length ratio, improved macroscopic and microscopic scores, increased colonic IL-10 expression, and diminished colonic MPO protein expression. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between serum NO and colonic IL-10 levels. In addition, the preventive potential of <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> crude larval antigen extract against TNBS-induced colitis was more prominent than its therapeutic effect. These findings support the hypothesis that <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> has both prophylactic and therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel diseases, which may be via an increase in IL-10 with predominance of its prophylactic role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13229-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T08:04:39Z","timestamp":1755590679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Protective and therapeutic potentials of Trichinella spiralis larval antigen in murine induced colitis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Enas A. M.","family":"Huseein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samia S.","family":"Alkhalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanan S. 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The Affiliation 2 was erroneously cited as \u201cFaculty of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah, Shaqra, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia\u201d. The correct Affiliation 2 is \u201cDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia\u201d. The error has been corrected.","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University (IRB code:17300218).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"30319"}}