{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:41:47Z","timestamp":1790451707826,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13504-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T19:48:25Z","timestamp":1753991305000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Drug induced liver injury in HIV patients on dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy regimens in Wolaita Sodo comprehensive specialized hospital"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Firew","family":"Abraham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemayehu","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamrat","family":"Balcha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bereket Molla","family":"Tigabu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR1","first-page":"229","volume":"170","author":"V Montessori","year":"2004","unstructured":"Montessori, V. et al. Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. CMAJ 170(2), 229\u2013238 (2004).","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f0e2fd","volume":"22","author":"V Soriano","year":"2008","unstructured":"Soriano, V. et al. Antiretroviral drugs and liver injury. AIDS 22(1), 1\u201313 (2008).","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01230-1","volume":"20","author":"T Androutsakos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Androutsakos, T. et al. Causative factors of liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients A single center study. BMC Gastroenterol. 20(1), 91 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"key":"13504_CR4","unstructured":"<UNAIDS_GlobalplanCountryfactsheet_ethiopia_en.pdf>."},{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-014-0029-7","volume":"3","author":"DE Dow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dow, D. E. & Bartlett, J. A. Dolutegravir, the second-generation of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) for the treatment of HIV. Infect. Dis. Ther. 3(2), 83\u2013102 (2014).","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Ther."},{"key":"13504_CR6","unstructured":"Guidelines for diagnosis and management of drug-induced liver injury caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs (2024 version). Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi, 2024. 47(11), 1069\u20131090."},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2089-7","volume":"16","author":"H Bailey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bailey, H. et al. HCV co-infection and markers of liver injury and fibrosis among HIV-positive childbearing women in Ukraine: Results from a cohort study. BMC Infect. Dis. 16(1), 755 (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.02.004","volume":"19","author":"JC Abarca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abarca, J. C., Huerta, L. & Fierro, N. A. Antiretroviral therapies for human immunodeficiency virus and liver disease: Challenges and opportunities. Ann. Hepatol. 19(2), 121\u2013122 (2020).","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofx012","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx012","volume":"4","author":"C Gowda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gowda, C. et al. Risk of acute liver injury with antiretroviral therapy by viral hepatitis status. Open Forum Infect. Dis. 4(2), ofx012 (2017).","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02305-x","volume":"22","author":"LE Abongwa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abongwa, L. E. et al. Risk factors of severe hepatotoxicity among HIV-1 infected individuals initiated on highly active antiretroviral therapy in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. BMC Gastroenterol. 22(1), 286 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR11","first-page":"275","volume":"39","author":"J Yuan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yuan, J. et al. Prevalence of liver injury among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy in China. J. Tradit. Chin. Med. 39(2), 275\u2013280 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"13504_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-016-0101-3","volume":"13","author":"N de Castro","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Castro, N. et al. Incidence and risk factors for liver enzymes elevations in highly treatment-experienced patients switching from enfuvirtide to raltegravir: A sub-study of the ANRS-138 EASIER trial. AIDS Res. Ther. 13, 17 (2016).","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"13504_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70174","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70174","volume":"39","author":"D Ezhilarasan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ezhilarasan, D. et al. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of HAART-induced hepatotoxicity. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 39(2), e70174 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"13504_CR14","unstructured":"<Bookshelf_NBK548350.pdf>."},{"issue":"5","key":"13504_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_169_18","volume":"86","author":"VK Mahajan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahajan, V. K. et al. Assessment of liver and renal functions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A mixed cohort study. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol. 86(5), 499\u2013507 (2020).","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"13504_CR16","first-page":"503","volume":"14","author":"W Hailu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hailu, W., Tesfaye, T. & Tadesse, A. Hyperglycemia after dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy. Int. Med. Case Rep. J. 14, 503\u2013507 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. Med. Case Rep. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"13504_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s11901-017-0363-9","volume":"16","author":"KE Clare","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clare, K. E., Miller, M. H. & Dillon, J. F. Genetic factors influencing drug-induced liver injury: Do they have a role in prevention and diagnosis?. Curr. Hepatol. Rep. 16(3), 258\u2013264 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Hepatol. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.02.031","volume":"20","author":"D Cattaneo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cattaneo, D., Giacomelli, A. & Gervasoni, C. Liver injury after dietary supplements in patients living with HIV: A call to action. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 20(1), 243\u2013244 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09638-w","volume":"24","author":"FN Cho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cho, F. N. et al. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity and association with slow acetylation variants NAT2*5 and NAT2*6 in Cameroonian patients with tuberculosis and HIV co-infection. BMC Infect. Dis. 24(1), 759 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"13504_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.170499","volume":"7","author":"CT Costiniuk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Costiniuk, C. T. et al. Tuberculous drug-induced liver injury and treatment re-challenge in human immunodeficiency virus co-infection. J. Glob. Infect. Dis. 7(4), 151\u2013156 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Glob. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"13504_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9120851","volume":"9","author":"M Ganesan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ganesan, M. et al. Alcohol metabolism potentiates HIV-induced hepatotoxicity: Contribution to end-stage liver disease. Biomolecules 9(12), 851 (2019).","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"13504_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i4.398","volume":"25","author":"M Ganesan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ganesan, M. et al. Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatotropic viruses co-morbidities as the inducers of liver injury progression. World J. Gastroenterol. 25(4), 398\u2013410 (2019).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"13504_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4872-1","volume":"13","author":"A Zeleke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeleke, A., Misiker, B. & Yesuf, T. A. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity among TB\/HIV co-infected patients in a referral hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Res. Notes 13(1), 2 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"4","key":"13504_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000004085","volume":"39","author":"M Weisser","year":"2025","unstructured":"Weisser, M. et al. Body weight changes in people with HIV starting dolutegravir versus efavirenz-based regimens in a large cohort in rural Tanzania. AIDS 39(4), 362\u2013372 (2025).","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"13504_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4292\/wjgpt.v12.i3.40","volume":"12","author":"MW Becker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Becker, M. W. et al. Overview of drug induced liver injury in Brazil: What is the role of public health policy on the evidence?. World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther. 12(3), 40\u201355 (2021).","journal-title":"World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-13504-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-13504-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-13504-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T10:12:11Z","timestamp":1757326331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-13504-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["13504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-13504-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The data was collected for this research after approval from the Ethics Committee of Wolaita Sodo University of Science. The need for informed consent was waived by Wolaita Sodo University Institutional Review Board CHSM\/ERC\/06\/16.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"28013"}}