{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:45:23Z","timestamp":1792446323690,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-14100-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T03:28:20Z","timestamp":1754710100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk factors for prolonged hospitalization in acute decompensated heart failure from the HEROES study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Lucki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Mitkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Lucka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Grygier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Straburzy\u0144ska-Migaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Morawiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kap\u0142on-Cie\u015blicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Galas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Byczkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Hamala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Gorczyca-G\u0142owacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Furman-Niedziejko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Klimczak-Tomaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Stefa\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Guzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Zachura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Staciwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Pierzcha\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Nadel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Lesiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"36","key":"14100_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","volume":"42","author":"TA McDonagh","year":"2021","unstructured":"McDonagh, T. A. et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur. Heart J. 42(36), 3599\u20133726 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"5","key":"14100_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.05.052","volume":"74","author":"J Tromp","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tromp, J. et al. Age-related characteristics and outcomes of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 74(5), 601\u2013612 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"14100_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2019.3593","volume":"4","author":"N Conrad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Conrad, N. et al. Temporal trends and patterns in mortality after incident heart failure: A longitudinal analysis of 86 000 individuals. JAMA Cardiol. 4(11), 1102\u20131111 (2019).","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"issue":"21","key":"14100_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911303","volume":"381","author":"JJV McMurray","year":"2019","unstructured":"McMurray, J. J. V. et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. N. Engl. J. Med. 381(21), 1995\u20132008 (2019).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"14100_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12418","volume":"6","author":"T Shiga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shiga, T. et al. Clinical characteristics of hospitalized heart failure patients with preserved, mid-range, and reduced ejection fractions in Japan. ESC Heart Fail. 6(3), 475\u2013486 (2019).","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"1","key":"14100_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-96852-4","volume":"15","author":"GY Tarekegn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tarekegn, G. Y. et al. Eterminant factors of prolonged hospitalization in acute heart failure patients at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia. Sci. Rep. 15(1), 11670 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"14100_CR7","first-page":"e771","volume":"13","author":"SV Rao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rao, S. V. et al. 2025 ACC\/AHA\/ACEP\/NAEMSP\/SCAI guideline for the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation 13, e771\u2013e862 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"14100_CR8","first-page":"88","volume":"1","author":"J-B Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu, J.-B. et al. A predictive model of early readmission for patients with heart failure. J. Vasc. Dis. 1, 88\u201396 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Dis."},{"key":"14100_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.976844","volume":"9","author":"X Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, X. et al. Development and validation of a clinical predictive model for 1-year prognosis in coronary heart disease patients combine with acute heart failure. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 9, 976844 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"14100_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050930","volume":"59","author":"E Ignatavi\u010di\u016bt\u0117","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ignatavi\u010di\u016bt\u0117, E., \u017daliaduonyt\u0117, D. & Zabiela, V. Prognostic factors for prolonged in-hospital stay in patients with heart failure. Medicina 59(5), 930 (2023).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"1","key":"14100_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2023.10.292","volume":"30","author":"CJ Chiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chiong, C. J. et al. Heart failure hospitalizations: The impact of heart failure etiologies on in-patient costs length of stay, and mortality. J. Card. Fail. 30(1), 239\u2013240 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail."},{"issue":"3","key":"14100_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1756173","volume":"31","author":"AH Patel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patel, A. H., Natarajan, B. & Pai, R. G. Current management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int. J. Angiol. 31(3), 166\u2013178 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Angiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"14100_CR13","first-page":"831","volume":"120","author":"D Harmon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harmon, D. et al. Readmission risk factors and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Osteopath. Assoc. 120(12), 831\u2013838 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Osteopath. Assoc."},{"issue":"11","key":"14100_CR14","volume":"16","author":"QA Hidayaturrohman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hidayaturrohman, Q. A. & Hanada, E. Predictive analytics in heart failure risk, readmission, and mortality prediction: A review. Cureus 16(11), e73876 (2024).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"14100_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000017","volume":"1","author":"K Stone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stone, K., Zwiggelaar, R., Jones, P. & Mac, P. N. A systematic review of the prediction of hospital length of stay: Towards a unified framework. PLOS Digit. Health. 1(4), e0000017 (2022).","journal-title":"PLOS Digit. Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"14100_CR16","first-page":"321","volume":"83","author":"J Dro\u017cd\u017c","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dro\u017cd\u017c, J. et al. Rationale, objectives, and design of the HEart failuRe ObsErvational Study of the Polish Cardiac Society (HEROES). Kardiol. Pol. 83(3), 321\u2013324 (2025).","journal-title":"Kardiol. Pol."},{"issue":"8","key":"14100_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.03.012","volume":"5","author":"M Sud","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sud, M. et al. Associations between short or long length of stay and 30-day readmission and mortality in hospitalized patients with heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 5(8), 578\u2013588 (2017).","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"18","key":"14100_CR18","first-page":"e895","volume":"145","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heidenreich, P. A. et al. 2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation 145(18), e895\u2013e1032 (2022).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"14100_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56090434","volume":"56","author":"P Sricharoen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sricharoen, P. et al. Clinical predictors influencing the length of stay in emergency department patients presenting with acute heart failure. Medicina 56(9), 434 (2020).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"4","key":"14100_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.09.038","volume":"61","author":"M Gheorghiade","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gheorghiade, M., Vaduganathan, M., Fonarow, G. C. & Bonow, R. O. Rehospitalization for heart failure: Problems and perspectives. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 61(4), 391\u2013403 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"14100_CR21","first-page":"561","volume":"10","author":"I Gyalai-Korpos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gyalai-Korpos, I., Ancusa, O., Dragomir, T., Tomescu, M. C. & Marincu, I. Factors associated with prolonged hospitalization, readmission, and death in elderly heart failure patients in western Romania. Clin. Interv. Aging. 10, 561\u2013568 (2015).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging."},{"issue":"7","key":"14100_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270809","volume":"17","author":"M Tigabe Tekle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tigabe Tekle, M., Bekalu, A. F. & Tefera, Y. G. Length of hospital stay and associated factors among heart failure patients admitted to the university hospital in northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 17(7), e0270809 (2022).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"14100_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.823076","volume":"9","author":"Y Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng, Y. et al. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in risk stratification of heart failure patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 9, 823076 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"14100_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005697","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1005697","volume":"13","author":"X Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu, X. et al. Long-term prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers for patients with acute heart failure: Construction of an inflammatory prognostic scoring system. Front. Immunol. 13, 1005697 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"14100_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/10998004241262530","volume":"27","author":"S Pokhrel Bhattarai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pokhrel Bhattarai, S., Dzikowicz, D. J. & Carey, M. G. Association between serum albumin and the length of hospital stay among patients with acute heart failure. Biol. Res. Nurs. 27(1), 37\u201346 (2025).","journal-title":"Biol. Res. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"14100_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15050589","volume":"15","author":"L Cristescu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cristescu, L., Iancu, D. G., Marusteri, M. S., Tilea, I. & Varga, A. Proposed novel heart failure biomarkers and their association with length of hospital stay and mortality: A retrospective observational pilot study. Diagnostics 15(5), 589 (2025).","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"11","key":"14100_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.124.011529","volume":"17","author":"E Feldman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feldman, E. & Kini, V. Quality measures for patients hospitalized with heart failure: Less is more?. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes 17(11), e011529 (2024).","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"issue":"17","key":"14100_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.02.048","volume":"81","author":"DD Nguyen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nguyen, D. D. et al. Health status and clinical outcomes in older adults with chronic coronary disease: the ISCHEMIA trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 81(17), 1697\u20131709 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"14100_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-19-0004","volume":"1","author":"N Kakutani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kakutani, N. et al. Progressive mobilization program for patients with acute heart failure reduces hospital stay and improves clinical outcome. Circ. Rep. 1(3), 123\u2013130 (2019).","journal-title":"Circ. Rep."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14100-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14100-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14100-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T20:09:24Z","timestamp":1757362164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14100-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-14100-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All illustrations and figures were prepared by the authors using standard office software. Tables and Fig.\u00a0 (chart) were created using Microsoft Excel, while Fig.\u00a0 was created using Microsoft Word. Microsoft Word was also used for formatting and preparing the entire manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Software tools and image creation"}},{"value":"Data were collected using an electronic case report form (eCRF), in compliance with data protection regulations, including the GDPR. The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Lodz (approval no. RNN\/316\/20\/KE, with subsequent amendment KE\/762\/23), and the study was funded by the Polish Cardiac Society (contract no. CRU0120-KCKB-2023).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Institutional review board statement"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent statement"}}],"article-number":"29133"}}