{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T20:38:56Z","timestamp":1793479136614,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-14348-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T10:49:59Z","timestamp":1754390999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multicentre retrospective observational study for development and validation of MAC prognostic score model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Takeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0696-5386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Takazono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shotaro","family":"Ide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Hosogaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusei","family":"Tsukamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Irifune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Suyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomo","family":"Mihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eisuke","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyomitsu","family":"Sawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhito","family":"Higashiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohji","family":"Hashiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minako","family":"Hanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Ii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoyasu","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosaku","family":"Komiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiga","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Yatera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Izumikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akitsugu","family":"Furumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Yanagihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mukae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"14348_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-2016OC","volume":"185","author":"J Adjemian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adjemian, J., Olivier, K. N., Seitz, A. E., Holland, S. M. & Prevots, D. R. Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in U.S. Medicare beneficiaries. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 185, 881\u2013886 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"14348_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2206.151086","volume":"22","author":"H Namkoong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Namkoong, H. et al. Epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, Japan. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 22, 1116\u20131117 (2016).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.10.013","volume":"125","author":"VN Dahl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dahl, V. N. et al. Global trends of pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria: a systematic review. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 125, 120\u2013131 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e321","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa810","volume":"73","author":"K Harada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harada, K. et al. Trends in the nontuberculous mycobacterial disease mortality rate in japan: a nationwide observational study, 1997\u20132016. Clin. Infect. Dis. 73, e321\u2013e26 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201607-573OC","volume":"14","author":"K Morimoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morimoto, K. et al. A laboratory-based analysis of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in Japan from 2012 to 2013. Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 14, 49\u201356 (2017). (2017).","journal-title":"Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc."},{"key":"14348_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa241","volume":"71","author":"CL Daley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Daley, C. L. et al. Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an official ATS\/ERS\/ESCMID\/IDSA clinical practice guideline. Clin. Infect. Dis. 71, e1\u2013e36 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601855","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01855-2016","volume":"49","author":"J Van Ingen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van Ingen, J. et al. Poor adherence to management guidelines in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases. Eur. Respir J. 49, 1601855 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir J."},{"key":"14348_CR8","first-page":"977","volume":"11","author":"LO Larsson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Larsson, L. O. et al. Pulmonary disease by non-tuberculous mycobacteria - clinical management, unmet needs and future perspectives. Expert Rev. Respir Med. 11, 977\u2013989 (2017).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir Med."},{"key":"14348_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3113-x","volume":"18","author":"R Diel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Diel, R., Lipman, M. & Hoefsloot, W. High mortality in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease: a systematic review. BMC Infect. Dis. 18, 206 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202004-1418OC","volume":"203","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, H. J. et al. BACES score for predicting mortality in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 203, 230\u2013236 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"14348_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2544-0","volume":"17","author":"S Kumagai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumagai, S. et al. Development and validation of a prognostic scoring model for Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease: an observational cohort study. BMC Infect. Dis. 17, 436 (2017).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70083","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70083","volume":"68","author":"Y Tanaka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tanaka, Y. et al. Risk factors and Long-Term prognosis for coinfection of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: A multicentre observational study in Japan. Mycoses 68, e70083 (2025).","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"14348_CR13","first-page":"37","volume":"86","author":"Nontuberculous Mycobacteriosis Control Committee of the Japanese Society for T","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nontuberculous Mycobacteriosis Control Committee of the Japanese Society for T. Scientific assembly for I, tuberculosis of the Japanese respiratory S, international exchanging committee of the Japanese society for T. Guidelines for the diagnosis of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases\u20132008. Kekkaku 86, 37\u201339 (2011).","journal-title":"Kekkaku"},{"key":"14348_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200604-571ST","volume":"175","author":"DE Griffith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Griffith, D. E. et al. An official ATS\/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 175, 367\u2013416 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"14348_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201107-1203OC","volume":"185","author":"M Hayashi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hayashi, M. et al. Prognostic factors of 634 HIV-negative patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 185, 575\u2013583 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"14348_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008058","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008058","volume":"5","author":"M Gochi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gochi, M. et al. Retrospective study of the predictors of mortality and radiographic deterioration in 782 patients with nodular\/bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. BMJ Open. 5, e008058 (2015).","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"14348_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.06.014","volume":"164","author":"MR Loebinger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loebinger, M. R. et al. Risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: A systematic literature review and Meta-Analysis. Chest 164, 1115\u20131124 (2023).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"14348_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-219116","volume":"78","author":"Y Aono","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aono, Y. et al. Prognostic significance of radiological pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease: a multicentre retrospective cohort study. Thorax 78, 825\u2013834 (2023).","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"14348_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107233","volume":"148","author":"H Tanaka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tanaka, H. et al. Distinctive clinical features of radiological pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 148, 107233 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"14348_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201902-181CME","volume":"16","author":"F Chua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chua, F. et al. Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis. A review of clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics. Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 16, 1351\u20131359 (2019).","journal-title":"Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc."},{"key":"14348_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040346","volume":"6","author":"P Phoompoung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Phoompoung, P. & Chayakulkeeree, M. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis following nontuberculous mycobacterial infections: an emerging disease. J. Fungi (Basel). 6, 346 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"14348_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myv093","volume":"54","author":"K Takeda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Takeda, K. et al. The risk factors for developing of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in nontuberculous mycobacteria patients and clinical characteristics and outcomes in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis patients coinfected with nontuberculous mycobacteria. Med. Mycol. 54, 120\u2013127 (2016). (2016).","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"14348_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.04.002","volume":"24","author":"K Furuuchi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Furuuchi, K., Ito, A., Hashimoto, T., Kumagai, S. & Ishida, T. Risk stratification for the development of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. J. Infect. Chemother. 24, 654\u2013659 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"14348_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70022","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.70022","volume":"68","author":"T Takazono","year":"2025","unstructured":"Takazono, T. et al. Risk factors and prognostic effects of aspergillosis as a complication of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: a nested case-control study. Mycoses 68, e70022 (2025).","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"14348_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-02063-2","volume":"22","author":"JY Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, J. Y., Kim, N. Y., Jung, H. W., Yim, J. J. & Kwak, N. Old age is associated with worse treatment outcome and frequent adverse drug reaction in Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. BMC Pulm Med. 22, 269 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med."},{"key":"14348_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moon, S. M. et al. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and resistance mutations associated with macrolide-resistant mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. ; 60, 6758\u20136765 (2016). (2016).","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01240-16"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14348-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14348-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14348-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T18:47:15Z","timestamp":1757357235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-14348-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-14348-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the appropriate Institutional Review Board of Nagasaki University Hospital (approval number: 22121903). Verbal informed consent was obtained whenever possible. As this was a retrospective observational study, an opt-out option was provided to the patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}}],"article-number":"28539"}}