{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:30:39Z","timestamp":1790616639868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"General Project of Science and Technology Development Fund of Nanjing Medical University","award":["NMUB20240116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMUB20240116"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-15059-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T08:27:00Z","timestamp":1754900820000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between hearing loss and insulin resistance as measured by metabolic score for insulin resistance in NHANES 1999 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lingxin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoran","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"15059_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2024.101556","volume":"91","author":"WD Baumgartner","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baumgartner, W. D. et al. Experts\u2019 discussion: implications of the world health organization\u2019s world report on hearing for the cochlear implant field. Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol. 91, 101556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjorl.2024.101556 (2025).","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"15059_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/moo.0000000000000825","volume":"30","author":"EE Babajanian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babajanian, E. E. & Gurgel, R. K. Cognitive and behavioral effects of hearing loss. Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 30, 339\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/moo.0000000000000825 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"15059_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59101718","volume":"59","author":"G Cavallaro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cavallaro, G. et al. Endothelial dysfunction and metabolic disorders in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Medicina 59, 1718 (2023).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"15059_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3716","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183716","volume":"14","author":"FO Martins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martins, F. O. & Conde, S. V. Impact of diet composition on insulin resistance. Nutrients 14, 3716 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"15059_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288326","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1288326","volume":"15","author":"R Lei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lei, R., Chen, S. & Li, W. Advances in the study of the correlation between insulin resistance and infertility. Front. Endocrinol. 15, 1288326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1288326 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020786","volume":"23","author":"G Fahed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fahed, G. et al. Metabolic syndrome: updates on pathophysiology and management in 2021. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 786 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"15059_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13096","volume":"33","author":"M Seo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seo, M., Lee, Y. S. & Moon, S. S. Association of hearing impairment with insulin resistance, \u03b2-cell dysfunction and impaired fasting glucose before onset of diabetes. Diabet. Medicine: J. Br. Diabet. Association. 33, 1275\u20131282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.13096 (2016).","journal-title":"Diabet. Medicine: J. Br. Diabet. Association"},{"key":"15059_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-17-0883","volume":"178","author":"OY Bello-Chavolla","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bello-Chavolla, O. Y. et al. METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 178, 533\u2013544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-17-0883 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339731","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1339731","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. L-shaped association of triglyceride glucose index and sensorineural hearing loss: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis. Front. Endocrinol. 15, 1339731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1339731 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499479","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1499479","volume":"15","author":"A Shirinezhad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shirinezhad, A. et al. A systematic review of the association between insulin resistance surrogate indices and bone mineral density. Front. Endocrinol. 15, 1499479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1499479 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216718","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1216718","volume":"14","author":"L Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, L., Qin, M., Ji, J. & Wang, W. Correlation between hearing impairment and the triglyceride glucose index: based on a National cross-sectional study. Front. Endocrinol. 14, 1216718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1216718 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60101596","volume":"60","author":"DO Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim, D. O. et al. Correlation between hearing impairment and the triglyceride glucose index in Middle-Aged female based on a Korean National health and nutrition examination survey. Medicina 60, 1596 (2024).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"15059_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506368","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1506368","volume":"13","author":"C Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, C. et al. Relationship between TyG-related index and hearing loss in people over 45 s in China. Front. Public. Health. 13, 1506368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1506368 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"15059_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10102022","volume":"10","author":"CH Park","year":"2022","unstructured":"Park, C. H. et al. Impact of low skeletal muscle mass and obesity on hearing loss in asymptomatic individuals: A Population-Based study. Healthcare 10, 2022 (2022).","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"15059_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101717","volume":"11","author":"PH Croll","year":"2019","unstructured":"Croll, P. H. et al. The association between obesity, diet quality and hearing loss in older adults. Aging 11, 48\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.101717 (2019).","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"15059_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.13184","volume":"12","author":"SH Kang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kang, S. H. et al. Visceral fat area determined using bioimpedance analysis is associated with hearing loss. Int. J. Med. Sci. 12, 946\u2013951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijms.13184 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"15059_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2017.00017","volume":"10","author":"Y Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee, Y. & Park, M. Relationships among factors relevant to abdominal fat and Age-Related hearing loss. Clin. Exp. Otorhinolaryngol. 10, 309\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21053\/ceo.2017.00017 (2017).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"15059_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12184","volume":"80","author":"TS Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim, T. S. et al. Visceral adipose tissue is significantly associated with hearing thresholds in adult women. Clin. Endocrinol. 80, 368\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.12184 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"15059_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sadeghi, A. et al. Crosstalk between autophagy and insulin resistance: evidence from different tissues. Eur. J. Med. Res. 28 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-023-01424-9 (2023).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01424-9"},{"key":"15059_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Samocha-Bonet, D., Wu, B. & Ryugo, D. K. Diabetes mellitus and hearing loss: A review. Ageing Res. Rev. 71 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101423 (2021).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101423"},{"key":"15059_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu, J. et al. Impact of cholesterol homeostasis within cochlear cells on auditory development and hearing loss. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 17, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2023.1308028 (2024).","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1308028"},{"key":"15059_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2019.06.006","volume":"46","author":"J Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao, J. et al. OSBPL2-disrupted pigs recapitulate dual features of human hearing loss and hypercholesterolaemia. J. Genet. genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 46, 379\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgg.2019.06.006 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Genet. genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"15059_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.05.011","volume":"120","author":"L Rodrigo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodrigo, L., Campos-Asensio, C., Rodr\u00edguez, M., Crespo, I. & Olmedillas, H. Role of nutrition in the development and prevention of age-related hearing loss: A scoping review. J. Formos. Med. Association = Taiwan. Yi Zhi. 120, 107\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.05.011 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Formos. Med. Association = Taiwan. Yi Zhi"},{"key":"15059_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-012-9229-1","volume":"14","author":"R Muniyappa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Muniyappa, R. & Sowers, J. R. Role of insulin resistance in endothelial dysfunction. Reviews Endocr. Metabolic Disorders. 14, 5\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11154-012-9229-1 (2013).","journal-title":"Reviews Endocr. Metabolic Disorders"},{"key":"15059_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181f2f035","volume":"31","author":"Y Agrawal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Agrawal, Y., Carey, J. P., Della Santina, C. C., Schubert, M. C. & Minor, L. B. Diabetes, vestibular dysfunction, and falls: analyses from the National health and nutrition examination survey. Otology & neurotology: official publication of the American otological society. Am. Neurotology Soc. [and] Eur. Acad. Otology Neurotology. 31, 1445\u20131450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181f2f035 (2010).","journal-title":"Am. Neurotology Soc. [and] Eur. Acad. Otology Neurotology"},{"key":"15059_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8090343","volume":"8","author":"YY Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, Y. Y. et al. Type 1 diabetes induces hearing loss: functional and histological findings in an Akita mouse model. Biomedicines 8, 343 (2020).","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"15059_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59020269","volume":"59","author":"FM Gioacchini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gioacchini, F. M. et al. Diabetes mellitus and hearing loss: A complex relationship. Medicina 59, 269 (2023).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"15059_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84341-z","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Yang, H. & Huang, C. Association of serum lycopene with low-frequency hearing loss in adults in their 70s based on NHANES database. Sci. Rep. 15, 600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-84341-z (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"15059_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2023.2224398","volume":"143","author":"H Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al. The association of sex steroid hormone concentrations with hearing loss: a cross-sectional study. Acta Otolaryngol. 143, 582\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00016489.2023.2224398 (2023).","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"15059_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2471\/blt.21.285643","volume":"99","author":"S Chadha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chadha, S., Kamenov, K. & Cieza, A. The world report on hearing, 2021. Bull. World Health Organ. 99, 242\u2013242a. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2471\/blt.21.285643 (2021).","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-15059-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-15059-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-15059-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T22:47:44Z","timestamp":1757371664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-15059-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["15059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-15059-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"29328"}}