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Various food sources, particularly those rich in <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species, are well-recognized for their probiotic properties. Edible mushrooms are rich with their nutrient-dense composition, including carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, minerals, vitamins, and lipids, which stand out as a promising bio-source for several biological uses. In this study, four probiotic strains were isolated and identified from food samples: <jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L. pentosus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic>. Then the prebiotic and antioxidant properties of crude and polysaccharide extracts were assessed from two edible mushrooms, <jats:italic>Agaricus bisporus<\/jats:italic> (brown) and <jats:italic>Pleurotus ostreatus<\/jats:italic> (oyster). Using the phenol-sulfuric acid method, the ethanol extract of <jats:italic>P. ostreatus<\/jats:italic> exhibited the highest yields of total carbohydrates and reducing sugars (6.14 and 3.15\u00a0mg\/mL, respectively). Among the mushroom extracts, the polysaccharide from <jats:italic>A. bisporus<\/jats:italic> demonstrated the strongest radical scavenging activity (93.73%), with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) of 0.19\u00a0mg\/mL, measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The prebiotic properties of the mushroom extracts were evaluated by their ability to promote probiotic growth and inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The polysaccharide extracts from <jats:italic>A. bisporus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. ostreatus<\/jats:italic> significantly stimulated the growth of <jats:italic>L. paracasei<\/jats:italic> (1.99 and 2.04\u00a0nm, respectively). Additionally, the cell-free supernatant from <jats:italic>L. acidophilus<\/jats:italic> cultured with the <jats:italic>A. bisporus<\/jats:italic> polysaccharide extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, producing a 36.33\u00a0mm inhibition zone against the pathogen <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>. These findings demonstrate that polysaccharides from <jats:italic>A. bisporus and P. ostreatus<\/jats:italic> are promising candidates for functional food development. These extracts offer a multifaceted approach to promoting gut health and reducing oxidative stress through selectively stimulating beneficial Lactobacillus species while inhibiting the growth of pathogens and exerting significant antioxidant effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-16152-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T09:09:57Z","timestamp":1756026597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prebiotic properties and antioxidant effect of crude extracts and polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yousra A.","family":"El-Maradny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr S.","family":"Abouakkada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleya Abdel Gawad","family":"Abbass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani Farouk","family":"Abaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmail M.","family":"El-Fakharany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"16152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113290","volume":"153","author":"D Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, D. et al. 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The purchased mushrooms were identified by Prof. Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem from the Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, and deposited at the Fungarium of Suez Canal University () under accession numbers ID: SCUF000000811 and SCUF000000812 for Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus, respectively. Since the mushrooms were obtained through standard commercial channels, no specific ethical approval, licenses, or permissions were required. The authors confirm that all methods were conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the university, with no need for further confirmation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"31113"}}