{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:33:04Z","timestamp":1790281984684,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82303182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82303182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20232BAB216085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20232BAB216085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-18820-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T11:25:30Z","timestamp":1758885930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identification of biomarkers associated with mitophagy in bladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xianbin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanqiu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jielong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoyi","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"18820_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lobo, N. et al. Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention of Bladder Cancer. European urology oncology 5, 628\u2013639 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euo.2022.10.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2022.10.003"},{"key":"18820_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lopez-Beltran, A., Cookson, M. S., Guercio, B. J. & Cheng, L. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 384, e076743 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-076743","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-076743"},{"key":"18820_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Comp\u00e9rat, E. et al. Current best practice for bladder cancer: A narrative review of diagnostics and treatments. Lancet (London, England) 400, 1712\u20131721 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)01188-6","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)01188-6"},{"key":"18820_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu, Y. et al. Cellular mitophagy: Mechanism, roles in diseases and small molecule pharmacological regulation. Theranostics 13, 736\u2013766 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.79876","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.79876"},{"key":"18820_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Behera, B. P. et al. Molecular regulation of mitophagy signaling in tumor microenvironment and its targeting for cancer therapy. Cytokine & growth factor reviews (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2025.01.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2025.01.004"},{"key":"18820_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, D. et al. DARS2 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Enhancing PINK1-Mediated Mitophagy. International journal of biological sciences 21, 1530\u20131544 (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijbs.107632","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.107632"},{"key":"18820_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cui, A. et al. Quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals corosolic acid inhibiting bladder cancer via suppressing cell cycle and inducing mitophagy in vitro and in vivo. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 480, 116749 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2023.116749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2023.116749"},{"key":"18820_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng, X. et al. Histone lactylation regulates PRKN-Mediated mitophagy to promote M2 Macrophage polarization in bladder cancer. International immunopharmacology 148, 114119 (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114119"},{"key":"18820_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dobruch, J. & Oszczud\u0142owski, M. Bladder Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Directions. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 57 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina57080749","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57080749"},{"key":"18820_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, H., Luo, W., Chen, H., Cai, Z. & Xu, G. Mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial autophagy: Molecular structure, orchestrating mechanism and related disorders. Mitochondrion 75, 101847 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mito.2024.101847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2024.101847"},{"key":"18820_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, Z. Y. & Huang, R. H. Integrating single-cell RNA-sequencing and bulk RNA-sequencing data to explore the role of mitophagy-related genes in prostate cancer. Heliyon 10, e30766 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30766"},{"key":"18820_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ye, G., Sun, X., Li, J., Pu, M. & Zhang, J. Parkin modulates the hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment by regulating PD-1\/PD-L1 signalling. J Adv Res (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2024.12.045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.12.045"},{"key":"18820_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song, C., Pan, S., Zhang, J., Li, N. & Geng, Q. Mitophagy: A novel perspective for insighting into cancer and cancer treatment. Cell Prolif 55, e13327 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpr.13327","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13327"},{"key":"18820_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song, W. et al. Antisense lncRNA-RP11\u2013498C9.13 promotes bladder cancer progression by enhancing reactive oxygen species-induced mitophagy. J Gene Med 25, e3527 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jgm.3527","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.3527"},{"key":"18820_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qian, D. et al. Cathepsin K: A Versatile Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Various Cancers. Curr Oncol 29, 5963\u20135987 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/curroncol29080471","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29080471"},{"key":"18820_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuan, J. et al. PINK1-mediated mitophagy contributes to glucocorticoid-induced cathepsin K production in osteocytes. J Orthop Translat 38, 229\u2013240 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2022.11.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2022.11.003"},{"key":"18820_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. Identification of core immune-related genes CTSK, C3, and IFITM1 for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection-associated gastric cancer through transcriptomic analysis. International journal of biological macromolecules 287, 138645 (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.138645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.138645"},{"key":"18820_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin, G. et al. IL-17RA\/CTSK axis mediates H. pylori-induced castration-resistant prostate cancer growth. Oncogene 43, 3598\u20133616 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41388-024-03169-z","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-024-03169-z"},{"key":"18820_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bai, Z., Yan, C. & Chang, D. Prediction and therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironment-associated gene CTSK in gastric cancer. Discover oncology 14, 200 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-023-00821-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-023-00821-0"},{"key":"18820_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, H. et al. Hub biomarkers in ultrasound-guided bladder cancer and osteosarcoma: Myosin light chain kinase and caldesmon. Medicine (Baltimore) 102, e36414 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000036414","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000036414"},{"key":"18820_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. G. et al. Dynamic expression changes between non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Tumori 100, e273\u2013281 (2014).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1700\/1778.19294","DOI":"10.1700\/1778.19294"},{"key":"18820_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, R. et al. Gut microbiota-stimulated cathepsin K secretion mediates TLR4-dependent M2 macrophage polarization and promotes tumor metastasis in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Differ 26, 2447\u20132463 (2019).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41418-019-0312-y","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0312-y"},{"key":"18820_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Makondi, P. T., Wei, P. L., Huang, C. Y. & Chang, Y. J. Development of novel predictive miRNA\/target gene pathways for colorectal cancer distance metastasis to the liver using a bioinformatic approach. PLoS One 14, e0211968 (2019).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211968","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211968"},{"key":"18820_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park, C. B. et al. MTERF3 is a negative regulator of mammalian mtDNA transcription. Cell 130, 273\u2013285 (2007).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2007.05.046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.05.046"},{"key":"18820_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hyv\u00e4rinen, A. K. et al. The mitochondrial transcription termination factor mTERF modulates replication pausing in human mitochondrial DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 35, 6458\u20136474 (2007).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkm676","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm676"},{"key":"18820_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. Constructing and Evaluating a Mitophagy-Related Gene Prognostic Model: Implications for Immune Landscape and Tumor Biology in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Biomolecules 14 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom14020228","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14020228"},{"key":"18820_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, M. T. et al. Prognostic Role of Mitochondrial Transcription Termination Factor 3 in Thyroid Carcinoma. Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers 27, 362\u2013369 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/gtmb.2023.0108","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2023.0108"},{"key":"18820_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luo, J. et al. SRC kinase-mediated signaling pathways and targeted therapies in breast cancer. Breast cancer research : BCR 24, 99 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-022-01596-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-022-01596-y"},{"key":"18820_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, J. et al. Identification of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Signature in Bladder Cancer. Frontiers in oncology 11, 730716 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2021.730716","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.730716"},{"key":"18820_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, H., Liu, Q., Jin, M., Huang, G. & Cai, Q. Comprehensive analysis of mitophagy-related genes in NSCLC diagnosis and immune scenery: based on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data. Front Immunol 14, 1276074 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1276074","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1276074"},{"key":"18820_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang, C. C., Liu, H. Y., Hsu, T. W. & Lee, W. C. Updates on the Pivotal Roles of Mitochondria in Urothelial Carcinoma. Biomedicines 10 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10102453","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10102453"},{"key":"18820_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, S., Hu, Q., Fan, K., Yang, C. & Gao, Y. CSNK2B contributes to colorectal cancer cell proliferation by activating the mTOR signaling. J Cell Commun Signal 15, 383\u2013392 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12079-021-00619-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-021-00619-1"},{"key":"18820_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xiao, Y. et al. Tumor necrosis factor \u03b1-induced protein 1 as a novel tumor suppressor through selective downregulation of CSNK2B blocks nuclear factor-\u03baB activation in hepatocellular carcinoma. EBioMedicine 51, 102603 (2020).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.102603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.102603"},{"key":"18820_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, Y. et al. Curzerenone inactivates the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling to suppress malignancy and immune evasion in cervical cancer by targeting CSNK2B. Human cell 38, 35 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13577-024-01164-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-024-01164-w"},{"key":"18820_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cheng, Y. et al. Integrative analyses of a mitophagy-related gene signature for predicting prognosis in patients with uveal melanoma. Front Genet 13, 1050341 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2022.1050341","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1050341"},{"key":"18820_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luu Truong Thanh, H., Hoang, T. M. & Hoang Van, H. Identification of Hub Genes and Potential Pathogenesis in Gastric Cancer Based on Integrated Gene Expression Profile Analysis. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 25, 885\u2013892 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/apjcp.2024.25.3.885","DOI":"10.31557\/apjcp.2024.25.3.885"},{"key":"18820_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Wang, J., Zeng, T. & Qi, J. Data-mining-based biomarker evaluation and experimental validation of SHTN1 for bladder cancer. Cancer genetics 288\u2013289, 43\u201353 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cancergen.2024.09.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergen.2024.09.002"},{"key":"18820_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pang, L. et al. Development and validation of cuproptosis-related lncRNA signatures for prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer. BMC medical genomics 16, 58 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12920-023-01487-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-023-01487-x"},{"key":"18820_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nguyen, H. D. Prognostic biomarker prediction for glioma induced by heavy metals and their mixtures: An in-silico study. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 459, 116356 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2022.116356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2022.116356"},{"key":"18820_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feng, W. D. et al. Scoparone suppresses mitophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in inflammatory diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 44, 1238\u20131251 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41401-022-01028-9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-022-01028-9"},{"key":"18820_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patoli, D. et al. Inhibition of mitophagy drives macrophage activation and antibacterial defense during sepsis. J Clin Invest 130, 5858\u20135874 (2020).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci130996","DOI":"10.1172\/jci130996"},{"key":"18820_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang, E. et al. Mesenchymal stem cells in tumor microenvironment: Drivers of bladder cancer progression through mitochondrial dynamics and energy production. Cell Death Dis 15, 688 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-024-07068-9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07068-9"},{"key":"18820_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lv, Y. et al. In Situ Transformable Nanoparticle Effectively Suppresses Bladder Cancer by Damaging Mitochondria and Blocking Mitochondrial Autophagy Flux. Adv Sci (Weinh) 12, e2409425 (2025).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202409425","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202409425"},{"key":"18820_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Muhuitijiang, B. et al. Development and experimental validation of an M2 macrophage and platelet-associated gene signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in bladder cancer. Cancer science 115, 1417\u20131432 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cas.16113","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16113"},{"key":"18820_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Voskarides, K. & Giannopoulou, N. The Role of TP53 in Adaptation and Evolution. Cells 12 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12030512","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030512"},{"key":"18820_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ciccarese, C. et al. Tp53 and its potential therapeutic role as a target in bladder cancer. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets 21, 401\u2013414 (2017).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14728222.2017.1297798","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2017.1297798"},{"key":"18820_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, K. et al. Transcriptomic data of BT549 triple negative breast cancer cells treated with 20 \u00b5M NU7441, a DNA-dependent kinase inhibitor. Data in brief 53, 110183 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dib.2024.110183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2024.110183"},{"key":"18820_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pei, Y., Chen, S., Zhou, F., Xie, T. & Cao, H. Construction and evaluation of Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnostic prediction model based on genes involved in mitophagy. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 15, 1146660 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1146660","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1146660"},{"key":"18820_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ritchie, M. E. et al. limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res 43, e47 (2015).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007"},{"key":"18820_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cheng, Q., Chen, X., Wu, H. & Du, Y. Three hematologic\/immune system-specific expressed genes are considered as the potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis through bioinformatics analysis. Journal of translational medicine 19, 18 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-020-02689-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02689-y"},{"key":"18820_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Single-cell RNA and transcriptome sequencing profiles identify immune-associated key genes in the development of diabetic kidney disease. Front Immunol 14, 1030198 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1030198","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1030198"},{"key":"18820_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen, H. & Boutros, P. C. VennDiagram: A package for the generation of highly-customizable Venn and Euler diagrams in R. BMC Bioinformatics 12, 35 (2011).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-12-35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-35"},{"key":"18820_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang, Z. et al. Identification and Validation of Genes Related to Macrophage Polarization and Cell Death Modes Under Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Journal of inflammation research 17, 1397\u20131411 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/jir.S448372","DOI":"10.2147\/jir.S448372"},{"key":"18820_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shannon, P. et al. Cytoscape: A software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks. Genome Res 13, 2498\u20132504 (2003).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.1239303","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303"},{"key":"18820_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Construction of an acute myeloid leukemia prognostic model based on m6A-related efferocytosis-related genes. Front Immunol 14, 1268090 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1268090","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1268090"},{"key":"18820_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liao, X., Wang, W., Yu, B. & Tan, S. Thrombospondin-2 acts as a bridge between tumor extracellular matrix and immune infiltration in pancreatic and stomach adenocarcinomas: an integrative pan-cancer analysis. Cancer cell international 22, 213 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12935-022-02622-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02622-x"},{"key":"18820_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi, H., Yuan, X., Liu, G. & Fan, W. Identifying and Validating GSTM5 as an Immunogenic Gene in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Using Bioinformatics and Machine Learning. Journal of inflammation research 16, 6241\u20136256 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/jir.S442388","DOI":"10.2147\/jir.S442388"},{"key":"18820_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ding, M. et al. Clinical and therapeutical significances of the cluster and signature based on oxidative stress for osteosarcoma. Aging 15, 15360\u201315381 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.205354","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205354"},{"key":"18820_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen, J., Liu, Z., Wu, Z., Li, W. & Tan, X. Identification of a chemoresistance-related prognostic gene signature by comprehensive analysis and experimental validation in pancreatic cancer. Frontiers in oncology 13, 1132424 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2023.1132424","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1132424"},{"key":"18820_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cao, Z. J. & Gao, G. Multi-omics single-cell data integration and regulatory inference with graph-linked embedding. Nature biotechnology 40, 1458\u20131466 (2022).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41587-022-01284-4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-022-01284-4"},{"key":"18820_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu, Q., Chen, S., Hu, Y. & Huang, W. Landscape of Immune Microenvironment Under Immune Cell Infiltration Pattern in Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 12, 711433 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.711433","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.711433"},{"key":"18820_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maeser, D., Gruener, R. F. & Huang, R. S. oncoPredict: An R package for predicting in vivo or cancer patient drug response and biomarkers from cell line screening data. Briefings in bioinformatics 22 (2021).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bib\/bbab260","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbab260"},{"key":"18820_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pitts, A. J. & Fowler, C. R. Comparison of open-source software for producing directed acyclic graphs. Journal of causal inference 12 (2024).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jci-2023-0031","DOI":"10.1515\/jci-2023-0031"},{"key":"18820_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi, Y. et al. Crosstalk of ferroptosis regulators and tumor immunity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Novel perspective to mRNA vaccines and personalized immunotherapy. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 28, 1423\u20131435 (2023).  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10495-023-01868-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-023-01868-8"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-18820-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-18820-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-18820-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T11:25:31Z","timestamp":1758885931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-18820-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["18820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-18820-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author(s) declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"33272"}}