{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:13:55Z","timestamp":1790021635829,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Water Futures Project (2020-W-CD-3) funded by Environmental Protection Agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-21577-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:46:53Z","timestamp":1761662813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The number of phosphorus loss events will increase with variability and seasonality in far future climate scenarios"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Golnaz","family":"Ezzati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian L.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Erik","family":"Mellander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"21577_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26391-9","volume":"12","author":"ER Ma\u00fare","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma\u00fare, E. R., Terauchi, G., Ishizaka, J., Clinton, N. & deWitt, M. Globally consistent assessment of coastal eutrophication. Nat. Commun. 12, 6142 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"21577_CR2","unstructured":"DHPLG. Water Quality and Water Services Infrastructure-Climate Change Sectoral Adaptation Plan for the Sectors. Department of Housing, Planning and Local Government. https:\/\/www.gov.ie\/pdf\/?file=https:\/\/assets.gov.ie\/204931\/3bd18d19-432a-4435-bdbd-abe6fee4c407.pdf#page=null (2021)."},{"key":"21577_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009325844.006","volume-title":"Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II To the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H","author":"MA Caretta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Caretta, M. A. et al. Water. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. In Contribution of Working Group II To the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change  (eds P\u00f6rtner, O., et al.) (pp. 551\u2013712)  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781009325844.006 (Cambridge University Press, 2022)."},{"key":"21577_CR4","unstructured":"Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.  In Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability 3056 (eds P\u00f6rtner, D. C., et al.) (Cambridge University Press, 2022)."},{"key":"21577_CR5","unstructured":"USGCRP. Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment.  Vol. I. (eds Wuebbles D. J., et al.)  470. (2017)."},{"key":"21577_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IPCC. Technical summary. In Climate Change 2021 \u2013 The Physical Science Basis Working Group I Contribution To the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 35\u2013144 (Cambridge University Press, 2023).","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009157896.002"},{"key":"21577_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-023-01923-x","volume":"14","author":"L Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, L. et al. River water quality shaped by land\u2013river connectivity in a changing climate. Nat. Clim. Change. 14, 225\u2013237 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"},{"key":"21577_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147576","volume":"787","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E. & Jordan, P. Charting a perfect storm of water quality pressures. Sci. Total Environ. 787, 147576 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"21577_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.5802\/crgeos.186","volume":"355","author":"C Gascuel-Odoux","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gascuel-Odoux, C., Fovet, O., Faucheux, M., Salmon-Monviola, J. & Strohmenger, L. How to assess water quality change in temperate headwater catchments of Western Europe under climate change: examples and perspectives. Comptes Rendus G\u00e9oscience. 355, S1 (2023).","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus G\u00e9oscience"},{"key":"21577_CR10","first-page":"4","volume":"55","author":"R Coffey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coffey, R., Paul, M., Stamp, J., Hamilton, A. & Johnson, T. A review of water quality responses to air temperature and precipitation changes 2: Nutrients, algal blooms, sediment, pathogens. J. Am. Water Resource Association. 55, 4 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Am. Water Resource Association"},{"key":"21577_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2020.106420","volume":"242","author":"F Haghnazari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haghnazari, F., Karandish, F., Darzi-Naftchali, A. & Simunek, J. Dynamic assessment of the impacts of global warming of nitrate losses from a subsurface-drained rainfed-canola field. Agric. Water Manage. 242, 106420 (2020).","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manage."},{"key":"21577_CR12","unstructured":"USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). Climate change indicators: Great lakes water levels and temperatures. U.S. environmental protection agency.  https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/climate-indicators\/great-lakes (2016)."},{"key":"21577_CR13","first-page":"4","volume":"55","author":"MP Paul","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paul, M. P., Stamp, J., Hamilton, A., Coffey, R. & Johnson, T. A review of potential climate change effects on U.S. Water Quality - Part I: sea level Rise, Flow, and temperature. J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. 55, 4 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc."},{"key":"21577_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seyedhashemi, H. et al. Regional, multi-decadal analysis on the Loire river basin reveals that stream temperature increases faster than air temperature. Hydrology and. Earth Syst. Sci. 26, 9, (2022).","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-26-2583-2022"},{"key":"21577_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Vliet, M. T. H. et al. 2023. Global river water quality under climate change and hydroclimatic extremes. Nat. Rev. Earth Environ., 4, 687\u2013702 .","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-023-00472-3"},{"key":"21577_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917813","DOI":"10.3389\/frwa.2022.917813","volume":"4","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E., Galloway, J., Hawtree, D. & Jordan, P. Phosphorus mobilization and delivery estimated from long-term high frequency water quality and discharge data. Front. Water. 4, 917813 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Water"},{"key":"21577_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00232-0","volume":"8","author":"MC Ockenden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ockenden, M. C. et al. Major agricultural changes required to mitigate phosphorus losses under climate change. Nat. Communication. 8, 161 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Communication"},{"key":"21577_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramos, M. C., Lizaga, I., Gaspar, L. & Navas, A. The impacts of exceptional rainfall on phosphorus mobilisation in a mountain agroforestry catchments (NE, Spain) CATENA 216, B, 106407 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2022.106407"},{"issue":"1","key":"21577_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180036","DOI":"10.2134\/ael2018.06.0036","volume":"3","author":"KJ Forber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Forber, K. J., Withers, P. J. A., Ockenden, M. C. & Haygarth, P. M. The phosphorus transfer continuum: A framework for exploring effects of climate change. Agricultural Environ. Lett. 3 (1), 180036 (2018).","journal-title":"Agricultural Environ. Lett."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"21577_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.02.001","volume":"344","author":"PM Haygarth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haygarth, P. M., Condron, L. M., Heathwaite, A. L., Turner, B. L. & Harris, G. P. The phosphorus transfer continuum: linking source to impact with an interdisciplinary and multi-scaled approach. Sci. Total Environ. 344 (1\u20133), 5\u201314 (2005).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"21577_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.132122","volume":"644","author":"G Ezzati","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ezzati, G. et al. Impacts of changing weather patterns on the dynamics of water pollutants in agricultural catchments: insights from 11-year high Temporal resolution data analysis. J. Hydrol. 644, 132122 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"21577_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-023-01684-1","volume":"22","author":"HR Upadhayay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Upadhayay, H. R., Joynes, A. & Collins, A. L. C Dicarboxylic acid signatures indicate Temporal shifts in catchment sediment sources in response to extreme winter rainfall. Environ. Chem. Letter. 22, 499\u2013504 (2024).","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Letter"},{"key":"21577_CR23","unstructured":"Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage & Water Action, D. Plan. A river basin management plan for Ireland. Government of Ireland. https:\/\/www.gov.ie\/pdf\/?file=https:\/\/assets.gov.ie\/303156\/b0c6512b-2579-4296-9abe-ffdb1ddd6157.pdf#page=null  (2024)."},{"key":"21577_CR24","unstructured":"EPA. Ireland\u2019s National Water Quality Monitoring. Programme 2022\u20132027. Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/monitoring-assessment\/freshwater-marine\/EPA_WFD_MonitoringProgramme_2022_2027.pdf (2023)."},{"key":"21577_CR25","unstructured":"The Water Forum. Climate change impacts on Ireland\u2019s water resources. The Water Forum (An Foram Uisce). https:\/\/thewaterforum.ie\/app\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Policy-Brief-Climate-Change-Impacts-Summary.pdf (2023)."},{"key":"21577_CR26","unstructured":"EPA. Ireland\u2019s State of the Environment Report. Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/monitoring--assessment\/assessment\/state-of-the-environment\/EPA-SOE-Report-2024-BOOK-LOWRES-FINALfor-WEB.pdf (2024)."},{"key":"21577_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/w14101556","volume":"14","author":"H Meresa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meresa, H., Donegan, S., Golian, S. & Murphy, C. Simulated changes in seasonal and low flows with climate change for Irish catchments. Water 14, 10 (2022).","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"21577_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022JD038025","DOI":"10.1029\/2022JD038025","volume":"128","author":"H Meresa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Meresa, H., Murphy, C. & Donegan, S. E. Propagation and characteristics of hydrometeorological drought under changing climate in Irish catchments. J. Geophys. Research: Atmos. 128, e2022JD038025 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Research: Atmos."},{"key":"21577_CR29","unstructured":"Daly, D. Framework of best practice measures and guidelines for the protection and restoration of high status river water bodies. Waters of LIFE. https:\/\/www.watersoflife.ie\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Measures_Framework.pdf (2023)."},{"key":"21577_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.160978","volume":"8864","author":"G Ezzati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ezzati, G., Kyllmar, K. & Barron, J. Long-term water quality monitoring in agricultural catchments in sweden: impact of Climatic drivers on diffuse nutrient loads. Sci. Total Environ. 8864, 160978 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"21577_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s44288-024-00067-5","volume":"2","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E. et al. Managing \u2018critical mobilisation areas\u2019 will counter diffuse phosphorus transfers in far-future climate scenarios. Discover Geosci. 2, 60 (2024).","journal-title":"Discover Geosci."},{"key":"21577_CR32","unstructured":"EPA. National risk assessment of impacts of climate change: Bridging the gap to adaption action (2016-CCRP-MS.39). Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/research\/climate-change\/Research_Report_346.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"21577_CR33","unstructured":"EPA. National Climate change risk assessment. Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland. https:\/\/www.climateireland.ie\/media\/epa-2020\/monitoring-amp-assessment\/climate-change\/climate-ireland\/EPA_NCCRA_Published_June_2024.pdf (2024)."},{"key":"21577_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14423","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.14423","volume":"35","author":"A Lintern","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lintern, A. et al. The influence of climate on water chemistry States and dynamics in rivers across Australia. Hydrol. Process. 35, 12, e14423 (2021).","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"21577_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/535349a","volume":"535","author":"AM Michalak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Michalak, A. M. Study role of climate change in extreme threats to water quality. Nature 535, 349\u2013350 (2016).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"21577_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2017.12.030","volume":"147","author":"A Lungarska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lungarska, A. & Chakir, R. Climate-induced land use change in france: impacts of agricultural adaptation and climate change mitigation. Ecol. Econ. 147, 134\u2013154 (2018).","journal-title":"Ecol. Econ."},{"key":"21577_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2014.12.012","volume":"151","author":"A El-Khoury","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-Khoury, A. et al. Combined impacts of future climate and land use changes on discharge, nitrogen and phosphorus loads for a Canadian river basin. J. Environ. Manage. 151, 76\u201386 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"21577_CR38","unstructured":"EEA. \u2018Ecological status of surface waters in Europe\u2019. https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/ims\/ecological-status-of-surface-waters (2021)."},{"key":"21577_CR39","unstructured":"EPA & HydroPredict Ensemble River Flow Scenarios for Climate Change Adaptation (2018-CCRP-Ms.51). Environmental Protection Agency. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/research\/climate-change\/Research_Report-453.pdf (2024)."},{"key":"21577_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6111","DOI":"10.1021\/es304909y","volume":"47","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E. et al. Quantification of phosphorus transport from a karstic agricultural watershed to emerging spring. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 6111\u20136119 (2013).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"21577_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clarke, K. A. & Primo, D. M. Empirical Models\u2019, A Model Discipline: Political Science and the Logic of Representations (Oxford University Press, 2012).","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195382198.003.0005"},{"key":"21577_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-022-07311-y","volume":"108","author":"J Park","year":"2022","unstructured":"Park, J., Pao, G. M., Sugihara, G., Stabenaum, E. & Lorimer, T. Empirical mode modelling: A data-driven approach to recover and forecast nonlinear dynamics from noisy data. Nonlinear Dyn. 108, 2147\u20132160 (2022).","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dyn."},{"key":"21577_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-020-02874-4","volume":"163","author":"Y Hundecha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hundecha, Y. et al. Effect of model calibration strategy on climate projections of hydrological indicators at a continental scale. Clim. Change. 163, 1287\u20131306 (2020).","journal-title":"Clim. Change"},{"key":"21577_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-023-03458-4","volume":"37","author":"C Murphy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Murphy, C. et al. P.E.Climate change impacts on Irish river flows: high resolution scenarios and comparison with CORDEX and CMIP6 ensembles. Water Resour. Manage. 37, 1841\u20131858 (2023).","journal-title":"Water Resour. Manage"},{"key":"21577_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mellander, P-E., Galloway, J., Hawtree, D. & Jordan, P. Phosphorus mobilization and delivery estimated from long-term high frequency water quality and discharge data. Front. Water 4, 917813 (2022).","DOI":"10.3389\/frwa.2022.917813"},{"key":"21577_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3504","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.10415","volume":"29","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E., Jordan, P., Shore, M., Melland, A. R. & Shortle, G. Flow paths and phosphorus transfer pathways in two agricultural streams with contrasting flow controls. Hydrol. Process. 29, 3504\u20133518 (2015).","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"21577_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2012.06.004","volume":"24","author":"PE Mellander","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mellander, P. E. et al. Quantifying nutrient transfer pathways in agricultural catchments using high Temporal resolution data. Environ. Sci. &Policy. 24, 44\u201357 (2012).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. &Policy"},{"key":"21577_CR48","unstructured":"Monteith, J. L. Evaporation and environment: the state and movement of water in living organisms. In  19th Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology. The Company of Biologists (eds Fogg, G.E.) pp. 205\u2013234  (1965)."},{"key":"21577_CR49","unstructured":"Nolan, P. & Flanagan, J. High-resolution climate projections for Ireland\u2013A multi-model ensemble approach. EPA Research Report 329. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/research\/climate-change\/Research_Report_339_Part1.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"21577_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4347","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.5091","volume":"37","author":"P Nolan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nolan, P., O\u2019Sullivan, J. & McGrath, R. Impacts of climate change on Mid-Twenty-First-Century rainfall in ireland: A High-Resolution regional climate model ensemble approach: impacts of climate change on Mid-21st-Century rainfall in Ireland. Int. J. Climatol. 37, 4347\u20134363 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Climatol."},{"key":"21577_CR51","unstructured":"Werner, C., Nolan, P., Naughton, O. & High- resolution Gridded Datasets of Hydro-climate Indices for Ireland, EPA Research Report 267. https:\/\/www.epa.ie\/publications\/research\/water\/research-267-high-resolution-gridded-datasets-of-hydro-climate-indices-for-ireland.php (2019)."},{"key":"21577_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-25-1923-2021","volume":"25","author":"P Morrissey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morrissey, P. et al. Impacts of climate change on groundwater flooding and ecohydrology in lowland karst. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 25, 1923\u20131941 (2021).","journal-title":"Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"21577_CR53","unstructured":"Kendall, M. G. Rank correlation methods. Griffin (1948)."},{"key":"21577_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.5993","volume":"20","author":"T Partal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Partal, T. & Kahya, E. Trend analysis in Turish precipitation data. Hydrol. Process. 20, 2011\u20132026 (2006).","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"issue":"1","key":"21577_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1029\/WR018i001p00107","volume":"18","author":"RM Hirsch","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hirsch, R. M., Slack, J. R. & Smith, R. A. Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data. Water Resour. Res. 18 (1), 107\u2013121 (1982).","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"21577_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2024.103848","volume":"138","author":"YS G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc","year":"2025","unstructured":"G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, Y. S., Acar, R. & Sapl\u0131o\u011flu, K. Seasonally adjusted periodic time series for Mann-Kendall trend test. Phys. Chem. Earth Parts A\/B\/C. 138, 103848 (2025).","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Earth Parts A\/B\/C"},{"key":"21577_CR57","unstructured":"Yih-Chang, C. Empirical modelling for participative business process reengineering: The University of Warwick. https:\/\/warwick.ac.uk\/fac\/sci\/dcs\/research\/em\/publications\/phd\/ychen\/files\/chap-4.pdf  (2001)."},{"key":"21577_CR58","unstructured":"Sugihara, G., Deyle, E. & Empirical Dynamics A new paradigm for understanding and managing species and ecosystems in a non-stationary nonlinear world.  https:\/\/sepub-prod-0001-124733793621-us-gov-west-1.s3.us-gov-west-1.amazonaws.com\/s3fs-public\/2024-02\/RC-2509%20Final%20Report.pdf?VersionId=t0EtKUAzPR5rv8B7kYC9VdXpAlFylFeG (University of California, 2022)."},{"key":"21577_CR59","unstructured":"Dunn, R. J. H. et al. Development of an updated global land in situ-based data set of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX3. J. Geophys. Res.  Atmosph. 125 (2020)."},{"key":"21577_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan, C., Curley, M., Walsh, S. & Murphy, C. Long-term trends in extreme precipitation indices in Ireland. Int. J. Climatol., 42 (2021).","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.7475"},{"key":"21577_CR61","first-page":"8945","volume":"10","author":"A Valle","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valle, A., Bertrand, C. & Mudry, J. Effective rainfall: a significant parameter to improve Understanding of deep-seated rainfall triggering landslide- a simple computation temperature based method applied to sechiliencce unstable slope, hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discussion. 10, 8945\u20138991 (2013).","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Discussion"},{"key":"21577_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120011","volume":"238","author":"A Muratoglu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muratoglu, A., Bilgen, G. K., Angin, I. & Kodal, S. Performance analyses of effective rainfall Estimation methods for accurate quantification of agricultural water footprint. Water Res. 238, 120011 (2023).","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-21577-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-21577-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-21577-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T02:02:28Z","timestamp":1762048948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-21577-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["21577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-21577-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"37609"}}