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Influencing factors include perfusion deficits, tension, inflammation, malnutrition, medications, and previous therapies. Surgical technique and type of anastomosis are also crucial. While various strategies for early detection and management exist, endoscopic negative pressure therapy (ENPT) has shown promising therapeutic benefits. This study evaluates the technique and outcomes of ENPT for treating AL. In this retrospective analysis, 59 patients with grade B AL following rectal resection between June 2016 and February 2022 were included. Patients had endoscopically or radiologically confirmed AL with pelvic abscess and were treated with ENPT. Exclusion criteria included relaparotomy, CT-guided drainage, sealant use, and irrigation without ENPT. Outcomes included leakage closure, abscess recurrence, sepsis, ostomy closure rate, and complications. Of the 59 patients, 16 received ENPT without an ostomy; 10 of these achieved complete healing. Median ENPT duration was 4 weeks. Higher anastomosis levels correlated with better healing. Factors such as leak type, abscess size, and chronicity influenced outcomes. Reported complications included rectovaginal fistula and anastomotic stenosis. ENPT is a safe and effective approach for AL, often avoiding permanent ostomies. A structured, endoscopy-led treatment strategy is essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-25181-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T11:27:10Z","timestamp":1761910030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endoscopic negative pressure therapy as a salvage treatment for management of post-surgical anastomotic leaks without ostomy after colorectal resection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3694-9005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Kantowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugen","family":"Bellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"R\u00f6sch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ramouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tachezy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Scognamiglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"25181_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.00999.x","volume":"8","author":"A Karliczek","year":"2006","unstructured":"Karliczek, A. et al. Drainage or nondrainage in elective colorectal anastomosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis. 8, 259\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.00999.x (2006).","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."},{"key":"25181_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00341191","volume":"8","author":"H Kessler","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kessler, H., Hermanek, P. Jr. & Wiebelt, H. Operative mortality in carcinoma of the rectum. Results of the German multicentre study. Int. J. Colorectal Dis. 8, 158\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00341191 (1993).","journal-title":"Int. J. Colorectal Dis."},{"key":"25181_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-0008-4","volume":"33","author":"ZJ Cong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cong, Z. J. et al. Influencing factors of symptomatic anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of the rectum for cancer. World J. Surg. 33, 1292\u20131297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-009-0008-4 (2009).","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"25181_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2021.10.039","volume":"45","author":"HE Ju","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ju, H. E. et al. High incidence of late anastomosis leakage in patients for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A comparative study. Asian J. Surg. 45, 1832\u20131842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2021.10.039 (2022).","journal-title":"Asian J. Surg."},{"key":"25181_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v6.i2.14","volume":"6","author":"F Daams","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daams, F., Wu, Z., Lahaye, M. J., Jeekel, J. & Lange, J. F. Prediction and diagnosis of colorectal anastomotic leakage: A systematic review of literature. World J. Gastrointest. Surg. 6, 14\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4240\/wjgs.v6.i2.14 (2014).","journal-title":"World J. 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KG. The other authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and\/or their legal guardian(s).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Approval for human experiments"}}],"article-number":"38115"}}