{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:14:36Z","timestamp":1777709676231,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project"},{"name":"project of Tianjin Health and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-25294-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T12:27:10Z","timestamp":1763987230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effects of invasive treatment on patients with frailty and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Su-Tao","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Kun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian-Shu","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing-Kun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Y. H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kang-Yin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"25294_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.m146","volume":"56","author":"LP Fried","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fried, L. P. et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 56(3), M146\u2013M156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.m146 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"25294_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12266","volume":"5","author":"HL Orrem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Orrem, H. L. et al. Acute heart failure following myocardial infarction: Complement activation correlates with the severity of heart failure in patients developing cardiogenic shock. ESC Heart Fail. 5(3), 292\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12266 (2018).","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"37","key":"25294_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3856","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab468","volume":"42","author":"AA Damluji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Damluji, A. A. et al. Frailty and cardiovascular outcomes in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Eur. Heart J. 42(37), 3856\u20133865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab468 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"25294_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.07.268","volume":"222","author":"GL Alonso Salinas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alonso Salinas, G. L. et al. Frailty predicts major bleeding within 30days in elderly patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Int. J. Cardiol. 222, 590\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.07.268 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"25294_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872616644909","volume":"5","author":"GL Alonso Salinas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alonso Salinas, G. L. et al. Frailty is a short-term prognostic marker in acute coronary syndrome of elderly patients. Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care. 5(5), 434\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2048872616644909 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care."},{"issue":"10","key":"25294_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22749","volume":"40","author":"GL Alonso Salinas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alonso Salinas, G. L. et al. Frailty is an independent prognostic marker in elderly patients with myocardial infarction. Clin. Cardiol. 40(10), 925\u2013931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.22749 (2017).","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"25294_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-1500-9","volume":"20","author":"A Anand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anand, A. et al. Frailty assessment and risk prediction by GRACE score in older patients with acute myocardial infarction. BMC Geriatr. 20(1), 102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-020-1500-9 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"25294_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-22-0515","volume":"87","author":"H Ashikawa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashikawa, H. et al. Physical frailty may predict 2-year prognosis in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction - A report from the FLAGSHIP study. Circ. J. 87(4), 490\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1253\/circj.CJ-22-0515 (2023).","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"25294_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070951","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1070951","volume":"9","author":"W Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai, W. et al. Frailty index based on laboratory tests improves prediction of short-and long-term mortality in patients with critical acute myocardial infarction. Front. Med. (Lausanne). 9, 1070951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1070951 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Med. (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"38","key":"25294_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3720","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad191","volume":"44","author":"RA Byrne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Byrne, R. A. et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 44(38), 3720\u20133826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad191 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"14","key":"25294_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa575","volume":"42","author":"JP Collet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collet, J. P. et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. Eur. Heart J. 42(14), 1289\u20131367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa575 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"7","key":"25294_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2022.03.021","volume":"97","author":"B Fishman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fishman, B. et al. Invasive management in older adults (\u226580 years) with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Mayo Clin. Proc. 97(7), 1247\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2022.03.021 (2022).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"25294_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2024.08.016","author":"M Mele","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mele, M. et al. Impact of frailty on outcome of older patients with non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. Am. J. Cardiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2024.08.016 (2024).","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"25294_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.151","volume":"228","author":"J N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2017","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez, J. et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention and recurrent hospitalizations in elderly patients with non ST-segment acute coronary syndrome: The role of frailty. Int. J. Cardiol. 228, 456\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.151 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"25294_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.0047","volume":"183","author":"J Sanchis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sanchis, J. et al. Effect of routine invasive vs conservative strategy in older adults with frailty and non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern. Med. 183(5), 407\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.0047 (2023).","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"25294_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.30595","volume":"101","author":"J Heaton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heaton, J. et al. Impact of frailty on outcomes in acute ST-elevated myocardial infarctions undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 101(4), 773\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccd.30595 (2023).","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv."},{"issue":"10132","key":"25294_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30668-8","volume":"391","author":"T Gilbert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gilbert, T. et al. Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: An observational study. Lancet 391(10132), 1775\u20131782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30668-8 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"25294_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13002","volume":"287","author":"FA McAlister","year":"2020","unstructured":"McAlister, F. A., Savu, A., Ezekowitz, J. A., Armstrong, P. W. & Kaul, P. The hospital frailty risk score in patients with heart failure is strongly associated with outcomes but less so with pharmacotherapy. J. Intern. Med. 287(3), 322\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.13002 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"25294_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2021.09.021","volume":"38","author":"M Orlandi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Orlandi, M. et al. The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants has not resolved treatment gaps for frail patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Can. J. Cardiol. 38(1), 77\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2021.09.021 (2022).","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"25294_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.100949","volume":"3","author":"Y Jamil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jamil, Y. et al. Association between frailty and management and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. JACC Adv. 3(6), 100949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.100949 (2024).","journal-title":"JACC Adv."},{"key":"25294_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056037","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1056037","volume":"9","author":"W Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai, W. et al. Association between frailty and short- and long-term mortality in patients with critical acute myocardial infarction: Results from MIMIC-IV. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 9, 1056037. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1056037 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"25294_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S439454","volume":"18","author":"W Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bai, W. et al. Association of frailty with adverse outcomes in patients with critical acute myocardial infarction: A retrospective cohort study. Clin. Interv. Aging. 18, 2129\u20132139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.S439454 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging."},{"key":"25294_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.03.007","volume":"249","author":"JA Udell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Udell, J. A. et al. Preexisting frailty and outcomes in older patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am. Heart J. 249, 34\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.03.007 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"25294_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S433221","volume":"18","author":"M Zong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zong, M., Guan, X., Huang, W., Chang, J. & Zhang, J. Effect of frailty on the long-term prognosis of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction. Clin. Interv. Aging. 18, 2021\u20132029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.S433221 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging."},{"issue":"2","key":"25294_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuab114","volume":"11","author":"N Ekerstad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ekerstad, N. et al. Clinical Frailty Scale classes are independently associated with 6-month mortality for patients after acute myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care. 11(2), 89\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuab114 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care."},{"issue":"20","key":"25294_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.123.064071","volume":"147","author":"AA Damluji","year":"2023","unstructured":"Damluji, A. A. et al. Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases. Circulation 147(20), 1534\u20131553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.123.064071 (2023).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"25294_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-019-01547-2","volume":"35","author":"H Amano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amano, H. et al. Frailty and coronary plaque characteristics on optical coherence tomography. Heart Vessels. 35(6), 750\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00380-019-01547-2 (2020).","journal-title":"Heart Vessels."},{"key":"25294_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S469480","volume":"19","author":"T Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao, T. et al. A novel scale system based on the frailty index and laboratory indicators for the short-term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin. Interv. Aging. 19, 1597\u20131606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.S469480 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging."},{"key":"25294_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae755","author":"M Roman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Roman, M. et al. Revascularization in frail patients with acute coronary syndromes: A retrospective longitudinal study. Eur. Heart J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae755 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"22","key":"25294_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.08.028","volume":"11","author":"JA Dodson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dodson, J. A. et al. The association of frailty with in-hospital bleeding among older adults with acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the ACTION registry. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 11(22), 2287\u20132296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.08.028 (2018).","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Interv."},{"issue":"7","key":"25294_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e323","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-2667(18)30091-4","volume":"3","author":"P Hanlon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hanlon, P. et al. Frailty and pre-frailty in middle-aged and older adults and its association with multimorbidity and mortality: A prospective analysis of 493 737 UK Biobank participants. Lancet Public Health. 3(7), e323\u2013e332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2468-2667(18)30091-4 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health."},{"issue":"8","key":"25294_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.070","volume":"63","author":"J Afilalo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Afilalo, J. et al. Frailty assessment in the cardiovascular care of older adults. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 63(8), 747\u2013762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.070 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"25294_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0329-8","volume":"16","author":"HS Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin, H. S., Watts, J. N., Peel, N. M. & Hubbard, R. E. Frailty and post-operative outcomes in older surgical patients: a systematic review. BMC Geriatr. 16(1), 157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-016-0329-8 (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"25294_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.111.961375","volume":"4","author":"M Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh, M. et al. Influence of frailty and health status on outcomes in patients with coronary disease undergoing percutaneous revascularization. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes. 4(5), 496\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circoutcomes.111.961375 (2011).","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes."},{"issue":"2","key":"25294_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2013.01.002","volume":"1","author":"SM McNallan","year":"2013","unstructured":"McNallan, S. M. et al. Frailty and healthcare utilization among patients with heart failure in the community. JACC Heart Fail. 1(2), 135\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2013.01.002 (2013).","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"17","key":"25294_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e013686","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.119.013686","volume":"8","author":"AA Damluji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Damluji, A. A. et al. Frailty among older adults with acute myocardial infarction and outcomes from percutaneous coronary interventions. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 8(17), e013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.119.013686 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"7","key":"25294_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-24-0049","volume":"6","author":"J Komatsu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Komatsu, J. et al. Early invasive strategy for octogenarians and nonagenarians with acute myocardial infarction. Circ. Rep. 6(7), 263\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1253\/circrep.CR-24-0049 (2024).","journal-title":"Circ. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"25294_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e336","DOI":"10.4244\/eij-d-18-00099","volume":"14","author":"I Lla\u00f3","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lla\u00f3, I. et al. Invasive strategy and frailty in very elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes. EuroIntervention 14(3), e336\u2013e342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4244\/eij-d-18-00099 (2018).","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"25294_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100183","volume":"10","author":"H Kundi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kundi, H., Coskun, N. & Yesiltepe, M. Association of entirely claims-based frailty indices with long-term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia: a nationwide cohort study in Turkey. Lancet Reg. Health Eur. 10, 100183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100183 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. Health Eur."},{"issue":"5 Pt 2","key":"25294_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2005.00444.x","volume":"40","author":"KJ O'Malley","year":"2005","unstructured":"O\u2019Malley, K. J. et al. Measuring diagnoses: ICD code accuracy. Health Serv. Res. 40(5 Pt 2), 1620\u20131639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2005.00444.x (2005).","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"25294_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2174\/011573403x276647240217112151","volume":"20","author":"BS Sokhal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sokhal, B. S. et al. Systematic review of the association of the hospital frailty risk score with mortality in patients with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. Curr. Cardiol. Rev. 20(3), 45\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/011573403x276647240217112151 (2024).","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rev."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25294-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25294-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25294-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T01:02:49Z","timestamp":1764378169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25294-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["25294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-25294-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the Institutional Review Board of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University waived the need of obtaining informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"41507"}}