{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T18:11:08Z","timestamp":1783620668824,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This work presents a sustainable and eco-friendly method using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) under visible light to selectively photocatalyze the oxidation of aromatic alcohols into beneficial aromatic aldehyde compounds. Under mild conditions, this work investigated a composite of CuBi\u2082O\u2084 and CTFs (CTF-CuBi\u2082O\u2084) as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohols to their respective benzaldehydes using TBHP as the oxidizing agent. Several microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, including FT-IR, PXRD, SEM, TEM, EDAX, BET, TGA, UV-DRS, Matt-Schottky, and PL, were used to investigate the physical and structural features of this photocatalyst. Moreover, mass spectroscopy,\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H NMR, and\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C NMR were the techniques applied to verify the corresponding benzaldehydes\u2019 structures. The target products can be synthesized in moderate to high yields under appropriate reaction conditions. This technology offers advantages such as diminished reaction time and temperature (room temperature), utilization of visible light as a renewable and eco-friendly energy source, moderate reaction conditions, application of a recyclable catalyst, enhanced selectivity, and minimized undesirable byproducts. Additionally, the stability and recyclability of the catalyst were examined under ideal conditions, revealing that it can be reversibly reused for up to 6 cycles without substantial loss of activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-25368-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T11:54:11Z","timestamp":1763726051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Covalent organic frameworks-supported copper bismuth oxide nanoparticles as an efficient and green photocatalyst for benzyl alcohol oxidation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sanaz","family":"HajimohamadzadehTorkambour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Jadidi Nejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzane","family":"Pazoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akbar","family":"Heydari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"25368_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Y.; Huang, C.; Li, Y.; Yang, Y.; Xu, R. Review on performance and preparation of catalysts for oxidative esterification of aldehydes or alcohols to esters. ChemCatChem 16 (4), e202300976 (2024).","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.202300976"},{"issue":"2","key":"25368_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.1c05334","volume":"12","author":"D Ribeaucourt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ribeaucourt, D. et al. Tunable production of (R)-or (S)-citronellal from geraniol via a bienzymatic cascade using a copper radical alcohol oxidase and old yellow enzyme. ACS Catal. 12 (2), 1111\u20131116 (2022).","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"issue":"8","key":"25368_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01925-z","volume":"36","author":"SV Hunt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hunt, S. V. & Malhotra, R. Bacteriostatic preserved saline for pain-free periocular injections. Eye 36 (8), 1546\u20131552 (2022).","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"21","key":"25368_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CC08389E","volume":"57","author":"YL Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng, Y. L. & Newman, S. G. Cross-coupling reactions with esters, aldehydes, and alcohols. Chem. Commun. 57 (21), 2591\u20132604 (2021).","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"9","key":"25368_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3773","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c00499","volume":"8","author":"EB Ayd\u0131n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131n, E. B., Ayd\u0131n, M. & Sezgint\u00fcrk, M. K. Impedimetric detection of calreticulin by a disposable immunosensor modified with a single-walled carbon nanotube-conducting polymer nanocomposite. ACS Biomaterials Sci. Eng. 8 (9), 3773\u20133784 (2022).","journal-title":"ACS Biomaterials Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"25368_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-025-01379-4","volume":"19","author":"C Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu, C., Liang, J., Liang, Y., Ouyang, L. & Li, Y. Adaptive alcohols-alcohols cross-coupling via TFA catalysis: access of unsymmetrical ethers. BMC Chem. 19 (1), 13 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Chem."},{"key":"25368_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2023.101979","volume":"124","author":"S Kodama","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kodama, S., Bissaro, B., Berrin, J. G. & Kubo, Y. Plant surface signal sensing and infection-related morphogenesis of Colletotrichum orbiculare. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 124, 101979 (2023).","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"issue":"16","key":"25368_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5981","DOI":"10.1039\/D1GC01338F","volume":"23","author":"Y Mao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mao, Y. et al. Synthesis of a task-specific imidazolium-based porous triazine polymer decorated with ultrafine Pd nanoparticles toward alcohol oxidation. Green Chem. 23 (16), 5981\u20135989 (2021).","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"issue":"28","key":"25368_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11612","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.4c02102","volume":"128","author":"S Durairaj","year":"2024","unstructured":"Durairaj, S. et al. Unveiling the mechanistic aspects of Solar-Driven Hematein remediation using biocompatible Metal-Free carbon nitride nanosheets. J. Phys. Chem. C. 128 (28), 11612\u201311625 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"25368_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.133741","volume":"294","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. Synergetic mechanism of defective g-C3N4 activated persulfate on removal of antibiotics and resistant bacteria: ROSs transformation, electron transfer and noncovalent interaction. Chemosphere 294, 133741 (2022).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"25368_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakravorty, A. & Roy, S. A. Review of-Photocatalysis, basic principles, processes, and materials. Sustainable Chem. Environment 8, 100155. (2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scenv.2024.100155"},{"key":"25368_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moloney, M. Reactions of aldehydes and ketones and their derivatives. Organic Reaction Mech. 2024, 1\u201345 (2020).","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119716846.ch1"},{"key":"25368_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirihara, M. et al. Sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate as an environmentally benign oxidizing agent: effective synthesis of carboxylic acids from primary alcohols and sulfones from sulfides. Synthesis, 57(10), 1742\u20131754 (2025).","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2531-6862"},{"issue":"14","key":"25368_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8941","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-023-05430-2","volume":"30","author":"Z Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, Z., Zhu, J., Xiao, P. & Wang, X. Polyacrylonitrile\/cellulose nanofiber supported gold nanoparticles for liquid-phase aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. Cellulose 30 (14), 8941\u20138953 (2023).","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"25368_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2023.122724","volume":"993","author":"S Fekri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fekri, S., Mansoori, Y. & Bezaatpour, A. Bis (NHC)-Pd (II) and Pd (0) complexes supported on magnetic SBA-15 for the selective aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes and reduction of nitroarenes. J. Organomet. Chem. 993, 122724 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"25368_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1080\/00397911.2015.1015034","volume":"45","author":"T Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen, T. & Cai, C. Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohols to aldehydes with a Salophen copper (II) complex and tert-Butyl hydroperoxide at room temperature. Synth. Commun. 45 (11), 1334\u20131341 (2015).","journal-title":"Synth. Commun."},{"key":"25368_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.12.020","volume":"398","author":"MJ Ndolomingo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ndolomingo, M. J. & Meijboom, R. Selective liquid phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde by tert-butyl hydroperoxide over \u03b3-Al2O3 supported copper and gold nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 398, 19\u201332 (2017).","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"25368_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1002\/adsc.201300275","volume":"355","author":"P Saisaha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Saisaha, P. et al. Selective catalytic oxidation of alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes and alkenes employing manganese catalysts and hydrogen peroxide. Adv. Synth. Catal. 355 (13), 2591\u20132603 (2013).","journal-title":"Adv. Synth. Catal."},{"issue":"20","key":"25368_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14559","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.3c01573","volume":"88","author":"Q Fan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fan, Q. et al. Visible-light photocatalytic highly selective oxidation of alcohols into carbonyl compounds by CsPbBr3 perovskite. J. Org. Chem. 88 (20), 14559\u201314570 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"25368_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2016.04.008","volume":"278","author":"VV Torbina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Torbina, V. V., Ivanchikova, I. D., Kholdeeva, O. A., Skobelev, I. Y. & Vodyankina, O. V. Propylene glycol oxidation with tert-butyl hydroperoxide over Cr-containing metal-organic frameworks MIL-101 and MIL-100. Catal. Today. 278, 97\u2013103 (2016).","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"25368_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2024.119855","volume":"683","author":"S Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai, S., Song, Y., Gao, M. & Zhang, W. Synergistic coupling of photocatalytic H2 evolution and selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol over ZnIn2S4\/Ni in aqueous solution. Appl. Catal. A. 683, 119855 (2024).","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A"},{"key":"25368_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tosun, R. B., Hamalo\u011flu, K. \u00d6. & Tuncel, A. Bimetallic Pd-Au nanoparticles supported monodisperse porous silica microspheres as an efficient heterogenous catalyst for fast oxidation of benzyl alcohol. ChemistrySelect 7 (28), e202201646. (2022).","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202201646"},{"issue":"5","key":"25368_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.106234","volume":"9","author":"G Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi, G., Lu, Q., Xu, J., Wang, J. & Ji, L. Co-immobilization of N-hydroxyphthalimide and cobaltous ions as a recyclable catalyst for selective aerobic oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 9 (5), 106234 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"11","key":"25368_CR24","first-page":"2655","volume":"10","author":"CH Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin, C. H., Chen, W. H. & Mitch, W. A. Degradation of benzylamines during chlorination and chloramination. Environ. Science: Water Res. Technol. 10 (11), 2655\u20132664 (2024).","journal-title":"Environ. Science: Water Res. Technol."},{"key":"25368_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roman, B. I.; Kimpe, N. D.; Stevens, C. V. Synthesis of \u03b2-, \u03b3-, \u03b4-,\u2026 \u03c9-Halogenated Ketones and Aldehydes. Chemical reviews 110 (10), 5914\u20135988 (2010).","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900409h"},{"issue":"3","key":"25368_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1039\/b608304h","volume":"9","author":"VR Choudhary","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choudhary, V. R., Jha, R. & Jana, P. Solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol by molecular oxygen over uranium oxide supported nano-gold catalyst for the production of chlorine-free benzaldehyde. Green Chem. 9 (3), 267\u2013272 (2007).","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"25368_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1002\/cjce.23835","volume":"98","author":"G Rangarajan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rangarajan, G., Yan, N. & Farnood, R. High-performance photocatalysts for the selective oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 98 (11), 2259\u20132293 (2020).","journal-title":"Can. J. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"37","key":"25368_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25381","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TA04195J","volume":"12","author":"H Dan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dan, H. et al. Accelerated selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde via a self-catalyzed Pickering emulsion microreactor. J. Mater. Chem. A. 12 (37), 25381\u201325392 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"25368_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.163","volume":"359","author":"Z Shao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shao, Z., Zeng, T., He, Y., Zhang, D. & Pu, X. A novel magnetically separable CoFe2O4\/Cd0. 9Zn0. 1S photocatalyst with remarkably enhanced H2 evolution activity under visible light irradiation. Chem. Eng. J. 359, 485\u2013495 (2019).","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"25368_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2016.09.017","volume":"202","author":"T Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan, T. et al. Ultra-low loading of ag3PO4 on hierarchical In2S3 microspheres to improve the photocatalytic performance: the cocatalytic effect of ag and ag3PO4. Appl. Catal. B. 202, 84\u201394 (2017).","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"25368_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-022-01503-z","volume":"21","author":"J Arun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arun, J. et al. Synthesis and application of titanium dioxide photocatalysis for energy, decontamination and viral disinfection: A review. Environ. Chem. Lett. 21 (1), 339\u2013362 (2023).","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"29","key":"25368_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25640","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c00963","volume":"8","author":"M Rafique","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rafique, M. et al. Hydrogen production using TiO2-based photocatalysts: a comprehensive review. ACS Omega. 8 (29), 25640\u201325648 (2023).","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"3","key":"25368_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.15330\/pcss.22.3.585-594","volume":"22","author":"O Baibara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baibara, O., Radchenko, M., Karpyna, V. & Ievtushenko, A. A review of the some aspects for the development of ZnO based photocatalysts for a variety of applications. Phys. Chem. Solid State. 22 (3), 585\u2013594 (2021).","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Solid State"},{"issue":"7","key":"25368_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5256","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NJ04606E","volume":"42","author":"R Naeem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naeem, R. et al. Single step aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition of p\u2013n Sn (ii) oxide\u2013Ti (iv) oxide nanocomposite thin film electrodes for investigation of photoelectrochemical properties. New J. Chem. 42 (7), 5256\u20135266 (2018).","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"issue":"41","key":"25368_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22087","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TA03564F","volume":"11","author":"DR Santos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santos, D. R., Shukla, S. & Vermang, B. Prospects of copper\u2013bismuth chalcogenide absorbers for photovoltaics and photoelectrocatalysis. J. Mater. Chem. A. 11 (41), 22087\u201322104 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"25368_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129484","volume":"419","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, L. et al. Recent advances on Bismuth-based photocatalysts: strategies and mechanisms. Chem. Eng. J. 419, 129484 (2021).","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"25368_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2024.09.271","volume":"88","author":"X Pang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pang, X. et al. CuBi2O4\/CuO photocathode with conformal CQD@ Ni (OH) 2 coating for stable solar water splitting. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 88, 1207\u20131216 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrog. Energy"},{"key":"25368_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.130205","volume":"1235","author":"A Manjceevan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Manjceevan, A. & Somapala, T. Visible-light-harvesting Hedgehog like copper bismuth oxide: optical, structural and electrochemical properties. J. Mol. Struct. 1235, 130205 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"25368_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.153526","volume":"496","author":"MO Qamar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qamar, M. O., Balu, K. & Ahn, Y. H. BiVO4-Driven photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical in slurry bubble column reactor: influencing factors and toxicological profiling. Chem. Eng. J. 496, 153526 (2024).","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"25368_CR40","unstructured":"Lee, N. F. Photochemical generation and kinetic studies of high-valent metal-oxo intermediates supported by corrole and porphyrin ligands, Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Paper 2052. (2017)."},{"issue":"24","key":"25368_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12407","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA03252H","volume":"5","author":"Z Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu, Z., Wang, J., Zhou, Z. & Zhao, G. Highly selective aerobic oxidation of biomass alcohol to benzaldehyde by an in situ doped Au\/TiO 2 nanotube photonic crystal photoanode for simultaneous hydrogen production promotion. J. Mater. Chem. A. 5 (24), 12407\u201312415 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"1","key":"25368_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.3762\/bjnano.10.134","volume":"10","author":"W Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi, W. et al. Construction of a 0D\/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles\/CuBi2O4 microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 10 (1), 1360\u20131367 (2019).","journal-title":"Beilstein J. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"25368_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.120956","volume":"381","author":"L Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. The precursor-guided hydrothermal synthesis of CuBi2O4\/WO3 heterostructure with enhanced photoactivity under simulated solar light irradiation and mechanism insight. J. Hazard. Mater. 381, 120956 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"25368_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.07.263","volume":"495","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. Fabrication of the flower-flake-like CuBi2O4\/Bi2WO6 heterostructure as efficient visible-light driven photocatalysts: Performance, kinetics and mechanism insight. Appl. Surf. Sci. 495, 143521 (2019).","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"25368_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.03.048","volume":"209","author":"W Shi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shi, W., Guo, F. & Yuan, S. In situ synthesis of Z-scheme Ag3PO4\/CuBi2O4 photocatalysts and enhanced photocatalytic performance for the degradation of Tetracycline under visible light irradiation. Appl. Catal. B. 209, 720\u2013728 (2017).","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B"},{"key":"25368_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2024.105890","volume":"66","author":"OC Olatunde","year":"2024","unstructured":"Olatunde, O. C., Sawunyama, L., Yusuf, T. L. & Onwudiwe, D. C. Visible light driven CuBi2O4 heterostructures and their enhanced photocatalytic activity for pollutant degradation: A review. J. Water Process. Eng. 66, 105890 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Water Process. Eng."},{"issue":"10","key":"25368_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1039\/C7QI00402H","volume":"4","author":"F Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo, F. et al. Fabrication of a cubi 2 O 4\/gC 3\u00a0N 4 p\u2013n heterojunction with enhanced visible light photocatalytic efficiency toward Tetracycline degradation. Inorg. Chem. Front. 4 (10), 1714\u20131720 (2017).","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Front."},{"issue":"45","key":"25368_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18952","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC04105D","volume":"15","author":"R Gupta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gupta, R., Majumdar, S., Chowdhury, P. K. & Gupta, R. Visible light mediated photocatalysis by lanthanide metal\u2013organic frameworks: enhanced specificity and mechanistic insights. Chem. Sci. 15 (45), 18952\u201318968 (2024).","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"25368_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2023.172209","volume":"968","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. et al. Photocatalytic activity of CuBi2O4\/WO3 Pn heterojunction photocatalysts in benzyl alcohol oxidation to benzaldehyde. J. Alloys Compd. 968, 172209 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"issue":"20","key":"25368_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14139","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA01200C","volume":"14","author":"S HajimohamadzadehTorkambour","year":"2024","unstructured":"HajimohamadzadehTorkambour, S., Nejad, M. J., Pazoki, F., Karimi, F. & Heydari, A. Synthesis and characterization of a green and recyclable arginine-based palladium\/CoFe 2 O 4 nanomagnetic catalyst for efficient cyanation of Aryl halides. RSC Adv. 14 (20), 14139\u201314151 (2024).","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"40","key":"25368_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22848","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA06847C","volume":"7","author":"H Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, H. et al. Covalent triazine frameworks for carbon dioxide capture. J. Mater. Chem. A. 7 (40), 22848\u201322870 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"8","key":"25368_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE01360J","volume":"16","author":"P Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong, P. et al. Covalent triazine frameworks for advanced energy storage: challenges and new opportunities. Energy Environ. Sci. 16 (8), 3181\u20133213 (2023).","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"25368_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1039\/C9GC03482J","volume":"22","author":"C Krishnaraj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krishnaraj, C., Jena, H. S., Leus, K. & Van Der Voort, P. Covalent triazine frameworks\u2013a sustainable perspective. Green Chem. 22 (4), 1038\u20131071 (2020).","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"issue":"44","key":"25368_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10262","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201900940","volume":"25","author":"Y Byun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Byun, Y., Je, S. H., Talapaneni, S. N. & Coskun A. Advances in porous organic polymers for efficient water capture. Chemistry\u2013A Eur. J. 25 (44), 10262\u201310283 (2019).","journal-title":"Chemistry\u2013A Eur. J."},{"issue":"47","key":"25368_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15694","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c04787","volume":"9","author":"P Costa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Costa, P., Vega-Penaloza, A., Cognigni, L. & Bonchio, M. Light-induced organic transformations by covalent organic frameworks as reticular platforms for selective photosynthesis. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 9 (47), 15694\u201315721 (2021).","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"25368_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708312","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.708312","volume":"9","author":"J Alem\u00e1n","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alem\u00e1n, J. & Mas-Ballest\u00e9, R. Photocatalytic oxidation reactions mediated by covalent organic frameworks and related extended organic materials. Front. Chem. 9, 708312 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"issue":"31","key":"25368_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11516","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c01518","volume":"11","author":"M Jadidi Nejad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jadidi Nejad, M., Heydari, A. & Magnetic, C. O. F. S. Palladium nanoparticles: an efficient and sustainable photocatalyst for carbonylative coupling reactions under CO Gas-Free and Visible-Light irradiation. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 11 (31), 11516\u201311528 (2023).","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"25368_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2020.128165","volume":"275","author":"LS Ribeiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ribeiro, L. S. et al. Rapid microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of CuBi2O4 and its application for the artificial photosynthesis. Mater. Lett. 275, 128165 (2020).","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"25368_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmaterialslett.4c00706","volume":"6","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Wang, E., Zhou, J. & Sun, Z. Heterostructured photocatalysts for water splitting and the interfacial charge transfer. ACS Mater. Lett. 6 (8), 3572\u20133601 (2024).","journal-title":"ACS Mater. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"25368_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trechm.2022.08.005","volume":"4","author":"Y Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Li, S., Chen, M., Zhang, J. & Rosei, F. Carbon-based nanostructures for emerging photocatalysis: CO2 reduction, N2 fixation, and organic conversion. Trends Chem. 4 (11), 984\u20131004 (2022).","journal-title":"Trends Chem."},{"key":"25368_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, S., Chen, Y., Fang, J., Liu, Y. & Lin, Z. Optimizing Photocatalysis Via Electron Spin Control (Chemical Society Reviews, 2025).","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS00317A"},{"key":"25368_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, J., Wu, C. M. & Chung, L. H. Photo-functional 2D metal\u2013organic frameworks for photocatalytic activation of small molecules. Royal Society of Chemistry, 38 (9), 384\u2013434 (2024).","DOI":"10.1039\/BK9781837673551-00384"},{"issue":"2","key":"25368_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2014.08.002","volume":"27","author":"A Elaziouti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elaziouti, A., Laouedj, N., Bekka, A. & Vannier, R. N. Preparation and characterization of p\u2013n heterojunction CuBi2O4\/CeO2 and its photocatalytic activities under UVA light irradiation. J. King Saud University-Science. 27 (2), 120\u2013135 (2015).","journal-title":"J. King Saud University-Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"25368_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-83700-0","volume":"15","author":"M Panachikkool","year":"2025","unstructured":"Panachikkool, M., Aparna, E., Asaithambi, P. & Pandiyarajan, T. Design and numerical simulation of CuBi2O4 solar cells with graphene quantum Dots as hole transport layer under ideal and non-ideal conditions. Sci. Rep. 15 (1), 100 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"30","key":"25368_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2016.06.046","volume":"57","author":"S Devari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Devari, S., Rizvi, M. A. & Shah, B. A. Visible light mediated chemo-selective oxidation of benzylic alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett. 57 (30), 3294\u20133297 (2016).","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"25368_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(99)00217-8","volume":"130","author":"N Serpone","year":"2000","unstructured":"Serpone, N., Salinaro, A., Emeline, A. & Ryabchuk, V. Turnovers and photocatalysis: a mathematical description. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A. 130 (2\u20133), 83\u201394 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"25368_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassanzadeh-Afruzi, F. Turn over number (TON) and turn over frequency (TOF) studies for heterogeneous micro and nanocomposite catalysts. In Heterogeneous Micro and Nanoscale Composites for the Catalysis of Organic Reactions 223\u2013232 (Elsevier, 2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-824527-9.00004-6"},{"key":"25368_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mssp.2022.106499","volume":"142","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Hao, X., Hao, S. & Li, J. Preparation of Pd@ CuBi2O4 photocatalysts and their performance for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol under visible light illumination. Mater. Sci. Semiconduct. Process. 142, 106499 (2022).","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Semiconduct. Process."},{"key":"25368_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2023.115198","volume":"447","author":"X Duan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Duan, X. et al. Gold nanoparticles supported on modified dumbbell shaped Nanorod cluster CuBi2O4 for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol under visible light. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A. 447, 115198 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"25368_CR70","first-page":"113251","volume":"546","author":"AM Djaballah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Djaballah, A. M. et al. Facile Preparation of CuBi2O4\/TiO2 hetero-systems employed for simulated solar-light selective oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol model compound. Mol. Catal. 546, 113251 (2023).","journal-title":"Mol. Catal."},{"issue":"7","key":"25368_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s11243-018-0244-2","volume":"43","author":"M Tavakoli Hafshejani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tavakoli Hafshejani, M., Saeednia, S., Hatefi Ardakani, M. & Pakdin Parizi, Z. A manganese schiff base complex immobilized on copper\u2013ferrite magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and recyclable nanocatalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols. Transition Met. Chem. 43 (7), 579\u2013589 (2018).","journal-title":"Transition Met. Chem."},{"key":"25368_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8907","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-015-1937-1","volume":"41","author":"V Mahdavi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mahdavi, V. & Mardani, M. Mn (Salen) Cl complexes immobilized on SBA-15 functionalized with amine as an efficient, selective and recyclable catalyst for benzyl alcohol oxidation by TBHP: the effects of Mn loading and reaction conditions. Res. Chem. Intermed. 41, 8907\u20138927 (2015).","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermed."},{"key":"25368_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00706-011-0684-2","volume":"143","author":"R Rahimi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rahimi, R., Ghoreishi, S. Z. & Dekamin, M. G. Immobilized metalloporphyrins on 3-aminopropyl-functionalized silica support as heterogeneous catalysts for selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols. Monatshefte f\u00fcr Chemie-Chemical Monthly. 143, 1031\u20131038 (2012).","journal-title":"Monatshefte f\u00fcr Chemie-Chemical Monthly"},{"key":"25368_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2019.107471","volume":"107","author":"NM JamJam","year":"2019","unstructured":"JamJam, N. M., Yap, Y. H. T., Muhamad, E. N., Saiman, M. I. & Saleh, T. A. Free solvent oxidation of molecular benzyl alcohol by newly synthesized AuPd\/titania catalysts. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 107, 107471 (2019).","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25368-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25368-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25368-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T13:04:34Z","timestamp":1763730274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-25368-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["25368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-25368-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"41348"}}