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If neglected, it may result significant visual impairment in individuals aged 60 to 69\u00a0years. The successful cure percentage of retinal detachment critically relies on early-stage diagnosis. If addressed early, almost 90% of people with retinal detachment can recover from vision loss. Consequently, it is imperative to classify retinal detachment patients in an early phase. We developed a novel optimized lightweight multiclass retinal detachment grading model named LightMG-Net, which utilizes the image and feature-oriented handcrafted techniques for best feature analysis and the Grey Wolf Optimization technique for automatic hyperparameter tuning of a lightweight convolutional neural network for multiclass grading of retinal detachment from fundus images. The proposed LightMG-Net model is applied on four commonly utilized online databases, such as the Retinal Image Bank, Cataract Image Dataset, Kaggle, and Eye Disease Retinal Image for validation. The proposed LightMG-Net model achieved the best classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve at 95.42%, 95.10%, 98.90%, and 0.9947, respectively. Experimental outcomes demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over existing baseline methodologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-26152-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T13:35:46Z","timestamp":1764164146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["LightMG-Net: an efficient lightweight deep neural network for multiclass grading of retinal detachment using handcrafted statistical mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sonal","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Murugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balachandra","family":"Pattanaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanveer","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"26152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30505-8","volume":"103","author":"Ophthalmic Procedure Assessment","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ophthalmic Procedure Assessment. 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