{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:07:55Z","timestamp":1764086875929,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taichung Veterans General Hospital \/ Tungs\u2019 Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital","award":["IRB No. 114033,TTMHH-R1130033\/ R1140059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRB No. 114033,TTMHH-R1130033\/ R1140059"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-26153-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1764086597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Honokiol inhibits gastric cancer via tumor microenvironment modulation: a bioinformatics and single-cell analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Szu-I","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu Cheng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsung-Che","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yang","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Jui","family":"Chueh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao-Hsien","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai-Wei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meei-Ling","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"26153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00011-10","volume":"23","author":"LE Wroblewski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wroblewski, L. E., Peek, R. M. & Wilson, K. T. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: factors that modulate disease risk. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 23, 713\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cmr.00011-10 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"26153_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.03.008","volume":"10","author":"T Yasuda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yasuda, T. & Wang, Y. A. Gastric cancer immunosuppressive microenvironment heterogeneity: implications for therapy development. Trends Cancer. 10, 627\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.03.008 (2024).","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"26153_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.8540","volume":"119","author":"S Maeda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maeda, S. et al. H. pylori activates NF-\u03baB through a signaling pathway involving I\u03baB kinases, NF-\u03baB\u2014inducing kinase, TRAF2, and TRAF6 in gastric cancer cells. Gastroenterology 119, 97\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2000.8540 (2000).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"26153_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray, F. et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 74, 229\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834 (2024).","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"26153_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noto, J. M. & Peek, R. M. In Helicobacter species: methods and protocols (ed JeanMarie Houghton) 7\u201310Humana Press, (2012).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-005-2_2"},{"key":"26153_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2013.08.016","volume":"345","author":"F Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, F., Meng, W., Wang, B. & Qiao, L. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation and gastric cancer. Cancer Lett. 345, 196\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2013.08.016 (2014).","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"26153_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-017-0751-4","volume":"21","author":"L Sisic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sisic, L. et al. Postoperative follow-up programs improve survival in curatively resected gastric and junctional cancer patients: a propensity score matched analysis. Gastric Cancer. 21, 552\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10120-017-0751-4 (2018).","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"26153_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(16)30354-3","volume":"388","author":"E Van Cutsem","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Cutsem, E., Sagaert, X., Topal, B., Haustermans, K. & Prenen, H. Gastric cancer. Lancet 388, 2654\u20132664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(16)30354-3 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"26153_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3427","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-1241-4","volume":"39","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. et al. Gastric cancer: genome damaged by Bugs. Oncogene 39, 3427\u20133442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41388-020-1241-4 (2020).","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"26153_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.00.3467","volume":"24","author":"S J\u00fcttner","year":"2006","unstructured":"J\u00fcttner, S. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-D and its receptor VEGFR-3: two novel independent prognostic markers in gastric adenocarcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 24, 228\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2004.00.3467 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"26153_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2440","volume":"11","author":"LE Fried","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fried, L. E. & Arbiser, J. L. Honokiol, a multifunctional antiangiogenic and antitumor agent. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 11, 1139\u20131148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2009.2440 (2009).","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"26153_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.04.004","volume":"144","author":"K Banik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banik, K. et al. Honokiol for cancer therapeutics: a traditional medicine that can modulate multiple oncogenic targets. Pharmacol. Res. 144, 192\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.04.004 (2019).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"26153_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.753","volume":"179","author":"ME Munroe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Munroe, M. E., Arbiser, J. L. & Bishop, G. A. Honokiol, a natural plant product, inhibits inflammatory signals and alleviates inflammatory arthritis. J. Immunol. 179, 753\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.753 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"26153_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-01-0346","volume":"106","author":"K Ishitsuka","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ishitsuka, K. et al. Honokiol overcomes conventional drug resistance in human multiple myeloma by induction of caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis. Blood 106, 1794\u20131800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2005-01-0346 (2005).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"26153_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J\u00f6hrer, K. & \u04aai\u04abek, S. S. Multiple myeloma inhibitory activity of plant natural products. Cancers 13 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13112678 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13112678"},{"key":"26153_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.11.052","volume":"534","author":"P Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, P. et al. Honokiol inhibits the inflammatory reaction during cerebral ischemia reperfusion by suppressing NF-\u03baB activation and cytokine production of glial cells. Neurosci. Lett. 534, 123\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.11.052 (2013).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"26153_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ru, J. et al. TCMSP: a database of systems Pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines. J. Cheminf. 6 (13). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1758-2946-6-13 (2014).","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-6-13"},{"key":"26153_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200223666220211093548","volume":"23","author":"X Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai, X. et al. Recent progress on mass spectrum based approaches for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characterization of traditional Chinese medicine. Curr. Drug Metab. 23, 99\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1389200223666220211093548 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"26153_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154481","volume":"107","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, D., Yang, B. & Shen, Y. Q. Computer especially AI-assisted drug virtual screening and design in traditional Chinese medicine. Phytomedicine 107, 154481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154481 (2022).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"26153_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115726","volume":"301","author":"H Tao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tao, H. et al. A review: pharmacokinetics and Pharmacology of aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids from aconitum species. J. Ethnopharmacol. 301, 115726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115726 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"26153_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4583","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7149","volume":"16","author":"J Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang, J. et al. Identification of the active compounds and significant pathways of Yinchenhao Decoction based on network Pharmacology. Mol. Med. Rep. 16, 4583\u20134592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2017.7149 (2017).","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"issue":"2630357","key":"26153_CR22","first-page":"101155201926303","volume":"2019","author":"Y Tao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tao, Y. et al. Network pharmacology-based prediction of the active compounds, potential targets, and signaling pathways involved in Danshiliuhao granule for treatment of liver fibrosis. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat Med. 2019 (2630357), 10115520192630357 (2019).","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat Med."},{"key":"26153_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W32","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku293","volume":"42","author":"D Gfeller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gfeller, D. et al. SwissTargetPrediction: a web server for target prediction of bioactive small molecules. Nucleic Acids Res. 42, W32\u2013W38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gku293 (2014).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1395","key":"26153_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1388","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa971","volume":"49","author":"S Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, S. et al. PubChem in 2021: new data content and improved web interfaces. Nucleic Acids Res. 49 (1395), D1388\u2013D. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkaa971 (2021).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stelzer, G. et al. The genecards suite: from gene data mining to disease genome sequence analyses. Curr. Protoc. Bioinf. 54 (1.30.1\u20131). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpbi.5 (2016).","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.5"},{"issue":"1262","key":"26153_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1257","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac833","volume":"51","author":"AP Davis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Davis, A. P. et al. Comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD): update 2023. Nucleic Acids Res. 51 (1262), D1257\u2013D. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkac833 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e108","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-17-0307","volume":"77","author":"T Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, T. et al. TIMER: a web server for comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Cancer Res. 77, e108\u2013e110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-17-0307 (2017).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"26153_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052622","volume":"22","author":"\u00c1 Bartha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bartha, \u00c1. & Gy\u0151rffy, B. TNMplot.com: a web tool for the comparison of gene expression in normal, tumor and metastatic tissues. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 2622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22052622 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"26153_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gy\u0151rffy, B. Integrated analysis of public datasets for the discovery and validation of survival-associated genes in solid tumors. Innovation 5, 100625; (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xinn.2024.100625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2024.100625"},{"key":"26153_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D638","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000","volume":"51","author":"D Szklarczyk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Szklarczyk, D. et al. The STRING database in 2023: protein\u2013protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses for any sequenced genome of interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 51, D638\u2013D646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","volume":"13","author":"P Shannon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shannon, P. et al. Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks. Genome Res. 13, 2498\u20132504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.1239303 (2003).","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"26153_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D322","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkj021","volume":"34","author":"Gene Ontology Consortium","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gene Ontology Consortium. The gene ontology (GO) project in 2006. Nucleic Acids Res. 34, D322\u2013D326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkj021 (2006).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. & Goto, S. K. E. G. G. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 27\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27 (2000).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dennis, G. et al. DAVID: database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. Genome Biol. 4 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/gb-2003-4-5-p3 (2003).","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2003-4-5-p3"},{"key":"26153_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"The Gene Ontology Consortium. Expansion of the gene ontology knowledgebase and resources. Nucleic Acids Res. 45 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkw1108 (2017).","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1108"},{"key":"26153_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, D. et al. TISCH: a comprehensive web resource enabling interactive single-cell transcriptome visualization of tumor microenvironment. Nucleic Acids Res. 49 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1020 (2021).","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1020"},{"key":"26153_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-20-1026","volume":"9","author":"F Hong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hong, F. et al. Single-cell analysis of the pan-cancer immune microenvironment and sctime portal. Cancer Immunol. Res. 9, 939\u2013951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-20-1026 (2021).","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"26153_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W556","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz430","volume":"47","author":"Z Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tang, Z., Kang, B., Li, C., Chen, T. & Zhang, Z. GEPIA2: an enhanced web server for large-scale expression profiling and interactive analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 47, W556\u2013W560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkz430 (2019).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"26153_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt285","volume":"29","author":"W Luo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Luo, W. & Brouwer, C. Pathview: an R\/Bioconductor package for pathway-based data integration and visualization. Bioinformatics 29, 1830\u20131831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt285 (2013).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"26153_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.74.3.1452-1461.2006","volume":"74","author":"Y Hirata","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hirata, Y. et al. Helicobacter pylori induces I\u03baB kinase \u03b1 nuclear translocation and chemokine production in gastric epithelial cells. Infect. Immun. 74, 1452\u20131461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.74.3.1452-1461.2006 (2006).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"26153_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.12.008","volume":"56","author":"J Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park, J., Hsueh, P. C., Li, Z. & Ho, P. C. Microenvironment-driven metabolic adaptations guiding CD8(+) T cell anti-tumor immunity. Immunity 56, 32\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.12.008 (2023).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"26153_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4200","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz210","volume":"35","author":"B Ru","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ru, B. et al. TISIDB: an integrated repository portal for tumor\u2013immune system interactions. Bioinformatics 35, 4200\u20134202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz210 (2019).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"26153_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)80406-7","volume":"91","author":"E Zandi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zandi, E., Rothwarf, D. M., Delhase, M., Hayakawa, M. & Karin, M. The IkappaB kinase complex (IKK) contains two kinase subunits, IKKalpha and IKKbeta, necessary for IkappaB phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation. Cell 91, 243\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)80406-7 (1997).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"26153_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13474","volume":"22","author":"KJ Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang, K. J., Kuo, C. H., Chen, S. H., Lin, C. Y. & Lee, Y. R. Honokiol inhibits in vitro and in vivo growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 22, 1894\u20131908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.13474 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"26153_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ong, C. P., Lee, W. L., Tang, Y. Q. & Yap, W. H. Honokiol: a review of its anticancer potential and mechanisms. Cancers 12 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers12010048 (2019).","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010048"},{"key":"26153_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.52","volume":"17","author":"SC Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun, S. C. The non-canonical NF-\u03baB pathway in immunity and inflammation. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 17, 545\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2017.52 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"26153_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.16070","volume":"180","author":"S Debsharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Debsharma, S. et al. Honokiol, an inducer of sirtuin-3, protects against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric mucosal mitochondrial pathology, apoptosis and inflammatory tissue injury. Br. J. Pharmacol. 180, 2317\u20132340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.16070 (2023).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"26153_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1142\/s0192415x24500721","volume":"52","author":"X Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han, X., Cheng, Y., Jiang, Z., Alu, A. & Ma, X. Honokiol exhibits anti-tumor effects in breast cancer by modulating the miR-148a-5p-CYP1B1 axis. Am. J. Chin. Med. 52, 1843\u20131861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0192415x24500721 (2024).","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"26153_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nri910","volume":"2","author":"Q Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li, Q. & Verma, I. M. NF-\u03baB regulation in the immune system. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 725\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri910 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"26153_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2004.09.003","volume":"6","author":"BB Aggarwal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aggarwal, B. B. Nuclear factor-\u03baB: the enemy within. Cancer Cell. 6, 203\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccr.2004.09.003 (2004).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"26153_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2003.08.029","volume":"206","author":"FR Greten","year":"2004","unstructured":"Greten, F. R. & Karin, M. The IKK\/NF-\u03baB activation pathway\u2014a target for prevention and treatment of cancer. Cancer Lett. 206, 193\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2003.08.029 (2004).","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"26153_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2017.4078","volume":"51","author":"RX Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, R. X. et al. BMP7 mediates the anticancer effect of Honokiol by upregulating p53 in HCT116 cells. Int. J. Oncol. 51, 907\u2013917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijo.2017.4078 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"26153_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.74.3.1452-1461.2006","volume":"74","author":"Y Hirata","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hirata, Y. et al. Helicobacter pylori induces IkappaB kinase alpha nuclear translocation and chemokine production in gastric epithelial cells. Infect. Immun. 74, 1452\u20131461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.74.3.1452-1461.2006 (2006).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"26153_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.11.010","volume":"5","author":"M Suzuki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suzuki, M. et al. Helicobacter pylori CagA phosphorylation-independent function in epithelial proliferation and inflammation. Cell. Host Microbe. 5, 23\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2008.11.010 (2009).","journal-title":"Cell. Host Microbe"},{"key":"26153_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04139-y","volume":"79","author":"MCC Lim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lim, M. C. C. et al. A20 undermines alternative NF-\u03baB activity and expression of anti-apoptotic genes in Helicobacter pylori infection. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 79, 102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04139-y (2022).","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26153-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26153-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26153-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:03:18Z","timestamp":1764086598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26153-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["26153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-26153-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"41997"}}