{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:59:51Z","timestamp":1775473191179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32 CA009686"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 CA009686"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS118023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS118023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS118023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS118023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS118023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS118023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS118023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS118023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS118023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS118023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-26411-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T12:55:07Z","timestamp":1764248107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In silico drug sensitivity predicts subgroup-specific therapeutics in medulloblastoma patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Jermakowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luz","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitish","family":"Jangde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Suter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina S.","family":"Kadan-Lottick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nagi G.","family":"Ayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"53","key":"26411_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30189","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23773","volume":"9","author":"Q Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, Q., Dai, Z., Cao, Y. & Wang, L. Comparing children and adults with medulloblastoma: a SEER based analysis. Oncotarget 9 (53), 30189\u201330198 (2018).","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"12","key":"26411_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073815600866","volume":"31","author":"NE Millard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Millard, N. E., De Braganca, K. C. & Medulloblastoma J. Child. Neurol. ;31(12):1341\u20131353. (2016).","journal-title":"J. Child. Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"26411_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.05.005","volume":"31","author":"FMG Cavalli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cavalli, F. M. G. et al. Intertumoral heterogeneity within Medulloblastoma subgroups. Cancer Cell. 31 (6), 737\u201354e6 (2017).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"26411_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.21.00127","volume":"7","author":"N Amayiri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amayiri, N. et al. Molecular subgroup is the strongest predictor of Medulloblastoma outcome in a Resource-Limited country. JCO Global Oncol. 7, 1442\u20131453 (2021).","journal-title":"JCO Global Oncol."},{"issue":"12","key":"26411_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70449-2","volume":"14","author":"V Ramaswamy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ramaswamy, V. et al. Recurrence patterns across Medulloblastoma subgroups: an integrated clinical and molecular analysis. Lancet Oncol. 14 (12), 1200\u20131207 (2013).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"26411_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aba7401","volume":"13","author":"R Endersby","year":"2021","unstructured":"Endersby, R. et al. Small-molecule screen reveals synergy of cell cycle checkpoint kinase inhibitors with DNA-damaging chemotherapies in Medulloblastoma. Sci. Transl Med. 13, 577 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"26411_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0922-z","volume":"123","author":"MD Taylor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taylor, M. D. et al. Molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma: the current consensus. Acta Neuropathol. 123 (4), 465\u2013472 (2012).","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"11","key":"26411_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.28.5148","volume":"29","author":"YJ Cho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cho, Y. J. et al. Integrative genomic analysis of Medulloblastoma identifies a molecular subgroup that drives poor clinical outcome. J. Clin. Oncol. 29 (11), 1424\u20131430 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0223-8","volume":"20","author":"V Hovestadt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hovestadt, V. et al. Medulloblastomics revisited: biological and clinical insights from thousands of patients. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 20 (1), 42\u201356 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"26411_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3838","volume":"49","author":"AS Morrissy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morrissy, A. S. et al. Spatial heterogeneity in Medulloblastoma. Nat. Genet. 49 (5), 780\u2013788 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"7","key":"26411_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.12.66","volume":"12","author":"PA Northcott","year":"2012","unstructured":"Northcott, P. A., Dubuc, A. M., Pfister, S. & Taylor, M. D. Molecular subgroups of Medulloblastoma. Expert Rev. Neurother. 12 (7), 871\u2013884 (2012).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"issue":"11","key":"26411_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.27.4324","volume":"29","author":"PA Northcott","year":"2011","unstructured":"Northcott, P. A. et al. Medulloblastoma comprises four distinct molecular variants. J. Clin. Oncol. 29 (11), 1408\u20131414 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2014.02.004","volume":"25","author":"M Kool","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kool, M. et al. Genome sequencing of SHH Medulloblastoma predicts genotype-related response to smoothened Inhibition. Cancer Cell. 25 (3), 393\u2013405 (2014).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"issue":"9","key":"26411_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26042","volume":"63","author":"L Lafay-Cousin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lafay-Cousin, L. et al. Clinical, Pathological, and molecular characterization of infant Medulloblastomas treated with sequential High-Dose chemotherapy. Pediatr. Blood Cancer. 63 (9), 1527\u20131534 (2016).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a026278","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a026278","volume":"6","author":"V Ramaswamy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramaswamy, V., N\u00f6r, C. & Taylor, M. D. p53 and meduloblastoma. Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Med. 6 (2), a026278 (2015).","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Med."},{"issue":"36","key":"26411_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38827","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5149","volume":"6","author":"SC Clifford","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clifford, S. C. et al. Biomarker-driven stratification of disease-risk in non-metastatic medulloblastoma: results from the multi-center HIT-SIOP-PNET4 clinical trial. Oncotarget 6 (36), 38827\u201338839 (2015).","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0712-y","volume":"12","author":"O Menyh\u00e1rt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Menyh\u00e1rt, O., Giangaspero, F. & Gy\u0151rffy, B. Molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets in non-WNT\/non-SHH (group 3 and group 4) Medulloblastomas. J. Hematol. Oncol. 12 (1), 29 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"26411_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.27906","volume":"9","author":"C Pastori","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pastori, C. et al. BET bromodomain proteins are required for glioblastoma cell proliferation. Epigenetics 9 (4), 611\u2013620 (2014).","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-017-2400-5","volume":"132","author":"EV Dressler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dressler, E. V., Dolecek, T. A., Liu, M. & Villano, J. L. Demographics, patterns of care, and survival in pediatric Medulloblastoma. J. Neurooncol. 132 (3), 497\u2013506 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1215\/S1152851703000462","volume":"6","author":"W Xu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xu, W. et al. Endocrine outcome in children with Medulloblastoma treated with 18 Gy of craniospinal radiation therapy. Neuro Oncol. 6 (2), 113\u2013118 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR21","first-page":"82","volume":"4","author":"M Chevignard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chevignard, M., C\u00e2mara-Costa, H., Doz, F. & Dellatolas, G. Core deficits and quality of survival after childhood medulloblastoma: a review. Neurooncol Pract. 4 (2), 82\u201397 (2017).","journal-title":"Neurooncol Pract."},{"issue":"24","key":"26411_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5511","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.00.703","volume":"23","author":"RK Mulhern","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mulhern, R. K. et al. Neurocognitive consequences of risk-adapted therapy for childhood Medulloblastoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (24), 5511\u20135519 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"26411_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henssen, A. et al. BET bromodomain protein Inhibition is a therapeutic option for Medulloblastoma. Oncotarget ;4. (2013).","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1534"},{"key":"26411_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, B., Hou, F., Ren, C., Bing, P. & Xiao, X. A review of current in Silico methods for repositioning drugs and chemical compounds. Front. Oncol. ;11. (2021).","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.711225"},{"issue":"9","key":"26411_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.09.123","volume":"1","author":"E Dubus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dubus, E., Ijjaali, I., Barberan, O. & Petitet, F. Drug repositioning using in Silico compound profiling. Future Med. Chem. 1 (9), 1723\u20131736 (2009).","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"26411_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002503","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002503","volume":"8","author":"F Cheng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheng, F. et al. Prediction of drug-target interactions and drug repositioning via network-based inference. PLoS Comput. Biol. 8 (5), e1002503 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.08.004","volume":"34","author":"TC Archer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Archer, T. C. et al. Proteomics, Post-translational Modifications, and integrative analyses reveal molecular heterogeneity within Medulloblastoma subgroups. Cancer Cell. 34 (3), 396\u2013410e8 (2018).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"26411_CR28","first-page":"D996","volume":"41","author":"SM Sunkin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sunkin, S. M. et al. Allen brain atlas: an integrated spatio-temporal portal for exploring the central nervous system. Nucleic Acids Res. 41 (Database issue), D996\u2013d1008 (2013).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"26411_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","volume":"43","author":"ME Ritchie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ritchie, M. E. et al. Limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res. 43 (7), e47\u2013e (2015).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"26411_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.10.049","volume":"171","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Subramanian, A. et al. A next generation connectivity map: L1000 platform and the first 1,000,000 profiles. Cell 171 (6), 1437\u201352e17 (2017).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07659-z","volume":"9","author":"V Stathias","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stathias, V. et al. Drug and disease signature integration identifies synergistic combinations in glioblastoma. Nat. Commun. 9 (1), 5315 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"26411_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaker, B. et al. A machine learning-based quantitative model (LogBB_Pred) to predict the blood\u2013brain barrier permeability (logBB value) of drug compounds. Bioinformatics ;39(10). (2023).","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btad577"},{"key":"26411_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Blanco, J. et al. Triptolide and its prodrug Minnelide target high-risk MYC-amplified Medulloblastoma in preclinical models. J. Clin. Invest. ;134(15). (2024).","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI171136"},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-012-0978-1","volume":"110","author":"T Milde","year":"2012","unstructured":"Milde, T. et al. HD-MB03 is a novel group 3 Medulloblastoma model demonstrating sensitivity to histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment. J. Neurooncol. 110 (3), 335\u2013348 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"26411_CR35","first-page":"2347","volume":"50","author":"SH Bigner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bigner, S. H., Friedman, H. S., Vogelstein, B., Oakes, W. J. & Bigner, D. D. Amplification of the c-myc gene in human Medulloblastoma cell lines and Xenografts1. Cancer Res. 50 (8), 2347\u20132350 (1990).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"19","key":"26411_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12686","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C700185200","volume":"283","author":"Y Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li, Y., Zhang, X., Polakiewicz, R. D., Yao, T. P. & Comb, M. J. HDAC6 is required for epidermal growth factor-induced beta-catenin nuclear localization. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (19), 12686\u201312690 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-021-00305-5","volume":"27","author":"H You","year":"2022","unstructured":"You, H. et al. The interaction of canonical Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling with protein lysine acetylation. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 27 (1), 7 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"26411_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0180541","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180541","volume":"12","author":"VV Prabhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Prabhu, V. V. et al. Cancer stem cell-related gene expression as a potential biomarker of response for first-in-class Imipridone ONC201 in solid tumors. PLoS One. 12 (8), e0180541 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-01842-9","volume":"40","author":"SR Pierce","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pierce, S. R. et al. Targeting dopamine receptor D2 as a novel therapeutic strategy in endometrial cancer. J. Experimental Clin. Cancer Res. 40 (1), 61 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Experimental Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.5487\/TR.2017.33.3.211","volume":"33","author":"YS Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park, Y. S., Kwon, Y. J. & Chun, Y. J. CYP1B1 activates Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin signaling through suppression of Herc5-Mediated isgylation for protein degradation on \u03b2-Catenin in HeLa cells. Toxicol. Res. 33 (3), 211\u2013218 (2017).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Res."},{"key":"26411_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36435","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.36435","volume":"7","author":"R Nabeshima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nabeshima, R. et al. Loss of Fam60a, a Sin3a subunit, results in embryonic lethality and is associated with aberrant methylation at a subset of gene promoters. eLife 7, e36435 (2018).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"19","key":"26411_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4957","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1804512115","volume":"115","author":"S Maezawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maezawa, S. et al. Polycomb protein SCML2 facilitates H3K27me3 to Establish bivalent domains in the male germline. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 115 (19), 4957\u20134962 (2018).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1 Suppl 1","key":"26411_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2003.12.014","volume":"31","author":"R Komaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Komaki, R., Liao, Z. & Milas, L. Improvement strategies for molecular targeting: Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors as radiosensitizers for non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol. 31 (1 Suppl 1), 47\u201353 (2004).","journal-title":"Semin Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR44","first-page":"14","volume":"5","author":"M Laube","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laube, M., Kniess, T. & Pietzsch, J. Development of antioxidant COX-2 inhibitors as radioprotective agents for radiation Therapy\u2014A. Hypothesis-Driven Rev. Antioxid. 5 (2), 14 (2016).","journal-title":"Hypothesis-Driven Rev. Antioxid."},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90234-M","volume":"27","author":"BG Haffty","year":"1993","unstructured":"Haffty, B. G. et al. Mitomycin C as an adjunct to postoperative radiation therapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: results from two randomized clinical trials. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 27 (2), 241\u2013250 (1993).","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"issue":"20","key":"26411_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6310","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-4258","volume":"73","author":"SL Markant","year":"2013","unstructured":"Markant, S. L. et al. Targeting Sonic hedgehog-associated Medulloblastoma through Inhibition of Aurora and Polo-like kinases. Cancer Res. 73 (20), 6310\u20136322 (2013).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"26411_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kian, W. et al. Vismodegib as First-Line treatment of mutated Sonic Hedgehog pathway in adult Medulloblastoma. JCO Precision Oncol. (4):437\u2013441. (2020).","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.19.00264"},{"issue":"24","key":"26411_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.60.1591","volume":"33","author":"GW Robinson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robinson, G. W. et al. Vismodegib exerts targeted efficacy against recurrent Sonic Hedgehog-Subgroup medulloblastoma: results from phase II pediatric brain tumor consortium studies PBTC-025B and PBTC-032. J. Clin. Oncol. 33 (24), 2646\u20132654 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"24","key":"26411_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5031","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-0348","volume":"29","author":"KJ Cohen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cohen, K. J. et al. A pilot study omitting radiation in the treatment of children with newly diagnosed Wnt-Activated Medulloblastoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 29 (24), 5031\u20135037 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"24","key":"26411_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4996","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-2331","volume":"29","author":"NG Gottardo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gottardo, N. G. & Gajjar, A. Verschlimmbesserung: craniospinal radiotherapy is essential in WNT Medulloblastoma patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 29 (24), 4996\u20134998 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"26411_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gringmuth, M. et al. Enhanced survival of High-Risk Medulloblastoma-Bearing mice after multimodal treatment with Radiotherapy, Decitabine, and abacavir. Int. J. Mol. Sci. ;23(7). (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073815"},{"key":"26411_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-192","volume":"9","author":"VV Konkankit","year":"2011","unstructured":"Konkankit, V. V. et al. Decitabine immunosensitizes human gliomas to NY-ESO-1 specific T lymphocyte targeting through the Fas\/Fas ligand pathway. J. Transl Med. 9, 192 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Transl Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"26411_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-022-10166-7","volume":"39","author":"S Qiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiu, S., Fraser, S. P., Pires, W. & Djamgoz, M. B. A. Anti-invasive effects of Minoxidil on human breast cancer cells: combination with Ranolazine. Clin. Exp. Metastasis. 39 (4), 679\u2013689 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2536802","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2025.2536802","volume":"32","author":"V Mohammadzadeh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mohammadzadeh, V. et al. Enhancing targeted delivery and efficacy of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin with liposomal minoxidil: comprehensive in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tumor model studies. Drug Deliv. 32 (1), 2536802 (2025).","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"26411_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2023.100894","volume":"39","author":"HM Jeon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeon, H. M. et al. Dopamine receptor D2 regulates glioblastoma survival and death through MET and death receptor 4\/5. Neoplasia 39, 100894 (2023).","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"26411_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2021.12.002","volume":"243","author":"HH Ciou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ciou, H. H. et al. Repurposing gestrinone for tumor suppressor through P21 reduction regulated by JNK in gynecological cancer. Transl Res. 243, 21\u201332 (2022).","journal-title":"Transl Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"26411_CR57","first-page":"2705","volume":"31","author":"RW Johnson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Johnson, R. W. et al. 6-Thioguanine Inhibition of parathyroid hormone-related protein expression is mediated by GLI2. Anticancer Res. 31 (9), 2705\u20132712 (2011).","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2020.01.012","volume":"51","author":"FN Kac\u0131","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kac\u0131, F. N., Kiraz, Y., \u00c7ekdemir, D. & Baran, Y. Synergistic apoptotic effects of bortezomib and Methylstat on multiple myeloma cells. Arch. Med. Res. 51 (3), 187\u2013193 (2020).","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-025-00874-z","volume":"32","author":"FM Schwarz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schwarz, F. M. et al. Methylstat sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to PARP-inhibition by targeting the histone demethylases JMJD1B\/C. Cancer Gene Ther. 32 (3), 286\u2013296 (2025).","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"26411_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aba4627","volume":"13","author":"S Chrysostomou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chrysostomou, S. et al. Repurposed Floxacins targeting RSK4 prevent chemoresistance and metastasis in lung and bladder cancer. Sci. Transl Med. 13, 602 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24675","volume":"61","author":"MR Pambid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pambid, M. R. et al. Overcoming resistance to Sonic Hedgehog Inhibition by targeting p90 ribosomal S6 kinase in pediatric Medulloblastoma. Pediatr. Blood Cancer. 61 (1), 107\u2013115 (2014).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"26411_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.02.027","volume":"17","author":"J Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim, J. et al. Itraconazole, a commonly used antifungal that inhibits Hedgehog pathway activity and cancer growth. Cancer Cell. 17 (4), 388\u2013399 (2010).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"issue":"7","key":"26411_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.28912","volume":"10","author":"R Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu, R. et al. Itraconazole suppresses the growth of glioblastoma through induction of autophagy: involvement of abnormal cholesterol trafficking. Autophagy 10 (7), 1241\u20131255 (2014).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"issue":"6","key":"26411_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e010714","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2024-010714","volume":"13","author":"L Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao, L. et al. Dexmedetomidine induces Immunogenic cancer cell death and sensitizes tumors to PD-1 Blockade. J. Immunother. Cancer. 13 (6), e010714 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"26411_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520621666210805125426","volume":"22","author":"PK Mohapatra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohapatra, P. K., Srivastava, R., Varshney, K. K. & Babu, S. H. Formulation and evaluation of Isradipine nanosuspension and exploring its role as a potential anticancer drug by computational approach. Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 22 (10), 1984\u20132001 (2022).","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600820302","volume":"82","author":"G Gamboa-Vujicic","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gamboa-Vujicic, G., Emma, D. A., Liao, S. Y., Fuchtner, C. & Manetta, A. Toxicity of the mitochondrial poison dequalinium chloride in a murine model system. J. Pharm. Sci. 82 (3), 231\u2013235 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"26411_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cipolletti, M. et al. A new Anti-Estrogen discovery platform identifies FDA-Approved imidazole Anti-Fungal drugs as bioactive compounds against ER\u03b1 expressing breast cancer cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. ;22(6). (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22062915"},{"issue":"19","key":"26411_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1201735","volume":"367","author":"SF Nielsen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nielsen, S. F., Nordestgaard, B. G. & Bojesen, S. E. Statin use and reduced Cancer-Related mortality. N. Engl. J. Med. 367 (19), 1792\u20131802 (2012).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-020-00805-0","volume":"22","author":"H Hammoud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hammoud, H. et al. Drug repurposing in medulloblastoma: challenges and recommendations. Curr. Treat. Options Oncol. 22 (1), 6 (2020).","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"issue":"5","key":"26411_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-010-0063-5","volume":"1","author":"C Giambelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Giambelli, C., Fei, D. L., Wang, H. & Robbins, D. J. Repurposing an old anti-fungal drug as a Hedgehog inhibitor. Protein Cell. 1 (5), 417\u2013418 (2010).","journal-title":"Protein Cell."},{"issue":"3","key":"26411_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.02.002","volume":"27","author":"SX Atwood","year":"2015","unstructured":"Atwood, S. X. et al. Smoothened variants explain the majority of drug resistance in basal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell. 27 (3), 342\u2013353 (2015).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"issue":"6","key":"26411_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1588","volume":"22","author":"C Danial","year":"2016","unstructured":"Danial, C., Sarin, K. Y., Oro, A. E. & Chang, A. L. An Investigator-Initiated Open-Label trial of sonidegib in advanced basal cell carcinoma patients resistant to vismodegib. Clin. Cancer Res. 22 (6), 1325\u20131329 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"5795","key":"26411_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132939","volume":"313","author":"J Lamb","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lamb, J. et al. The connectivity map: using Gene-Expression signatures to connect small Molecules, Genes, and disease. Science 313 (5795), 1929\u20131935 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"26411_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-6-56","volume":"6","author":"M Chang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chang, M., Smith, S., Thorpe, A., Barratt, M. J. & Karim, F. Evaluation of phenoxybenzamine in the CFA model of pain following gene expression studies and connectivity mapping. Mol. Pain. 6, 1744\u20138069 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"26411_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"March-Vila, E. et al. On the integration of in Silico drug design methods for drug repurposing. Front. Pharmacol. ;8. (2017).","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00298"},{"key":"26411_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00218","volume":"9","author":"SK Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan, S. K. et al. Drug repositioning in glioblastoma: A pathway perspective. Front. Pharmacol. 9, 218 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"26411_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2016.4074","volume":"11","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee, J. K., Nam, D. H. & Lee, J. Repurposing antipsychotics as glioblastoma therapeutics: potentials and challenges. Oncol. Lett. 11 (2), 1281\u20131286 (2016).","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"26411_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio873","volume":"3","author":"P Diamandis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Diamandis, P. et al. Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells. Nat. Chem. Biol. 3 (5), 268\u2013273 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"45","key":"26411_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74380","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11814","volume":"7","author":"JE Allen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allen, J. E. et al. Discovery and clinical introduction of first-in-class Imipridone ONC201. Oncotarget 7 (45), 74380\u201374392 (2016).","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"26411_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.119.256818","volume":"370","author":"JS Weissenrieder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weissenrieder, J. S., Neighbors, J. D., Mailman, R. B. & Hohl, R. J. Cancer and the dopamine D(2) receptor: A Pharmacological perspective. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 370 (1), 111\u2013126 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"45","key":"26411_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79298","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17837","volume":"8","author":"I Arrillaga-Romany","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arrillaga-Romany, I. et al. A phase 2 study of the first Imipridone ONC201, a selective DRD2 antagonist for oncology, administered every three weeks in recurrent glioblastoma. Oncotarget 8 (45), 79298\u201379304 (2017).","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"26411_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Z. & Langhans, S. A. In Vivo and ex vivo pediatric brain tumor models: an overview. Front. Oncol. ;11. (2021).","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.620831"},{"key":"26411_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2016.07.028","volume":"236","author":"DP Ivanov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ivanov, D. P., Coyle, B., Walker, D. A. & Grabowska, A. M. In vitro models of medulloblastoma: choosing the right tool for the job. J. Biotechnol. 236, 10\u201325 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26411-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26411-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26411-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T14:03:00Z","timestamp":1764252180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26411-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["26411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-26411-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42373"}}