{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T03:08:12Z","timestamp":1789268892374,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-26622-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T12:44:39Z","timestamp":1766321079000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Decoding the relationships among miRNA, HPV infection, and tumor suppressor gene expression in breast cancer patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zana","family":"Naderi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malihe","family":"Hamidzade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir Hossein","family":"Yari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanieh","family":"Safarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javid Sadri","family":"Nahand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzieh","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7547-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Moghoofei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"26622_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung, H., et al., Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer J. or Clinicians, 2021. 71(3): 209\u2013249.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"26622_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5286-0","volume":"19","author":"N Khodabandehlou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khodabandehlou, N. et al. Human papilloma virus and breast cancer: the role of inflammation and viral expressed proteins. BMC Cancer 19, 1\u201311 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR3","first-page":"196","volume":"14","author":"M Kami\u0144ska","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kami\u0144ska, M. et al. Breast cancer risk factors. Menopause Review\/Przegl\u0105d Menopauzalny 14(3), 196\u2013202 (2015).","journal-title":"Menopause Review\/Przegl\u0105d Menopauzalny"},{"issue":"12","key":"26622_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21731","volume":"118","author":"DM Parkin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Parkin, D. M. The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002. Int. J. Cancer 118(12), 3030\u20133044 (2006).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"26622_CR5","unstructured":"Amjad, Z.S., et al., Oncoviruses: Induction of cancer development and metastasis by increasing anoikis resistance. Heliyon, 2023."},{"issue":"11","key":"26622_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.14021","volume":"26","author":"S Mostafaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mostafaei, S. et al. The role of Epstein-Barr virus-expressed genes in breast cancer development. Breast J. 26(11), 2323\u20132326 (2020).","journal-title":"Breast J."},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.02.003","volume":"15","author":"RS Goldszmid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goldszmid, R. S., Dzutsev, A. & Trinchieri, G. Host immune response to infection and cancer: Unexpected commonalities. Cell Host Microbe 15(3), 295\u2013305 (2014).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"6","key":"26622_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101042831770363","DOI":"10.1177\/1010428317703634","volume":"39","author":"A Etemadi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Etemadi, A. et al. Detection and a possible link between parvovirus B19 and thyroid cancer. Tumor Biology 39(6), 1010428317703634 (2017).","journal-title":"Tumor Biology"},{"key":"26622_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106913","volume":"88","author":"J Sadri Nahand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sadri Nahand, J. et al. The assessment of a possible link between HPV-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in Prostate cancer. Int. Immunopharmacol. 88, 106913 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"26622_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"27","author":"C Karachalios","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karachalios, C. et al. Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol. Lett. 27(2), 1\u20137 (2024).","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"26622_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Awan, U.A., et al., An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis. Front. Oncol., 2023. 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1219161"},{"key":"26622_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.154653","volume":"248","author":"ZMS Haghighi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haghighi, Z. M. S. et al. Human papillomavirus maybe is a critical player in the regulation of chemoresistance related factors (P53, Rb, TWIST, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, c-IAP2, cytochrome C, and caspase 3) in breast cancer. Pathology-Res. Pract. 248, 154653 (2023).","journal-title":"Pathology-Res. Pract."},{"key":"26622_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01836955","volume":"21","author":"A Di Lonardo","year":"1992","unstructured":"Di Lonardo, A., Venuti, A. & Marcante, M. L. Human papillomavirus in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 21, 95\u2013100 (1992).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"26622_CR14","unstructured":"David, M. and M. Knipe, Fields Virology. 6th Editio. 2013, Philadelphia PA, USA."},{"issue":"2","key":"26622_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2013.08.007","volume":"32","author":"S Ljubojevic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ljubojevic, S. & Skerlev, M. HPV-associated diseases. Clin. Dermatol. 32(2), 227\u2013234 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR16","first-page":"765","volume":"27","author":"EF Dunne","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dunne, E. F. & Park, I. U. HPV and HPV-associated diseases. Infect. Dis. Clin. 27(4), 765\u2013778 (2013).","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin."},{"key":"26622_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106913","volume":"88","author":"JS Nahand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nahand, J. S. et al. The assessment of a possible link between HPV-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in Prostate cancer. Int. Immunopharmacol. 88, 106913 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"26622_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602778","volume":"93","author":"C Kan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kan, C. et al. Identification of human papillomavirus DNA gene sequences in human breast cancer. Br. J. Cancer 93(8), 946\u2013948 (2005).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"26622_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc798","volume":"2","author":"H Zur Hausen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zur Hausen, H. Papillomaviruses and cancer: From basic studies to clinical application. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2(5), 342\u2013350 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"26622_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-009-0412-8","volume":"40","author":"R Ghittoni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ghittoni, R. et al. The biological properties of E6 and E7 oncoproteins from human papillomaviruses. Virus Genes 40, 1\u201313 (2010).","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"26622_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104692","volume":"150","author":"BM Hussen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hussen, B. M. et al. The role of HPV gene expression and selected cellular MiRNAs in lung cancer development. Microb. Pathog. 150, 104692 (2021).","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"issue":"23","key":"26622_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.182100","volume":"14","author":"S Jackson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jackson, S. et al. Role of Bak in UV-induced apoptosis in skin cancer and abrogation by HPV E6 proteins. Genes Dev. 14(23), 3065\u20133073 (2000).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"issue":"6","key":"26622_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2005.37.6.319","volume":"37","author":"E-K Yim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yim, E.-K. & Park, J.-S. The role of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. Treat.: Off. J. Korean Cancer Assoc. 37(6), 319 (2005).","journal-title":"Cancer Res. Treat.: Off. J. Korean Cancer Assoc."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2012-101339","volume":"50","author":"V Bubien","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bubien, V. et al. High cumulative risks of cancer in patients with PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome. J. Med. Genet. 50(4), 255\u2013263 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"26622_CR25","unstructured":"Chu, E.C. and A.S. Tarnawski, PTEN regulatory functions in tumor suppression and cell biology. Med. Sci. Monitor: Int. Med. J. Experimental Clin. Res., 2004. 10(10): RA235\u201341."},{"key":"26622_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-602","volume":"13","author":"SI Chiosea","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chiosea, S. I. et al. PIK3CA, HRAS and PTEN in human papillomavirus positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 13, 1\u20137 (2013).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"26622_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.559543","volume":"10","author":"J-Y Tang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tang, J.-Y. et al. HPV 16 E6\/E7 promote the glucose uptake of GLUT1 in lung cancer through downregulation of TXNIP due to inhibition of PTEN phosphorylation. Front. Oncol. 10, 559543 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"41","key":"26622_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5443","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.241","volume":"27","author":"Y Yin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yin, Y. & Shen, W. PTEN: A new guardian of the genome. Oncogene 27(41), 5443\u20135453 (2008).","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"5","key":"26622_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3330","volume":"13","author":"MS Song","year":"2012","unstructured":"Song, M. S., Salmena, L. & Pandolfi, P. P. The functions and regulation of the PTEN tumour suppressor. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 13(5), 283\u2013296 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90540-1","volume":"79","author":"CJ Sherr","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sherr, C. J. G1 phase progression: Cycling on cue. Cell 79(4), 551\u2013555 (1994).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"38","key":"26622_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6115","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206868","volume":"22","author":"G Moreno-Bueno","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moreno-Bueno, G. et al. Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) mutations in endometrial cancer. Oncogene 22(38), 6115\u20136118 (2003).","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"11","key":"26622_CR32","first-page":"2585","volume":"4","author":"P Cattani","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cattani, P. et al. Association between cyclin D1 (CCND1) gene amplification and human papillomavirus infection in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res.: Off. J. Am Ass. Cancer Res. 4(11), 2585\u20132589 (1998).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res.: Off. J. Am Ass. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"26622_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1910","volume":"38","author":"K Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, K. & Rajewsky, N. Natural selection on human microRNA binding sites inferred from SNP data. Nat. Genet. 38(12), 1452\u20131456 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0045-7","volume":"20","author":"LF Gebert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gebert, L. F. & MacRae, I. J. Regulation of microRNA function in animals. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 20(1), 21\u201337 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"26622_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.103063","volume":"153","author":"S Rezaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rezaei, S. et al. Autophagy-related MicroRNAs in chronic lung diseases and lung cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 153, 103063 (2020).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"issue":"09","key":"26622_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl-2018-0055","volume":"13","author":"M Moghoofei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moghoofei, M. et al. microRNAs 29, 150, 155, 223 level and their relation to viral and immunological markers in HIV-1 infected naive patients. Futur. Virol. 13(09), 637\u2013645 (2018).","journal-title":"Futur. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2019-0192","volume":"12","author":"JS Nahand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nahand, J. S. et al. Exosomal miRNAs: Novel players in viral infection. Epigenomics 12(4), 353\u2013370 (2020).","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"26622_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105503","volume":"166","author":"A Khatami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khatami, A. et al. Human papilloma virus (HPV) and prostate cancer (PCa): The potential role of HPV gene expression and selected cellular MiRNAs in PCa development. Microb. Pathog. 166, 105503 (2022).","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"issue":"2","key":"26622_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2018.4282","volume":"38","author":"F You","year":"2019","unstructured":"You, F. et al. miRNA-106a promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion through inhibiting apoptosis and chemosensitivity. DNA Cell Biol. 38(2), 198\u2013207 (2019).","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2019.1616765","volume":"127","author":"M Swellam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Swellam, M. et al. Serum MiRNA-27a as potential diagnostic nucleic marker for breast cancer. Arch Physiol Biochem 127(1), 90\u201396 (2021).","journal-title":"Arch Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"26622_CR41","first-page":"8044","volume":"12","author":"M Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen, M., Zang, M. & Guo, X. MicroRNA-106a-5p functions as an oncogene via regulating PTEN in breast cancer cells. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med 12, 8044\u20138056 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med"},{"key":"26622_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mgene.2019.100614","volume":"24","author":"E Bozgeyik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bozgeyik, E. MicroRNA-17-5p targets expression of cancer-associated genes in breast cancer cells. Meta Gene 24, 100614 (2020).","journal-title":"Meta Gene"},{"issue":"21","key":"26622_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8191","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00242-06","volume":"26","author":"A Hossain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hossain, A., Kuo, M. T. & Saunders, G. F. Mir-17-5p regulates breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting translation of AIB1 mRNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26(21), 8191\u20138201 (2006).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93208-6","volume":"11","author":"MJ Stoen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stoen, M. J. et al. High expression of miR-17-5p in tumor epithelium is a predictor for poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 13864 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-01005-5","volume":"8","author":"W Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, W. et al. Regulatory mechanism of miR-20a-5p expression in Cancer. Cell Death Discovery 8(1), 262 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12726","volume":"44","author":"Y Qi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qi, Y. et al. Prognostic value of the MicroRNA-29 family in multiple human cancers: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 44(4), 441\u2013454 (2017).","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2020.1749085","volume":"128","author":"E Ali Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali Ahmed, E. et al. Clinical role of MiRNA 29a and MiRNA 335 on breast cancer management: Their relevance to MMP2 protein level. Arch Physiol Biochem 128(4), 1058\u20131065 (2022).","journal-title":"Arch Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"26622_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.03.040","volume":"407","author":"ME Forrest","year":"2017","unstructured":"Forrest, M. E. & Khalil, A. M. Review: Regulation of the cancer epigenome by long non-coding RNAs. Cancer Lett. 407, 106\u2013112 (2017).","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"26622_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13342","volume":"108","author":"Y Kondo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kondo, Y., Shinjo, K. & Katsushima, K. Long non-coding RNAs as an epigenetic regulator in human cancers. Cancer Sci. 108(10), 1927\u20131933 (2017).","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"26622_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beckedorff, Felipe C., et al., Long non-coding RNAs and their implications in cancer epigenetics. Biosci. Rep., 2013. 33(4).","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20130054"},{"issue":"5","key":"26622_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2021.100709","volume":"45","author":"M Swellam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Swellam, M. et al. Clinical impact of LncRNA XIST and LncRNA NEAT1 for diagnosis of high-risk group breast cancer patients. Curr. Probl. Cancer 45(5), 100709 (2021).","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604502","volume":"99","author":"N Khan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Khan, N. et al. Human papillomavirus detected in female breast carcinomas in Japan. Br. J. Cancer 99(3), 408\u2013414 (2008).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"26622_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2006.03.005","volume":"39","author":"C Kroupis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kroupis, C. et al. Presence of high-risk human papillomavirus sequences in breast cancer tissues and association with histopathological characteristics. Clin. Biochem. 39(7), 727\u2013731 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.1.87","volume":"275","author":"K Webster","year":"2000","unstructured":"Webster, K. et al. The human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E2 protein induces apoptosis in the absence of other HPV proteins and via a p53-dependent pathway. J Biol Chem 275(1), 87\u201394 (2000).","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"26622_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-453","volume":"8","author":"M Jang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jang, M. et al. Gene expression profiles are altered in human papillomavirus-16 E6 D25E-expressing cell lines. Virol J 8, 453 (2011).","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"issue":"8","key":"26622_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10439","volume":"94","author":"F Wang-Johanning","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang-Johanning, F. et al. Quantitation of human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 DNA and RNA in residual material from ThinPrep Papanicolaou tests using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Cancer 94(8), 2199\u20132210 (2002).","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. & Goto, S. KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 28(1), 27\u201330 (2000).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"26622_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3715","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. Toward understanding the origin and evolution of cellular organisms. Protein Sci 28(11), 1947\u20131951 (2019).","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"issue":"D1","key":"26622_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D587","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac963","volume":"51","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanehisa, M. et al. KEGG for taxonomy-based analysis of pathways and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 51(D1), D587-d592 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"D1","key":"26622_CR60","first-page":"D148","volume":"48","author":"HY Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang, H. Y. et al. miRTarBase 2020: updates to the experimentally validated microRNA-target interaction database. Nucleic Acids Res 48(D1), D148-d154 (2020).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"26622_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2022.01.001","volume":"25","author":"DS Chandrashekar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chandrashekar, D. S. et al. UALCAN: An update to the integrated cancer data analysis platform. Neoplasia 25, 18\u201327 (2022).","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"issue":"8","key":"26622_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2017.05.002","volume":"19","author":"DS Chandrashekar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chandrashekar, D. S. et al. UALCAN: A portal for facilitating tumor subgroup gene expression and survival analyses. Neoplasia 19(8), 649\u2013658 (2017).","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"26622_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2022.08.010","volume":"66","author":"M Arnold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnold, M. et al. Current and future burden of breast cancer: Global statistics for 2020 and 2040. The Breast 66, 15\u201323 (2022).","journal-title":"The Breast"},{"issue":"2","key":"26622_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2023.14208","volume":"27","author":"C Karachalios","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karachalios, C. et al. Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol. Lett. 27(2), 75 (2023).","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"26622_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219161","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1219161","volume":"13","author":"UA Awan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Awan, U. A. et al. An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 13, 1219161 (2023).","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31823c712e","volume":"22","author":"PW Sim\u00f5es","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sim\u00f5es, P. W. et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in breast cancer: A systematic review. Int J Gynecol Cancer 22(3), 343\u2013347 (2012).","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"17","key":"26622_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37027","volume":"10","author":"G Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao, G., Chang, J. & Wei, K. Correlation between breast cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Heliyon 10(17), e37027 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"7","key":"26622_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-01020-1","volume":"55","author":"X Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu, X. et al. Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in cancer: from the impacts and mechanisms to the treatment potential. Exp. Mol. Med. 55(7), 1357\u20131370 (2023).","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"26622_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9122648","volume":"9","author":"FI Montalto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Montalto, F. I. & De Amicis, F. Cyclin D1 in cancer: a molecular connection for cell cycle control, adhesion and invasion in tumor and stroma. Cells 9(12), 2648 (2020).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2021.02.002","volume":"9","author":"SK Sagar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sagar, S. K. miR-106b as an emerging therapeutic target in cancer. Genes Diseases 9(4), 889\u2013899 (2022).","journal-title":"Genes Diseases"},{"issue":"20","key":"26622_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11135","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222011135","volume":"22","author":"PL Farr\u00e9","year":"2021","unstructured":"Farr\u00e9, P. L. et al. MiR-106b-5p: A master regulator of potential biomarkers for breast cancer aggressiveness and prognosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22(20), 11135 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69252-3","volume":"14","author":"L Derkyi-Kwarteng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Derkyi-Kwarteng, L. et al. A retrospective analysis suggests PTEN expression is associated with favorable clinicopathological features of breast cancer. Sci. Rep. 14(1), 21645 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25022","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-75557-0","volume":"14","author":"ES Tylden","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tylden, E. S. et al. Roles of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer based on the clinical and multi-omic (CAMO) cohort and in vitro studies. Sci. Rep. 14(1), 25022 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.81847","volume":"13","author":"C Marvalim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marvalim, C., Datta, A. & Lee, S. C. Role of p53 in breast cancer progression: An insight into p53 targeted therapy. Theranostics 13(4), 1421 (2023).","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"2","key":"26622_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.01.007","volume":"6","author":"A Shahbandi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shahbandi, A., Nguyen, H. D. & Jackson, J. G. TP53 mutations and outcomes in breast cancer: Reading beyond the headlines. Trends Cancer 6(2), 98\u2013110 (2020).","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12040792","volume":"12","author":"J Novotn\u00fd","year":"2020","unstructured":"Novotn\u00fd, J. et al. Analysis of HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and paired normal mucosae reveals cyclin D1 deregulation and compensatory effect of cyclin D2. Cancers 12(4), 792 (2020).","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s10911-022-09516-8","volume":"27","author":"M Valla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Valla, M. et al. CCND1 amplification in breast cancer-associations with proliferation, histopathological grade, molecular subtype and prognosis. J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia 27(1), 67\u201377 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia"},{"key":"26622_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farooqi, A.A., et al. Epigenetic deregulation in cancer: Enzyme players and non-coding RNAs. in Seminars in cancer biology. 2022. Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.07.013"},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15075","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42022-3","volume":"13","author":"BA Mir","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mir, B. A. et al. Increased expression of HPV-E7 oncoprotein correlates with a reduced level of pRb proteins via high viral load in cervical cancer. Sci. Rep. 13(1), 15075 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"24","key":"26622_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2014.10.021","volume":"426","author":"AL Jansma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jansma, A. L. et al. The high-risk HPV16 E7 oncoprotein mediates interaction between the transcriptional coactivator CBP and the retinoblastoma protein pRb. J. Mol. Biol. 426(24), 4030\u20134048 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"26622_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Z.-M. and X. Wang, Regulation of cellular miRNA expression by human papillomaviruses. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Regulatory Mech., 2011. 1809(11\u201312): 668\u2013677.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2011.05.005"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041461","volume":"21","author":"G Lopez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopez, G. et al. PTEN expression as a complementary biomarker for mismatch repair testing in breast cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(4), 1461 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.124721","volume":"33","author":"S Bose","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bose, S. et al. Reduced expression of PTEN correlates with breast cancer progression. Hum. Pathol. 33(4), 405\u2013409 (2002).","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR84","first-page":"1389","volume":"35","author":"C Aderhold","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aderhold, C. et al. Small molecules alter vegfr and pten expression in HPV-positive and-negative scc: New hope for targeted-therapy. Anticancer Res. 35(3), 1389\u20131399 (2015).","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"26622_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10030262","volume":"10","author":"A Medda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Medda, A., Duca, D. & Chiocca, S. Human papillomavirus and cellular pathways: hits and targets. Pathogens 10(3), 262 (2021).","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"26622_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1260-6","volume":"38","author":"X Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao, X. et al. PTENP1\/miR-20a\/PTEN axis contributes to breast cancer progression by regulating PTEN via PI3K\/AKT pathway. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 38, 1\u201314 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"26622_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164701","volume":"11","author":"D Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao, D. et al. miRNA expression profiles of HPV-infected patients with cervical cancer in the Uyghur population in China. PLoS ONE 11(10), e0164701 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-02396-8","volume":"21","author":"HE Marei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marei, H. E. et al. p53 signaling in cancer progression and therapy. Cancer Cell Int. 21(1), 703 (2021).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"26622_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, S.A., et al., p53 protein expression patterns associated with TP53 mutations in breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 2024: p. 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-024-07357-z"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100100","volume":"36","author":"S Mueller","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mueller, S. et al. p53 expression in luminal breast cancer correlates with TP53 mutation and primary endocrine resistance. Mod. Pathol. 36(4), 100100 (2023).","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01863-9","volume":"22","author":"H Qayoom","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qayoom, H. et al. Targeting mutant p53: a key player in breast cancer pathogenesis and beyond. Cell Commun. Signaling 22(1), 484 (2024).","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signaling"},{"issue":"1","key":"26622_CR92","first-page":"6315392","volume":"2017","author":"Y-W Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, Y.-W. et al. HPV status and its correlation with BCL2, p21, p53, Rb, and survivin expression in breast cancer in a Chinese population. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017(1), 6315392 (2017).","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"26622_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, G., J. Chang, and K. Wei, Correlation between breast cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Heliyon, 2024. 10(17).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37027"},{"key":"26622_CR94","unstructured":"Chen, J. and K.-N. Zhao, HPV-p53-miR-34a axis in HPV-associated cancers. Annals of Translational Medicine, 2015. 3(21)."},{"key":"26622_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.03.154","volume":"102","author":"X Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, X. Up-regulation of miR-20a by HPV16 E6 exerts growth-promoting effects by targeting PDCD6 in cervical carcinoma cells. Biomed. Pharmacother. 102, 996\u20131002 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"6","key":"26622_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2230","volume":"31","author":"A Cruz-Gregorio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cruz-Gregorio, A. & Aranda-Rivera, A. K. Redox-sensitive signalling pathways regulated by human papillomavirus in HPV-related cancers. Rev. Med. Virol. 31(6), e2230 (2021).","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"26622_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-019-05192-1","volume":"176","author":"J Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee, J. et al. miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p could predict recurrence and progression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ based on the transforming growth factor-beta pathway. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 176, 119\u2013130 (2019).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"issue":"47","key":"26622_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7199","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.7199","volume":"14","author":"G-Y Liu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liu, G.-Y. et al. Tissue array for Tp53, C-myc, CCND1 gene over-expression in different tumors. World J Gastroenterol: WJG 14(47), 7199 (2008).","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol: WJG"},{"key":"26622_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-4753-7","volume":"170","author":"MJ Duffy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Duffy, M. J., Synnott, N. C. & Crown, J. Mutant p53 in breast cancer: Potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 170, 213\u2013219 (2018).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"issue":"9","key":"26622_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11091401","volume":"11","author":"L Carbognin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carbognin, L. et al. Prognostic and predictive implications of PTEN in breast cancer: unfulfilled promises but intriguing perspectives. Cancers 11(9), 1401 (2019).","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"15","key":"26622_CR101","first-page":"17217","volume":"9","author":"C Alavanda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alavanda, C. et al. BRCA mutations and MicroRNA expression patterns in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients. ACS Omega 9(15), 17217\u201317228 (2024).","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"4","key":"26622_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2022.13494","volume":"24","author":"N-Q Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, N.-Q. et al. Cyclin genes as potential novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Oncol. Lett. 24(4), 1\u201313 (2022).","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"26622_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.05.031","volume":"29","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Upregulation of miR-520c-3p via hepatitis B virus drives hepatocellular migration and invasion by the PTEN\/AKT\/NF-\u03baB axis. Mole. Therapy - Nucleic Acids 29, 47\u201363 (2022).","journal-title":"Mole. Therapy - Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"26622_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sen, A., et al., Gene Therapy and Gene Editing: Current Trends and Future Prospects of Molecular Medicine. Curr Gene Ther, 2025.","DOI":"10.2174\/0115665232347734250211074241"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26622-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26622-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26622-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T12:03:03Z","timestamp":1766404983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-26622-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["26622"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-26622-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7269105\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the ethics committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran under the ethics code of IR.KUMS.MED.REC.1402.174.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All subjects (or the person who has the care and custody of the child) signed an informed consent form to participate in the study and a consent form for publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Patient consent"}}],"article-number":"44247"}}