{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T01:05:32Z","timestamp":1773882332184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-27426-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T15:58:00Z","timestamp":1765209480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnostic value, sensitivity and specificity of CT, MRI, and PET in evaluation of cartilage invasion in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Simon E.","family":"Thurnheer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niels J.","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Balermpas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin W.","family":"H\u00fcllner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9goire B.","family":"Morand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"27426_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WolfGT et al. Induction chemotherapy plus radiation compared with surgery plus radiation in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. N Engl. J. Med. 324, 1685\u20131690 (1991).","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199106133242402"},{"key":"27426_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forastiere, A. A. et al. Long-term results of RTOG 91\u2009\u2013\u200911: a comparison of three nonsurgical treatment strategies to preserve the larynx in patients with locally advanced larynx cancer. 31. J. Clin. Oncol. 845\u2013852. (2013).","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.43.6097"},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.03.004","volume":"92(3)","author":"S Grover","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grover, S. et al. Total laryngectomy versus larynx preservation for t4a larynx cancer: patterns of care and survival outcomes. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 92(3) (1), 594\u2013601 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"27426_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brierley, J., Gospodarowicz, M. K. & Wittekind, C. (eds) TNM Classification of Malignant tumours. Eighth Edition 253 (Wiley Blackwell, 2017).","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471420194.tnmc26.pub3"},{"key":"27426_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuno, H. et al. Comparison of MR imaging and dual-energy CT for the evaluation of cartilage invasion by laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. 39. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 524\u2013531. (2018).","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5530"},{"key":"27426_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, S. J. et al. Comparison of diagnostic performance between CT and MRI for detection of cartilage invasion for primary tumor staging in patients with laryngo-hypopharyngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 30. Eur. Radiol. 3803\u20133812. (2020).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06718-8"},{"issue":"7","key":"27426_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19960401)77:7<1263::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-J","volume":"77","author":"P Zb\u00e4ren","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zb\u00e4ren, P., Becker, M. & L\u00e4ng, H. Pretherapeutic staging of laryngeal carcinoma. Clinical findings, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging compared with histopathology. Cancer 77 (7), 1263\u20131273 (1996).","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"27426_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Castelijns, J. A., Becker, M. & Hermans, R. Impact of cartilage invasion on treatment and prognosis of laryngeal cancer. Eur Radiol [Internet]. 1996 Apr [cited 2025 Aug 31];6(2). Available from: http:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00181135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00181135"},{"issue":"2","key":"27426_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111719","volume":"265","author":"H Kuno","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuno, H. et al. Evaluation of cartilage invasion by laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with dual-energy CT. Radiology 265 (2), 488\u2013496 (2012).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"27426_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.203.2.9114116","volume":"203","author":"M Becker","year":"1997","unstructured":"Becker, M. et al. Neoplastic invasion of the laryngeal cartilage: reassessment of criteria for diagnosis at CT. Radiology 203 (2), 521\u2013532 (1997).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"27426_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4690","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4840-x","volume":"27","author":"L Preda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Preda, L. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of surface coil MRI in assessing cartilaginous invasion in laryngeal tumours: do we need contrast-agent administration? Eur. Radiol. 27 (11), 4690\u20134698 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"27426_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2492072183","volume":"249","author":"M Becker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Becker, M. et al. Neoplastic invasion of laryngeal cartilage: reassessment of criteria for diagnosis at MR imaging. Radiology 249 (2), 551\u2013559 (2008).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR13","first-page":"16689","volume":"7","author":"TM Stadler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stadler, T. M., H\u00fcllner, M. W., Broglie, M. A. & Morand, G. B. Predictive value of Suvmax changes between two sequential post-therapeutic FDG-pet in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Sci. Re. 7 (1), 16689 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Re"},{"key":"27426_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01670","volume":"10","author":"GB Morand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morand, G. B., Broglie, M. A., Schumann, P., Huellner, M. W. & Rupp, N. J. Histometabolic tumor imaging of hypoxia in oral cancer: clinicopathological correlation for prediction of an aggressive phenotype. Front. Oncol. 10, 1670 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR15","first-page":"8972","volume":"9","author":"J Werner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Werner, J. et al. Predictive value of pretherapeutic maximum standardized uptake value (suvmax) in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Sci. Re. 9 (1), 8972 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Re"},{"key":"27426_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stalder, S. A. et al. Value of SUVmax for the Prediction of Bone Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biology. 2;9(2):23. (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9020023"},{"issue":"6","key":"27426_CR17","first-page":"3167","volume":"279","author":"LW Lekanne Dit Deprez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lekanne Dit Deprez, L. W. et al. SUVmax for predicting regional control in oropharyngeal cancer. Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Off J. Eur. Fed. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Soc. EUFOS Affil Ger. Soc. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol - Head Neck Surg. 279 (6), 3167\u20133177 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Off J. Eur. Fed. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Soc. EUFOS Affil Ger. Soc. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol - Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"27426_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26668","volume":"43","author":"TM Stadler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stadler, T. M., Morand, G. B., Rupp, N. J., H\u00fcllner, M. W. & Broglie, M. A. FDG-PET-CT\/MRI in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: impact on pretherapeutic N classification, detection of distant metastases, and second primary tumors. Head Neck. 43 (7), 2058\u20132068 (2021).","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"10","key":"27426_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2014.0142","volume":"12","author":"DG Pfister","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pfister, D. G. et al. Head and neck Cancers, version 2.2014. J. Natl. Compr. Canc Netw. 12 (10), 1454\u20131487 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Canc Netw."},{"issue":"2","key":"27426_CR20","first-page":"122","volume":"67","author":"WM Lydiatt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lydiatt, W. M. et al. Head and neck cancers-major changes in the American joint committee on cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual. CA Cancer J. Clin. 67 (2), 122\u2013137 (2017).","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"4","key":"27426_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07765-1","volume":"280","author":"A Nemmour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nemmour, A. et al. Prediction of extranodal extension in oropharyngeal cancer patients and carcinoma of unknown primary: value of metabolic tumor imaging with hybrid PET compared with MRI and CT. Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 280 (4), 1973\u20131981 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2020.07.006","volume":"51","author":"MW Huellner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huellner, M. W. PET\/MR in head and neck Cancer \u2013 An update. Semin Nucl. Med. 51 (1), 26\u201338 (2021).","journal-title":"Semin Nucl. Med."},{"key":"27426_CR23","unstructured":"Sutter, O. P. et al. Recurrence detection by hybrid [ 18 F ] FDG - PET in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck (2024). 8;hed.27997."},{"key":"27426_CR24","unstructured":"Li, H. Y. & Chen, X. H. [Diagnostic value of enhanced CT\/MRI for thyroid cartilage invasion by malignant tumor]. 52, Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 372\u2013376. (2017)."},{"key":"27426_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DankbaarJW et al. Detection of cartilage invasion in laryngeal carcinoma with dynamic contrast-enhanced CT. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2, 373\u2013379 (2017).","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.114"},{"key":"27426_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.109480","volume":"135","author":"T Waech","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waech, T. et al. Measurement variations of MRI and CT in the assessment of tumor depth of invasion in oral cancer: A retrospective study. Eur. J. Radiol. 135, 109480 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"27426_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2012.07.006","volume":"67","author":"S T\u00fcrkmen","year":"2012","unstructured":"T\u00fcrkmen, S. et al. Age-dependent structural and radiological changes in the larynx. Clin. Radiol. 67 (11), e22\u2013e26 (2012).","journal-title":"Clin. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"27426_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.03.012","volume":"24","author":"J Abraham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abraham, J. Imaging for head and neck cancer. Surg. Oncol. Clin. N Am. 24 (3), 455\u2013471 (2015).","journal-title":"Surg. Oncol. Clin. N Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-006-0029-2","volume":"7","author":"Z Rumboldt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rumboldt, Z., Gordon, L., Bonsall, R. & Ackermann, S. Imaging in head and neck cancer. Curr. Treat. Options Oncol. 7 (1), 23\u201334 (2006).","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"27426_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, J. et al. hong, yun,. Comparison of CT and MRI in diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma with anterior vocal commissure involvement. Sci Re 2;6(1):30353. (2016).","DOI":"10.1038\/srep30353"},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2005.04.010","volume":"77","author":"X Geets","year":"2005","unstructured":"Geets, X. et al. Inter-observer variability in the delineation of pharyngo-laryngeal tumor, Parotid glands and cervical spinal cord: comparison between CT-scan and MRI. Radiother Oncol. J. Eur. Soc. Ther. Radiol. Oncol. 77 (1), 25\u201331 (2005).","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol. J. Eur. Soc. Ther. Radiol. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"27426_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2021.08.002","volume":"30","author":"M Becker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Becker, M., Monnier, Y. & de Vito, C. MR imaging of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N Am. 30 (1), 53\u201372 (2022).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"27426_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000036","volume":"22","author":"R Maroldi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maroldi, R., Ravanelli, M. & Farina, D. Magnetic resonance for laryngeal cancer. Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 22 (2), 131\u2013139 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"23","key":"27426_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3946","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16233946","volume":"25","author":"S Aslan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aslan, S. et al. Evaluating the accuracy and efficiency of imaging modalities in guiding ablation for metastatic spinal column tumors: A systematic review. Cancers 25 (23), 3946 (2024).","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"5","key":"27426_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13537","volume":"15","author":"J Hurtado-Oliva","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hurtado-Oliva, J. et al. A new computed tomography\u2010based approach to quantify swallowing muscle volume by measuring tongue muscle area in a single slice. J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 15 (5), 1858\u20131868 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"27426_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monnier, Y. et al. CYR61 and \u03b1V\u03b25 integrin cooperate to promote invasion and metastasis of tumors growing in preirradiated stroma. Cancer Res. 2008 15;68(18):7323\u20137331 .","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0841"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-27426-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-27426-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-27426-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T15:58:03Z","timestamp":1765209483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-27426-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["27426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-27426-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"M.H. received grants and speaker honoraria from GE Healthcare, a fund by the Alfred and Annemarie von Sick legacy and a grant from the clinical research priority program (CRPP) Artificial Intelligence in Oncological Imaging Network of the University of Zurich. The other authors declare no competing interests.All other authors do not declare any conflict of interest. M.H. was not included in the statistical analysis of the data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The authors declare that this study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Local Ethics Review Board approval (protocol number\n                      2022\u201302050)\n                      was obtained. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Patient\u2019s identities have been protected, and all identifying information has been anonymized to maintain confidentiality.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics declarations"}}],"article-number":"43365"}}